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Chess In Europe
The game of chess, or rather its immediate precursor, known as ''shatranj'', was introduced to Europe from the Islamic sphere, most likely via Iberia (modern Spain), in the 9th or 10th century (possibly as early as at the beginning of the 9th century, and certainly by the mid to late 10th century). The earliest reference to the game in Middle Latin is a poem '' de scachis'', preserved in Einsiedeln Abbey. Chess in medieval Europe was played in monasteries and at feudal courts. An exception is Ströbeck, known as the "chess village", where chess became popular among the farmers in the early 11th century already. Modern chess in the UK England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Jersey and Guernsey all have separate national chess federations, and send their own teams to international chess competitions. The English Chess Federation, which in 2005 replaced the long established British Chess Federation, is responsible for the organisation of chess in England, and also organises the annual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess
Chess is a board game for two players. It is an abstract strategy game that involves Perfect information, no hidden information and no elements of game of chance, chance. It is played on a square chessboard, board consisting of 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as White and Black in chess, "White" and "Black", each control sixteen Chess piece, pieces: one king (chess), king, one queen (chess), queen, two rook (chess), rooks, two bishop (chess), bishops, two knight (chess), knights, and eight pawn (chess), pawns, with each type of piece having a different pattern of movement. An enemy piece may be captured (removed from the board) by moving one's own piece onto the square it occupies. The object of the game is to "checkmate" (threaten with inescapable capture) the enemy king. There are also several ways a game can end in a draw (chess), draw. The recorded history of chess goes back to at least the emergence of chaturanga—also thought to be an ancesto ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Chess Championship
The British Chess Championships are organised by the English Chess Federation. The main tournament incorporates the British Championship, the English Chess Championships and the British Women's Chess Championship so it is possible, although it has never happened, for one player to win all three titles in the same competition. The English Women's Chess Championship was also incorporated into this event but did not take place in 2015 and was held as a separate competition in 2016. Since 1923 there have been sections for juniors, and since 1982 there has been an over-sixty championship. The championship venue usually changes every year and has been held in different locations in England, Scotland, Wales and once on the Isle of Man. The championship was originally open to citizens of any Commonwealth country and has previously been won by Mir Sultan Khan (India) and Abe Yanofsky (Canada). After the Indian R. B. Ramesh finished first in 2002 and several other Indians took top prize ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
A History Of Chess
''A History of Chess'' is a book written by H. J. R. Murray (1868–1955) and published in 1913. Details Murray's aim is threefold: to present as complete a record as is possible of the varieties of chess that exist or have existed in different parts of the world; to investigate the ultimate origin of these games and the circumstances of the invention of chess; and to trace the development of the modern European game from the first appearance of its ancestor, the Indian chaturanga, in the beginning of the 7th century. The first part of the book describes the history of the Asiatic varieties of chess, the Arabic and Persian literature on chess, and the theory and practice of the game of shatranj. The second part is concerned with chess in Europe in the Middle Ages, its role in literature and in the moralities, and with medieval chess problems, leading up to the beginning of modern chess and the history of the modern game through to the 19th century. Murray, who knew the English ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess In Spain
Spain has contributed to the history of chess from its integration around the 10th century to the present day. The Spanish received Shatranj, one of the predecessors of chess, from the Arabs during the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula between the 7th and 15th centuries. As chess spread to the rest of Europe, Spain contributed to the chess literature of the period, culminating with the ''Libro de los juegos'' (1283), commissioned by Alfonso X of Castile, Alfonso X in the 13th century. Also of Spanish origin are the first Archaeology, archaeological pieces of evidence of the game in Europe: the Ager pieces, a set of medieval chess pieces dating from the 11th century, of abstract design and made of crystal, that belonged to Arnau Mir de Tost. Overview With reformulations of the rules of the game in the late 15th century, Spain was one of the first European countries to stand out in chess. The ''Repetición de Amores y Arte de Axedrez'' (1497) by Luis Ramírez de Lucena and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess In Armenia
Chess has been played in Armenia since the early Middle Ages; however, it was institutionalized during the early Soviet period. Highly popular in Armenia today, chess gained widespread recognition during the 1960s, when Soviet Armenian grandmaster Tigran Petrosian became the World Chess Champion. A country of about three million people, Armenia is considered one of the strongest chess nations today, and a chess superpower. Among countries, Armenia has one of the most chess Grandmaster (chess), grandmasters per capita. Since the country's independence, the Armenian men's chess team has won the European Team Chess Championship, European Team Championship (1999), the World Team Chess Championship, World Team Championship (2011) and the Chess Olympiad (2006, 2008, 2012). The women's team had its crowning victory at the 2003 European Championship. As of August 2021, Armenia ranks seventh in the world by the average rating of its top players. Levon Aronian, formerly Armenia's best ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lewis Chessmen
The Lewis chessmen ( ) or Uig chessmen, named after the island or the bay where they were found, are a group of distinctive 12th-century chess pieces, along with other game pieces, most of which are carved from walrus ivory. Discovered in 1831 on the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland, they may constitute some of the few complete, surviving medieval chess sets, although it is not clear if a single complete period-accurate set can be assembled from the pieces. When found, the hoard contained 94 objects: 78 chess pieces, 14 tablemen (pieces for backgammon or similar games) and one belt buckle. Today, 82 pieces are owned and usually exhibited by the British Museum in London, and the remaining 11 are at the National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh; at least one chess piece is owned privately. A newly identified piece, a "warder", the equivalent of a rook, was sold for £735,000 in July 2019. Four other major pieces, and many pawns, remain miss ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chess In Early Literature
