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Bicosoecid
Bicosoecida ( ICZN) or Bicosoecales/Bicoecea ( ICBN) is an order of Bikosea, a small group of unicellular flagellates, included among the stramenopiles. Informally known as bicosoecids, they are free-living cells, with no chloroplasts, and in some genera are encased in a lorica. The name of the type genus '' Bicosoeca'' described by James-Clark in 1866 is derived from Greek roots (, vase, bowl, plus ''oekein'', inhabit). The philologically preferable compound would be ''Bicoeca'', as "corrected" by Stein in 1878 and followed by most subsequent authors. However, according to the ICBN and ICZN, the original spelling of the name cannot be considered incorrect and it must be used in its original form. The group was formerly considered to be related to the Chrysophyceae. Some authors use the vernacular term "bicosoecid" (or "bicoecid") in a narrower sense, only for ''Bicosoeca'', applying "bicoeceans" to ''Bicosoeca'' and related groups like '' Cafeteria''. With the advent of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stramenopile
The stramenopiles, also called heterokonts, are protists distinguished by the presence of stiff tripartite external hairs. In most species, the hairs are attached to flagella, in some they are attached to other areas of the cellular surface, and in some they have been secondarily lost (in which case relatedness to stramenopile ancestors is evident from other shared cytological features or from genetic similarity). Stramenopiles represent one of the three major clades in the SAR supergroup, along with Alveolata and Rhizaria. Stramenopiles are eukaryotes; most are single-celled, but some are multicellular including some large seaweeds, the brown algae. The group includes a variety of algal protists, heterotrophic flagellates, opalines and closely related proteromonad flagellates (all endobionts in other organisms); the actinophryid Heliozoa, and oomycetes. The tripartite hairs characteristic of the group have been lost in some of the included taxa – for example in most ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cafeteria Roenbergensis
''Cafeteria roenbergensis'' is a small bacterivorous marine flagellate. It was discovered by Danish marine ecologist Tom Fenchel and named by him and taxonomist David J. Patterson in 1988. It is in one of three genera of bicosoecids, and the first discovered of two known ''Cafeteria'' species. Bicosoecids belong to a broad group, the stramenopiles, also known as heterokonts (Heterokonta) that includes photosynthetic groups such as diatoms, brown, and golden algae, and non-photosynthetic groups such as opalinids, actinophryid "heliozoans", and oomycetes. The species is found primarily in coastal waters where there are high concentrations of bacteria on which it grazes. Its voracious appetite plays a significant role in regulating bacteria populations. Physiology ''Cafeteria roenbergensis'' is a slightly flattened, kidney-shaped bicosoecid. Its cell typically measures between 3 and 10 μm and it has a volume of around 20 μm3. It is colorless and has two unequally size ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cafeteria (bicosoecid)
''Cafeteria'' is a genus of marine bicosoecid described in 1988 by Tom Fenchel and D. J. Patterson. It was created after the discovery of a new species, ''Cafeteria roenbergensis'', a tiny (5–10 μm) eukaryotic organism that is eaten by protozoa and small invertebrates. The name is meant to indicate the importance of the genus in the food web. Several species are recognised: * ''Cafeteria biegae'' * ''Cafeteria burkhardae'' * ''Cafeteria chilensis'' * ''Cafeteria graefeae'' * ''Cafeteria loberiensis'' * ''Cafeteria maldiviensis'' * ?''Cafeteria marsupialis'' Larsen & Patterson, 1990 * ''Cafeteria ligulifera'' Larsen & Patterson 1990 * ''Cafeteria minimus'' (Griessmann 1913) Larsen & Patterson 1990 * ''Cafeteria minuta'' (Ruinen 1938) Larsen & D.J.Patterson, 1990 * ''Cafeteria mylnikovii'' Cavalier-Smith & Chao 2006 * ''Cafeteria roenbergensis'' Fenchel & Patterson, 1988 * ''Cafeteria sippewissettensis A cafeteria, called canteen outside the U.S., is a type of foo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chrysophyceae
The Chrysophyceae, usually called chrysophytes, chrysomonads, golden-brown algae, or golden algae, are a large group of algae, found mostly in freshwater. Golden algae is also commonly used to refer to a single species, '' Prymnesium parvum'', which causes fish kills. The Chrysophyceae should not be confused with the Chrysophyta, which is a more ambiguous taxon. Although "chrysophytes" is the anglicization of "Chrysophyta", it generally refers to the Chrysophyceae. Members Originally they were taken to include all such forms of the diatoms and multicellular brown algae, but since then they have been divided into several different groups (e.g., Haptophyceae, Synurophyceae) based on pigmentation and cell structure. Some heterotrophic flagellates as the bicosoecids and choanoflagellates were sometimes seen as related to golden algae too. They are now usually restricted to a core group of closely related forms, distinguished primarily by the structure of the flagella in motile cel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyathobodoniae
Cyathobodoniae is a subclass of bicosoecids, a small group of unicellular flagellates, included among the heterokont The stramenopiles, also called heterokonts, are protists distinguished by the presence of stiff tripartite external hairs. In most species, the hairs are attached to flagella, in some they are attached to other areas of the cellular surface, an ...s. References External links * Bikosea Heterokonts {{Heterokont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bicosidia
