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Ceratosaurids
Ceratosaurs are members of the clade Ceratosauria, a group of dinosaurs defined as all theropods sharing a more recent common ancestor with ''Ceratosaurus'' than with birds. The oldest known ceratosaur, ''Saltriovenator'', dates to the earliest part of the Jurassic, around 199 million years ago. Ceratosauria includes three major clades: Ceratosauridae, Noasauridae, and Abelisauridae, found primarily (though not exclusively) in the Southern Hemisphere. Originally, Ceratosauria included the above dinosaurs plus the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Coelophysoidea and Dilophosauridae, implying a much earlier divergence of ceratosaurs from other theropods. However, most recent studies have shown that coelophysoids and dilophosaurids do not form a natural group with other ceratosaurs, and are excluded from this group. Ceratosauria derives its names from the type species, ''Ceratosaurus nasicornis'', described by O.C. Marsh in 1884. A moderately large predator from the Late Jurassic, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratosaurus
''Ceratosaurus'' (from Greek 'horn' and 'lizard') is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian ages). The genus was first described in 1884 by American paleontologist Othniel Charles Marsh based on a nearly complete skeleton discovered in Garden Park, Colorado, in rocks belonging to the Morrison Formation. The type species is ''Ceratosaurus nasicornis''. The Garden Park specimen remains the most complete skeleton known from the genus and only a handful of additional specimens have been described since. Two additional species, ''Ceratosaurus dentisulcatus'' and ''Ceratosaurus magnicornis'', were described in 2000 from two fragmentary skeletons from the Cleveland-Lloyd Quarry of Utah and from the vicinity of Fruita, Colorado. The validity of these additional species has been questioned, however, and all three skeletons possibly represent different growth stages of the same species. In 1999, the discovery o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eoabelisaurus
''Eoabelisaurus'' () is a genus of abelisauroid theropod dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Cañadón Asfalto Formation of the Cañadón Asfalto Basin in Argentina, South America. The generic name combines a Greek ἠώς, (''eos''), "dawn", with the name ''Abelisaurus'', in reference to the fact it represents an early relative of the latter. Only one species is currently recognized, ''E. mefi''; the specific name (zoology), specific name honours the MEF, the Museo Paleontológico "Egidio Feruglio", where discoverer Diego Pol is active. It is characterized by reduced forelimb proportions that show primitive characteristics of the Abelisauridae family. Discovery and naming In 2009, Argentinian paleontologist Diego Pol discovered the skeleton of a theropod near the village of Cerro Cóndor in Chubut Province. The remains were found in the Jugo Loco locality that is placed in a series of fine beds of mudstone, marlstone, and limestone in the Cañadón Asfalto Formation. In 2012, bas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinemurian
In the geologic timescale, the Sinemurian is an age (geology), age and stage (stratigraphy), stage in the Early Jurassic, Early or Lower Jurassic epoch (geology), Epoch or series (stratigraphy), Series. It spans the time between 199.5 ±0.3 annum, Ma and 192.9 ±0.3 Ma (million years ago). The Sinemurian is preceded by the Hettangian and is followed by the Pliensbachian. In Europe the Sinemurian age, together with the Hettangian age, saw the deposition of the lower Lias Group, Lias, in Great Britain known as the Blue Lias. Stratigraphic definitions The Sinemurian Stage was defined and introduced into scientific literature by French palaeontologist Alcide d'Orbigny in 1842. It takes its name from the French town of Semur-en-Auxois, near Dijon. The calcareous soil formed from the Jurassic limestone of the region is in part responsible for the character of the classic Sancerre (wine), Sancerre wines. The base of the Sinemurian Stage is at the first appearance of the ammonite genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genyodectes
''Genyodectes'' ("jaw bite", from the Greek words ''genys'' ("jaw") and ''dektes'' ("bite")) is a genus of ceratosaurian theropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian) of South America. The holotype material (MLP 26–39, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina) was collected from the Cerro Barcino Formation, Cañadón Grande, Departamento Paso de Indios in the Chubut Province of Argentina and consists of an incomplete snout, including the premaxillae, portions of both maxillas, the right and left dentary, many teeth, a fragment of the left splenial, and parts of the supradentaries. These elements are generally poorly preserved and some are in articulation. The premaxilla of ''Genyodectes'' possesses relatively large and protruding teeth, similar to those of ''Ceratosaurus''. The specific name, ''serus'', means "late". In 2016 it was estimated to be in length and in weight. Taxonomy and phylogeny The taxon has long been considered a nomen dubium, owing to its fragmentary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noasauridae
Noasauridae is an extinct family of theropod dinosaurs belonging to the group Ceratosauria. They were closely related to the short-armed Abelisauridae, abelisaurids, although most noasaurids had much more traditional body types generally similar to other theropods. Their heads, on the other hand, had unusual adaptations depending on the subfamily. 'Traditional' noasaurids, sometimes grouped in the subfamily Noasaurinae, had sharp teeth which splayed outwards from a downturned lower jaw. The most complete and well-known example of these kinds of noasaurids was ''Masiakasaurus knopfleri'' from Madagascar. Another group, Elaphrosaurinae, has also been placed within Noasauridae by some studies. Elaphrosaurines developed toothless jaws and Herbivore, herbivorous diets, at least as adults. The most complete and well known elaphrosaurine was ''Limusaurus, Limusaurus inextricabilis''. At least some noasaurids had Skeletal pneumaticity, pneumatised cervical vertebrae.Arthur Souza Brum, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abelisauridae
