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Buitenplaats
A buitenplaats (, ) was a summer residence for rich townspeople in the Netherlands. During the Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century, many traders and city administrators in Dutch towns became very wealthy. Many of them bought country estates, at first mainly to collect rents, however soon mansions started to be built there, which were used only during the summer. History Buitenplaatsen or buitenhuizen could be found in picturesque regions which were easily accessible from the owner's home in town, and they were near a clean water source. Most wealthy families kept their children in buitenhuizen during the summer to flee the putrid canals of the cities and the accompanying onset of cholera and other diseases. Though most buitenhuizen have been demolished, examples are still in existence along the river Vecht (Utrecht), Vecht, the river Amstel, the Spaarne in Kennemerland, the river Vliet (canal), Vliet and in Wassenaar. Some still exist near former lakes (now polders) like the W ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Watergraafsmeer
The Watergraafsmeer () is a polder in North Holland, Netherlands. It was reclaimed in 1629. In the 17th and 18th centuries, there were many '' buitenplaatsen'' in the Watergraafsmeer, though nowadays only one, Frankendael, remains. It is among the lowest-lying parts of Amsterdam (approximately 5 metres below the NAP). Since 1921, the Watergraafsmeer is part of the city of Amsterdam and its rural character has all but disappeared. It is located in the borough of Amsterdam-Oost. The most important streets in the Watergraafsmeer are the ''Middenweg'' and the ''Kruislaan''. History During the 17th and 18th centuries, a number of wealthy ''Amsterdammers'' (inhabitants of Amsterdam) built ''buitenplaatsen'' in the Watergraafsmeer. Today, only the ''buitenplaats'' of ''Frankendael'' remains. On the ''Maliebaan'', people played jeu de mail. From 1 May 1817 until 1 January 1921, Watergraafsmeer was an independent municipality with approximately ten thousand inhabitants. In the earl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trompenburgh
Trompenburgh is a 17th-century manor house in 's-Graveland, designed by Daniël Stalpaert in Dutch Baroque style was built for Admiral Cornelis Tromp, one of the naval heroes of the Dutch Republic The United Provinces of the Netherlands, commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795. It was a predecessor state of the present-day Netherlands .... The mansion is almost entirely surrounded by water and was built to resemble a ship, even with decks and railings. Before the current mansion was built, the plot was owned by Andries Bicker and his sister Dieuwertje (1584-1641). Joan van Hellemondt (1616-1665), her son, built a mansion on the estate, called ''De Hooge Dreuvik'', which dates back to 1654. Through inheritance the mansion came into the possession of his widow, Margaretha van Raephorst (1625-1690). She remarried her neighbor Cornelis Tromp in January 1667. The couple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Utrecht Hill Ridge
Utrecht Hill Ridge () is a ridge of low sandhills that stretches in a direction from southeast to northwest over the Provinces of the Netherlands, Dutch province of Utrecht (province), Utrecht and over a part of North Holland. The total length of the region is about 50 km. It covers an area of approximately 23,000 hectares. The part of the ridge in North Holland is commonly called Het Gooi in Dutch, the Gooi (area) in English. On the southeastern side the ridge rises sharply from the valley of the Nederrijn (Lower Rhine). Here the famous Grebbeberg (Grebbe Mountain) forms a landmark (52 m. high) where the Battle of the Grebbeberg took place in 1940 as an important part of Battle of the Netherlands. The highest peak of the ridge is the Amerongse Berg (Amerongen Mountain) of 68 m. On the northern side the ridge continues to the shores of the Gooimeer (Lake Gooi). The Utrecht Hill Ridge was created 150.000 years ago as a push moraine in the Saale glaciation, Saalian, the ice age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Sea Canal
The North Sea Canal () is a Dutch ship canal from Amsterdam to the North Sea at IJmuiden, constructed between 1865 and 1876 to enable seafaring vessels to reach the port of Amsterdam. This man-made channel terminates at Amsterdam in the closed-off IJ Bay, which in turn connects to the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal. The drainage of the canal to the North Sea is done through the IJmuiden sea lock, augmented by the largest pumping station in Europe. This system is vital to the groundwater management of the Western Netherlands. History To improve the connection between the harbour of Amsterdam and the North Sea, the North Holland Canal was built in 1824. But this long and narrow canal was quickly inadequate to handle the growing boat traffic. A few decades later it was decided to dig a new canal at the narrowest point in Holland and thereby providing the shortest route to the sea. Digging began on 8 March 1865, at the dunes of Breesaap and lasted until 1876. Since no Dutch company ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forest
A forest is an ecosystem characterized by a dense ecological community, community of trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines a forest as, "Land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5 meters and a Canopy (biology), canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds ''in situ''. It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or urban use." Using this definition, ''Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA), Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020'' found that forests covered , or approximately 31 percent of the world's land area in 2020. Forests are the largest Terrestrial ecosystem, terrestrial ecosystems of Earth by area, and are found around the globe. 45 percent of forest land is in the Tropical forest, trop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farm