Bicosidia is a subclass of Bikosea, a small group of unicellular flagellates, included among the heterokont The stramenopiles, also called heterokonts, are protists distinguished by the presence of stiff tripartite external hairs. In most species, the hairs are attached to flagella, in some they are attached to other areas of the cellular surface, an ...s. References External links * Bikosea Stramenopile taxa {{Heterokont-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flagellate
A flagellate is a cell or organism with one or more whip-like appendages called flagella. The word ''flagellate'' also describes a particular construction (or level of organization) characteristic of many prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their means of motion. The term presently does not imply any specific relationship or classification of the organisms that possess flagella. However, several derivations of the term "flagellate" (such as " dinoflagellate" and " choanoflagellate") are more formally characterized. Form and behavior Flagella in eukaryotes are supported by microtubules in a characteristic arrangement, with nine fused pairs surrounding two central singlets. These arise from a basal body. In some flagellates, flagella direct food into a cytostome or mouth, where food is ingested. Flagella role in classifying eukaryotes. Among protoctists and microscopic animals, a flagellate is an organism with one or more flagella. Some cells in other animals may be flage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bicosoeca
''Bicosoeca'' is a genus of bicosoecids in the family Bicosoecaceae. It is the type genus of its family. The name ''Bicosoeca'', described by James-Clark in 1866, is derived from Greek roots (, vase, bowl, plus , inhabit). The philologically preferable compound would be ''Bicoeca'', as "corrected" by Stein in 1878 and followed by most subsequent authors. However, according to the ICBN and ICZN, the original spelling of the name cannot be considered incorrect and it must be used in its original form. Species * '' B. accreta'' Hibberd 1978 * '' B. acuminata'' Stokes 1885 * '' Bicosoeca antarctica'' Pankow 1991 * '' B. dissimilis'' Stokes 1885 * '' B. lauterbornei'' * '' B. lepteca'' Stokes 1885 * '' B. leptostoma'' Stokes 1885 * '' B. longipes'' Stokes 1885 * '' B. mignotii'' Moestrup, Thomsen & Hibberd 1992 * '' B. phiala'' Stokes 1895 * '' B. ruttneri'' Wawrik * '' B. socialis'' Lemmermann 1908 non Lauterborn 1894 non Kent 1871 * '' B. starmachii'' Hamar 1979 * '' B. szabadosi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chloroplast
A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle, organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant cell, plant and algae, algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which capture the Radiant energy, energy from sunlight and convert it to chemical energy and release oxygen. The chemical energy created is then used to make sugar and other organic molecules from carbon dioxide in a process called the Calvin cycle. Chloroplasts carry out a number of other functions, including fatty acid synthesis, amino acid synthesis, and the immune response in plants. The number of chloroplasts per cell varies from one, in some unicellular algae, up to 100 in plants like ''Arabidopsis'' and wheat. Chloroplasts are highly dynamic—they circulate and are moved around within cells. Their behavior is strongly influenced by environmental factors like light color and intensity. Chloroplasts cannot be made anew by the plant cell and must ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ICBN
The ''International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants'' (ICN or ICNafp) is the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the formal botanical names that are given to plants, fungi and a few other groups of organisms, all those "traditionally treated as algae, fungi, or plants".. It was formerly called the ''International Code of Botanical Nomenclature'' (ICBN); the name was changed at the International Botanical Congress in Melbourne in July 2011 as part of the ''Melbourne Code''. which replaced the ''Vienna Code'' of 2005. The current version of the code is the ''Shenzhen Code'' adopted by the International Botanical Congress held in Shenzhen, China, in July 2017. As with previous codes, it took effect as soon as it was ratified by the congress (on 29 July 2017), but the documentation of the code in its final form was not published until 26 June 2018. For fungi the ''Code'' was revised by the ''San Juan Chapter F'' in 2018. The 2025 edition of ICBN, the ''Ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Friedrich Stein
Samuel Friedrich Nathaniel Ritter von Stein (November 3, 1818 – January 9, 1885) was a German entomologist. He was Professor at the Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry in Tharandt from 1850–55; and Professor, and later Rector, at the Charles University in Prague, from 1855–76. His scientific work focused on invertebrates, and mainly on ''Diptera''. Early life, education, and family Stein was born in Niemegk, near Potsdam, Brandenburg. He completed his studies in 1841, conducting doctoral work at the University of Berlin. On May 29, 1844, in Berlin, he married Emma Johanne Couard Ottilie (born December 30, 1823, in Berlin; died 2 September 1903, in Asch). The couple had nine children. The next to last, daughter Adelheid von Stein (born May 25, 1859), married Joseph Neuwirth. Career Stein's scientific work focused on invertebrates, and mainly on ''Diptera'', as well as single-celled animals. His work on ''infusoria'' became the basis for all subsequent research in this ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