One of the most common ways for chess historians to trace when the board game chess entered a country is to look at the literature of that country. Although due to the names associated with chess sometimes being used for more than one game (for instance Xiang-qi in China and Tables in England), the only certain reference to chess is often several hundred years later than uncertain earlier references. The following list contains the earliest references to chess or chess-like games. Byzantium a. 923 – at-Tabari's ''Kitab akhbar ar-rusul wal-muluk'' (note the work is an Arabic work, no early Greek works are known) China 79 BC – 8 BC – lifetime of Liu Xiang 劉 向, who wrote ''Shuo yuan'', a compilation of early Confucian anecdotes: "''Do you still feel like playing xiangqi and dancing?''". The rules of the game are not described in this text, so the ambiguity regarding which game it refers to is unresolved. "Xiangqi", apart from being the name of the chess variant played ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hastings International Chess Congress
The Hastings International Chess Congress is an annual chess tournament which takes place in Hastings, England, around the turn of the year. The main event is the Hastings Premier tournament, which was traditionally a 10 to 16 player round-robin tournament. In 2004/05 the tournament was played in the single-elimination tournament, knock out format; while in 2005/06 and 2006/07 it was played using the Swiss system tournament, Swiss system. Alongside the main event there is the challengers section, which is open to all players. The winner of the challengers event earns an invitation in the following year's Premier. In addition to the annual international tournament at the Christmas Congress, Hastings has also hosted international tournaments at irregular intervals in its Summer Congress. The most celebrated of these is Hastings 1895 chess tournament, Hastings 1895, which featured two world champions and nearly all of the world's best players. Every World Chess Championship, World C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4NCL
The 4NCL, or Four Nations Chess League, is the national chess league of the British Isles. The league is named after the four constituent nations: England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland. The league is played over five weekends, typically at Midlands hotel venues starting in October/November and finishing on the May Day#England, early May bank holiday), and in the top two divisions teams consist of 8 players (at least one of whom must be female). The 4NCL is run independently as a limited company outside the control of any individual nation's chess governing bodies. Although an amateur competition for most of its teams, some of the top teams in the league have been able to secure sponsors (including Chess.com and Chessable) to allow them to hire some of the world's top Grandmaster (chess), grandmasters. Some of the players to have played in the 4NCL include Michael Adams (chess player), Michael Adams, Alexei Shirov, Maxime Vachier-Lagrave, Anish Giri, Nigel Short, Viktor Korchnoi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Chess Federation
The English Chess Federation (ECF) is the governing chess organisation in England. It is affiliated to FIDE The International Chess Federation or World Chess Federation, commonly referred to by its French acronym FIDE ( , ), is an international organization based in Switzerland that connects the various national chess federations and acts as the Spor .... The ECF was formed in 2004 as one of the more localised successors to the British Chess Federation (BCF), an organisation founded in 1904. History From 1904 until 2005, the British Chess Federation (BCF) was the governing body of chess in England. The BCF itself replaced the British Chess Association (BCA) and initially governed chess, its pre-eminent ratings, and rules in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Over time, Chess Scotland, Scotland, Welsh Chess Union, Wales, Irish Chess Union, Ireland and the Channel Islands were governed by their own chess federations. Only England came under BCF jurisdiction, and it also admin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shatranj
Shatranj (, ; from Middle Persian ) is an old form of chess, as played in the Sasanian Empire. Its origins lie in the South Asian game of chaturanga. Modern chess gradually developed from this game, as it was introduced to Europe by contacts in Muslim Al-Andalus (modern Spain) and in Sicily in the 10th century. In modern Persian language, Persian, the term is also used as the translation of chess. Etymology and origins The name of the game in adjoining countries appears to be derived from chaturanga - chatrang in Persian, shatranj in Arabic, Chanderaki in Tibetan are examples. This suggests that the game, as well as its name, came from India. Also, as will appear, it was believed in Persia that the game arrived there from India."The name of the game in adjoining countries appears to be derived from chaturanga - chatrang in Persian, shatranj in Arabic, chanderaki in Tibetan are examples. This suggests that the game, as well as its name, came from India. Also, as will appear, it wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ströbeck
Schachdorf Ströbeck is a village in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, which since 1 January 2010 is part of the town of Halberstadt in the Harz (district), Harz district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Located about west of the city centre, the ''Schachdorf'' ("chess village") is known for its long historic connection with chess. History The first mention of ''Strebechi'' dates back to 995, when King Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto III of Germany dedicated the estate in the Eastphalian Harzgau to his sister Abbess Adelaide I, Abbess of Quedlinburg, Adelaide of Quedlinburg. In 1004 his successor King Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor, Henry II granted it to Drübeck Abbey. Ströbeck was a fief of the Bishopric of Halberstadt, later held by the comital House of Regenstein, from 1343 by the County of Wernigerode, Counts of Wernigerode. Chess The main activity for which the village is known, occurred possibly in 1011. According to legend, Bishop Arnulf of Halberstadt had imprisoned Gunzelin, Margr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