A farm (also called an agricultural holding) is an area of land that is devoted primarily to agricultural processes with the primary objective of producing food and other crops; it is the basic facility in food production. The name is used for specialized units such as arable farms, vegetable farms, fruit farms, dairy, pig and poultry farms, and land used for the production of natural fiber, biofuel, and other biobased products. It includes ranches, feedlots, orchards, plantations and estates, smallholdings, and hobby farms, and includes the farmhouse and agricultural buildings as well as the land. In modern times, the term has been extended to include such industrial operations as wind farms and fish farms, both of which can operate on land or at sea. There are about 570 million farms in the world, most of which are small and family-operated. Small farms with a land area of fewer than 2 hectares operate on about 12% of the world's agricultural land, and family farms com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orangerie
An orangery or orangerie is a room or dedicated building, historically where orange and other fruit trees are protected during the winter, as a large form of greenhouse or conservatory. In the modern day an orangery could refer to either a conservatory or greenhouse built to house fruit trees, or a conservatory or greenhouse meant for another purpose. The orangery provided a luxurious extension of the normal range and season of woody plants, extending the protection which had long been afforded by the warmth offered from a masonry fruit wall. During the 17th century, fruits like orange, pomegranate, and bananas arrived in huge quantities to European ports. Since these plants were not adapted to the harsh European winters, orangeries were invented to protect and sustain them. The high cost of glass made orangeries a status symbol showing wealth and luxury. Gradually, due to technological advancements, orangeries became more of a classic architectural structure that enh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fountain
A fountain, from the Latin "fons" ( genitive "fontis"), meaning source or spring, is a decorative reservoir used for discharging water. It is also a structure that jets water into the air for a decorative or dramatic effect. Fountains were originally purely functional, connected to springs or aqueducts and used to provide drinking water and water for bathing and washing to the residents of cities, towns and villages. Until the late 19th century most fountains operated by gravity, and needed a source of water higher than the fountain, such as a reservoir or aqueduct, to make the water flow or jet into the air. In addition to providing drinking water, fountains were used for decoration and to celebrate their builders. Roman fountains were decorated with bronze or stone masks of animals or heroes. In the Middle Ages, Moorish and Muslim garden designers used fountains to create miniature versions of the gardens of paradise. King Louis XIV of France used fountains in the Gard ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trekschuit
Trekschuit (; , 'tugged boat') is an old style of sail- and horse-drawn boat specific to the Netherlands, where it was used for centuries as a means of passenger traffic between cities along ''trekvaarten'', or tow-canals. History The first trekschuit 'sailed' in 1632 between Amsterdam and Haarlem and could carry 30 passengers. The ''trekvaart'' or canal was dug in a straight line to facilitate an easy pulling process and to guarantee the shortest route. The passengers needed to step out and change boats in Halfweg, which means "halfway". This is how the town of Halfweg was formed. Because of the enormous success of this Haarlemmertrekvaart, the service was extended from Haarlem to Leiden in 1657. In 1668 the first evening service was announced in the Haarlems Dagblad, [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
William Thomas Beckford
William Thomas Beckford (29 September 1760 – 2 May 1844) was an English novelist, art critic, planter and politician. He was reputed at one stage to be England's richest commoner. He was the son of William Beckford (politician), William Beckford and Maria Hamilton, daughter of the Hon. George Hamilton (died 1775), George Hamilton, and he served as a member of parliament for Wells (UK Parliament constituency), Wells in 1784–1790 and Hindon (UK Parliament constituency), Hindon in 1790–1795 and 1806–1820. Beckford is best known for writing the 1786 Gothic novel ''Vathek'', for building Fonthill Abbey in Wiltshire and Beckford's Tower in Bath, Somerset, Bath, and for his extensive art collection. Biography Beckford was born in the family's London home at 22 Soho Square on 29 September 1760. At the age of ten, he inherited a fortune from his father William Beckford (politician), William Beckford, who had been twice a Lord Mayor of London. It consisted of £1 million in cash, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Country House
image:Blenheim - Blenheim Palace - 20210417125239.jpg, 300px, Blenheim Palace - Oxfordshire An English country house is a large house or mansion in the English countryside. Such houses were often owned by individuals who also owned a Townhouse (Great Britain), town house. This allowed them to spend time in the country and in the city—hence, for these people, the term distinguished between town and country. However, the term also encompasses houses that were, and often still are, the full-time residence for the landed gentry who dominated rural Britain until the Reform Act 1832. Frequently, the formal business of the Historic counties of England, counties was transacted in these country houses, having functional antecedents in manor houses. With large numbers of indoor and outdoor staff, country houses were important as places of employment for many rural communities. In turn, until the Great Depression of British Agriculture, agricultural depressions of the 1870s, the est ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