Abelisauridae (meaning "Abel's lizards") is a family (or clade) of ceratosaurian theropod dinosaurs. Abelisaurids thrived during the Cretaceous period, on the ancient southern supercontinent of Gondwana, and today their fossil remains are found on the modern continents of Africa and South America, as well as on the Indian subcontinent and the island of Madagascar. Isolated teeth were found in the Late Jurassic of Portugal, and the Late Cretaceous genera '' Tarascosaurus'', '' Arcovenator'' and '' Caletodraco'' have been described in France. Abelisaurids possibly first appeared during the Jurassic period based on fossil records, and some genera survived until the end of the Mesozoic era, around . Like most theropods, abelisaurids were carnivorous bipeds. They were characterized by stocky hind limbs and extensive ornamentation of the skull bones, with grooves and pits. In many abelisaurids, such as ''Carnotaurus'', the forelimbs are vestigial, the skull is shorter, and bony cres ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ligabueino
''Ligabueino'' (meaning "Ligabue's little one") is a genus of abelisauroid theropod dinosaur named after its discoverer, Italian doctor Giancarlo Ligabue. It is known only from an extremely fragmentary specimen, measuring 79 cm (2.6 ft) long, found in the La Amarga Formation. In spite of initial reports that it was an adult, the unfused vertebrae indicate that the specimen was a juvenile.Carrano, M.T., Loewen, M.A. and Sertic, J.J.W. (2011). "New Materials of Masiakasaurus knopfleri Sampson, Carrano, and Forster, 2001, and Implications for the Morphology of the Noasauridae (Theropoda: Ceratosauria). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, 95: 53pp. It was a theropod and lived during the Early Cretaceous Period (Barremian to early Aptian), in what is now Patagonia. Contrary to initial classifications that placed it as a member of the Noasauridae, Carrano and colleagues found in 2011 that it could only be placed with any confidence in the group Abelisauroidea. In 2024, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gualicho
''Gualicho'' (named in reference to the gualichu) is an enigmatic genus of theropod dinosaurs. The type species is ''Gualicho shinyae''. It lived in what is now northern Patagonia, on what was then a South American island continent split off from the supercontinent Gondwana. The fossils were found in the Huincul Formation, dating to the late Cenomanian-early Turonian age of the upper Cretaceous Period (geology), Period, around 91 mya (unit), million years ago. Discovery On 13 February 2007, Akiko Shinya, preparator of the Field Museum of Natural History, east of the Ezequiel Ramos Mexía Dam, Ezequiel Ramos Mexía Reservoir at the Rancho Violante, discovered the skeleton of a theropod new to science. In 2016, the specimen was named and described by Sebastián Apesteguía, Nathan D. Smith, Rubén Juárez Valieri and Peter J. Makovicky. The generic name is derived from the ''gualichu'', a demon of local folklore. The specific name (zoology), specific name honours Shinya as the an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genusaurus
''Genusaurus'' ( ; meaning "knee lizard") is a genus of abelisaurid theropod from the Early Cretaceous. Its fossils were found in France. ''Genusaurus'' is believed to have lived during the Albian stage, around 112-100 million years ago. Description ''Genusaurus'' possesses several distinguishing traits. The dorsal vertebrae are elongated. The elements of the pelvis are strongly fused. The thighbone shows a low bone plateau below the major trochanter; to the front an accessory trochanter is present. The epicondyle of the inner femoral condyle is well-developed. The cnemial crest strongly extends to the front and is curved upwards. The fibula has a distinctive boss serving as an attachment for the '' Musculus iliofibularis''. The upper inner side of the fibula is strongly hollowed out. Size ''Genusaurus'' was originally estimated to have been long. From the thighbone, a weight of was extrapolated. Later estimates, while confirming the length of , have reduced the weight to , ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deltadromeus
''Deltadromeus'' (meaning "delta runner") is an extinct genus of controversial theropod dinosaurs from the Aoufous Formation (Kem Kem Beds) of Morocco. The genus contains a single species, ''Deltadromeus agilis'', known from multiple partial skeletons from the mid-Cretaceous period (mid-Cenomanian age), about 95 million years ago. The classification of ''Deltadromeus'' has been in flux since its original description. In 2016, the South American megaraptoran ''Gualicho'' was noted to have many similarities with ''Deltadromeus''. Other studies have considered it a ceratosaurian, potentially as a member of the family Noasauridae. It may be a junior synonym of the contemporary ''Bahariasaurus''. Discovery The holotype of ''Deltadromeus agilis'' (museum catalogue number SGM-Din2) is a partial skeleton. A number of specimens (catalogued under IPHG 1912 VIII) from the Bahariya Formation of Egypt were originally considered by Ernst Stromer to be conspecific with ''Bahariasaurus'',S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dahalokely
''Dahalokely'' is an extinct genus of carnivorous Abelisauroidea, abelisauroid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Madagascar. Discovery In 2007, during an expedition by Andrew Farke to the north of Madagascar, Joseph Sertich discovered near Antsiranana the remains of a theropod new to science. In 2010, these were completely excavated by Sertich and Liva Ratsimbaholison. The fossils were then transported to the United States of America to be prepared, repaired, and scanned at Stony Brook University. After casts had been made and stored in the Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology with inventory number RAM 16010, the original fossils were returned to Madagascar and added to the collection of the University of Antananarivo. The type species, ''Dahalokely tokana'', was named by Farke and Sertich in 2013. The generic name, ''Dahalokely'', means "small thief" in Malagasy language, Malagasy, deriving from its estimated length of , smaller than those of known ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
