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Chemical Reaction Network Theory
Chemical reaction network theory is an area of applied mathematics that attempts to model the behaviour of real-world chemical systems. Since its foundation in the 1960s, it has attracted a growing research community, mainly due to its applications in biochemistry and theoretical chemistry. It has also attracted interest from pure mathematicians due to the interesting problems that arise from the mathematical structures involved. History Dynamical properties of reaction networks were studied in chemistry and physics after the invention of the law of mass action. The essential steps in this study were introduction of detailed balance for the complex chemical reactions by Rudolf Wegscheider (1901), development of the quantitative theory of chemical chain reactions by Nikolay Semyonov (1934), development of kinetics of catalytic reactions by Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, and many other results. Three eras of chemical dynamics can be revealed in the flux of research and publications. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Applied Mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematics, mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, and Industrial sector, industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the profession, professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models. In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics. History Historically, applied mathematics consisted principally of Mathematical analysis, applied analysis, most notably differential equations; approximation theory (broadly construed, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archive For Rational Mechanics And Analysis
The ''Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis'' is a scientific journal that is devoted to research in mechanics as a deductive, mathematical science. The current editors in chief of the journal are Felix Otto and Vladimir Sverak. It was founded in 1956 by Clifford Truesdell when he moved from Indiana University to Johns Hopkins and lost control of a similar journal he had founded a few years previously, the ''Journal of Rational Mechanics and Analysis'' (now the '' Indiana University Mathematics Journal''). Gianfranco Capriz. writes that Truesdell's ideals of mathematical and typesetting rigor gave the new journal a high reputation: James Serrin James Burton Serrin (1 November 1926, Chicago, Illinois – 23 August 2012, Minneapolis, Minnesota) was an American mathematician, and a professor at University of Minnesota. Life He graduated from Evanston Township High School in 1944. He then ..., a later editor of the Archive, adds that it became the center of a revival of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chemical Reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemistry, chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an Gibbs free energy, energy change as new products are generated. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the Atomic nucleus, nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive Chemical element, elements where both electronic and nuclear changes can occur. The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reagent, reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change, and they yield one or more Product (c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intersection (set Theory)
In set theory, the intersection of two Set (mathematics), sets A and B, denoted by A \cap B, is the set containing all elements of A that also belong to B or equivalently, all elements of B that also belong to A. Notation and terminology Intersection is written using the symbol "\cap" between the terms; that is, in infix notation. For example: \\cap\=\ \\cap\=\varnothing \Z\cap\N=\N \\cap\N=\ The intersection of more than two sets (generalized intersection) can be written as: \bigcap_^n A_i which is similar to capital-sigma notation. For an explanation of the symbols used in this article, refer to the table of mathematical symbols. Definition The intersection of two sets A and B, denoted by A \cap B, is the set of all objects that are members of both the sets A and B. In symbols: A \cap B = \. That is, x is an element of the intersection A \cap B if and only if x is both an element of A and an element of B. For example: * The intersection of the sets and is . * The n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reagent
In chemistry, a reagent ( ) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. The terms ''reactant'' and ''reagent'' are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a substance ''consumed'' in the course of a chemical reaction. ''Solvents'', though involved in the reaction mechanism, are usually not called reactants. Similarly, ''catalysts'' are not consumed by the reaction, so they are not reactants. In biochemistry, especially in connection with enzyme-catalyzed reactions, the reactants are commonly called substrates. Definitions Organic chemistry In organic chemistry, the term "reagent" denotes a chemical ingredient (a compound or mixture, typically of inorganic or small organic molecules) introduced to cause the desired transformation of an organic substance. Examples include the Collins reagent, Fenton's reagent, and Grignard reagents. Analytical chemistry In analytical chemistry, a reag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Set (mathematics)
In mathematics, a set is a collection of different things; the things are '' elements'' or ''members'' of the set and are typically mathematical objects: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometric shapes, variables, or other sets. A set may be finite or infinite. There is a unique set with no elements, called the empty set; a set with a single element is a singleton. Sets are ubiquitous in modern mathematics. Indeed, set theory, more specifically Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, has been the standard way to provide rigorous foundations for all branches of mathematics since the first half of the 20th century. Context Before the end of the 19th century, sets were not studied specifically, and were not clearly distinguished from sequences. Most mathematicians considered infinity as potentialmeaning that it is the result of an endless processand were reluctant to consider infinite sets, that is sets whose number of members is not a natural number. Specific ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology
''Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology'' is a peer-reviewed book series. It covers the broad fields of experimental medicine and biology. The series was established in 1967 and is published by Springer Nature. The editors-in-chief are Wim E. Crusio (French National Centre for Scientific Research and University of Bordeaux), Haidong Dong (Mayo Clinic), Heinfried H. Radeke ( Goethe University), Nima Rezaei ( Tehran University of Medical Sciences), Ortrud Steinlein (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich), and Junjie Xiao (Shanghai University). Abstracting and indexing The series is abstracted and indexed in: *BIOSIS Previews * Embase *Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed *Science Citation Index Expanded *Scopus According to the ''Journal Citation Reports'', the series has a 2021 impact factor The impact factor (IF) or journal impact factor (JIF) of an academic journal is a type of journal ranking. Journals with higher impact factor values are considered more prestigious ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grigoriy Yablonsky
Grigoriy Yablonsky (or Yablonskii) () is an expert in the area of chemical kinetics and chemical engineering, particularly in catalytic technology of complete and selective oxidation, which is one of the main driving forces of sustainable development. His theory of complex steady-state and non-steady-state catalytic reactions is widely used by research teams in many countries of the world (the USA, UK, Belgium, Germany, France, Norway, and Thailand). Yablonsky serves as an associate research professor of chemistry at Saint Louis University's Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology and college of arts and sciences. Since 2006, Yablonsky has been an editor of the Russian-American ''Middle West''. Scientific contributions Yablonsky, together with Lazman, developed the general form of steady-state kinetic description (the kinetic polynomial’), which is a non-linear generalization of many theoretical expressions proposed previously (the Langmuir –Hinshelwood a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Nikolaevich Gorban
Alexander Nikolaevich Gorban () is a scientist of Russian origin, working in the United Kingdom. He is a professor at the University of Leicester, and director of its Mathematical Modeling Centre. Gorban has contributed to many areas of fundamental and applied science, including statistical physics, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, machine learning and mathematical biology. Gorban is the author of about 20 books and 300 scientific publications. He has founded several scientific schools in the areas of physical and chemical kinetics, dynamical systems theory and artificial neural networks, and is ranked as one of the 1000 most cited researchers of Russian origin.According to http://www.scientific.ru/, 2012 In 2020, Gorban presented a keynote talk at the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence. Gorban has supervised 6 habilitations and more than 30 PhD theses. Biography Gorban was born in Omsk, on 19 April 1952. His father Nikolai Vasilievich Gorban was a historian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Journal Of Mathematical Biology
'' Journal of Mathematical Biology'' is a peer review, peer-reviewed, mathematics journal, published by Springer Verlag. Founded in 1974, the journal publishes articles on mathematical biology. In particular, papers published in this journal 'should either provide biological insight as a result of mathematical analysis or identify and open up challenging new types of mathematical problems that derive from biological knowledge'. It is the official journal of the European Society for Mathematical and Theoretical Biology. The editors-in-chief are Thomas Hillen, Anna Marciniak-Czochra, and Mark Lewis. Its 2020 impact factor is 2.259. Abstracting and indexing This journal is indexed in the following databases: *Thomson Reuters *: BIOSIS *: Biological Abstracts *: Current Contents / Life Sciences *: Journal Citation Reports *: Science Citation Index Expanded *: Zoological Record *: PubMed/Medline (Web of Knowledge) *Gale (publisher), Gale *: Academic OneFile *: Expanded Academic *EBSCO ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Society For Industrial And Applied Mathematics
Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is a professional society dedicated to applied mathematics, computational science, and data science through research, publications, and community. SIAM is the world's largest scientific society devoted to applied mathematics, and roughly two-thirds of its membership resides within the United States. Founded in 1951, the organization began holding annual national meetings in 1954, and now hosts conferences, publishes books and scholarly journals, and engages in advocacy in issues of interest to its membership. Members include engineers, scientists, and mathematicians, both those employed in academia and those working in industry. The society supports educational institutions promoting applied mathematics. SIAM is one of the four member organizations of the Joint Policy Board for Mathematics. Membership Membership is open to both individuals and organizations. By the end of its first full year of operation, SIAM had 130 me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
P-matrix
In mathematics, a -matrix is a complex square matrix with every principal minor is positive. A closely related class is that of P_0-matrices, which are the closure of the class of -matrices, with every principal minor \geq 0. Spectra of -matrices By a theorem of Kellogg, the eigenvalues of - and P_0- matrices are bounded away from a wedge about the negative real axis as follows: :If \ are the eigenvalues of an -dimensional -matrix, where n>1, then ::, \arg(u_i), < \pi - \frac,\ i = 1,...,n :If , , are the eigenvalues of an -dimensional -matrix, then :: Remarks The class of nonsingular ''M''-matrices is a subset of the class of -matrices. More precisely, all matrices that are both -matrices and[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
