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Bean Pod Mottle Virus
Bean pod mottle virus, or BPMV, is a species of plant pathogenic virus in the family '' Secoviridae''. It is known to infect soybean crops. Description BPMV is the viral pathogen that causes the disease Bean Pod Mottle in soybeans and other legumes such as snap peas. BPMV is a species in the plant pathogenic virus family '' Secoviridae'', and genus '' Comovirus''. It is characterized by icosahedral symmetry, non-enveloped, having two single stranded positive-sense RNAs (RNA-1 and RNA-2) separately encapsulated in isomeric particles, and are between 28 and 30 nm in diameter. (Bradshaw, 2007). The virus can overwinter in leaf-feeding beetle vectors (such as the bean leaf beetle), survive in perennial host species, and in virus-infected seed. In the North Central Region, the bean leaf beetle ('' Cerotoma trifurcata)'' is the most influential vector, by feeding on infected legumes and transferring virus particles to the next plant it lands on to feed. The BPMV disease has mos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secoviridae
''Secoviridae'' is a family of viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almo ... in the order '' Picornavirales''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 10 genera in the family, four of which are assigned to a subfamily. The family was created in 2009 with the grouping of families ''Sequiviridae'', now dissolved, and ''Comoviridae'', now subfamily ''Comovirinae'', along with the then unassigned genera ''Cheravirus'', ''Sadwavirus'', and ''Torradovirus''. Taxonomy The family includes the following genera (-''virinae'' denotes subfamily and -''virus'' denotes genus): * '' Comovirinae'' ** '' Comovirus'' ** '' Fabavirus'' ** '' Mersevirus'' ** '' Nepovirus'' * Unassigned to a subfamily: ** '' Cheravirus'' ** '' Sadwavirus'' ** '' Sequivirus'' ** '' Stralarivirus'' *** St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soybean
The soybean, soy bean, or soya bean (''Glycine max'') is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean. Soy is a staple crop, the world's most grown legume, and an important animal feed. Soy is a key source of food, useful both for its protein and oil content. Soybean oil is widely used in cooking, as well as in industry. Traditional unfermented food uses of soybeans include edamame, as well as soy milk, from which tofu and tofu skin are made. Fermented soy foods include soy sauce, fermented bean paste, nattō, and tempeh. Fat-free (defatted) soybean meal is a significant and cheap source of protein for animal feeds and many packaged meals. For example, soybean products, such as textured vegetable protein (TVP), are ingredients in many meat and dairy substitutes. Soy based foods are traditionally associated with East Asian cuisines, and still constitute a major part of East Asian diets, but processed soy products are increasingly used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Legume
Legumes are plants in the pea family Fabaceae (or Leguminosae), or the fruit or seeds of such plants. When used as a dry grain for human consumption, the seeds are also called pulses. Legumes are grown agriculturally, primarily for human consumption, but also as livestock forage and silage, and as soil-enhancing green manure. Legumes produce a botanically unique type of fruit – a simple fruit, simple Dry fruits, dry fruit that develops from a simple carpel and usually Dehiscence (botany) , dehisces (opens along a seam) on two sides. Most legumes have Symbiosis , symbiotic nitrogen fixation , nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobia, in structures called root nodules. Some of the fixed nitrogen becomes available to later crops, so legumes play a key role in crop rotation. Terminology The term ''pulse'', as used by the United Nations' Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), is reserved for legume crops harvested solely for the dry seed. This excludes green beans and Pea , green ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Snap Pea
The snap pea, also known as the sugar snap pea, is an edible-pod pea with rounded pods and thick pod walls, in contrast to snow pea pods, which are flat with thin walls. The name mangetout ( French for "eat all") can apply to snap peas and snow peas. A snap pea named "butter pea" was described in French literature in the 19th century, but the old snap pea was lost in cultivation by the mid-20th century. The present snap pea originated from Calvin Lamborn's cross between a shelling pea mutant found in 1952 by Dr. M.C. Parker and a snow pea cultivar. Researchers at Twin Falls, Idaho hoped that the cross might counteract twisting and buckling seen in varieties at the time. With this cross, snap pea was recreated and the first new snap pea was released in 1979 under the name 'Sugar Snap'. Snap peas, like all other peas, are pod fruits. An edible-podded pea is similar to a garden, or English, pea, but the pod is less fibrous, and is edible when young. Pods of the edible-podded pea, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Comovirus
''Comovirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order ''Picornavirales'', in the family ''Secoviridae'', in the subfamily ''Comovirinae''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 19 species in this genus. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species: * ''Comovirus andesense'', Andean potato mottle virus * ''Comovirus arabidopsis'', Arabidopsis latent virus 1 * ''Comovirus capsici'', Pepper mild mosaic virus * ''Comovirus cucurbitae'', Squash mosaic virus * ''Comovirus fabae'', Broad bean true mosaic virus * ''Comovirus glycinis'', Glycine mosaic virus * ''Comovirus musivi'', Pea mild mosaic virus * ''Comovirus phaseoli'', Phaseolus vulgaris severe mosaic virus * ''Comovirus pisi'', Pea green mottle virus * ''Comovirus rapae'', Turnip ringspot virus * ''Comovirus raphani'', Radish mosaic virus * ''Comovirus rugomusivum'', Bean rugose mosaic virus * ''Comovirus severum'', Cowpea severe mosai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bean Leaf Beetle
''Cerotoma trifurcata'' (also known as the bean leaf beetle) is a species of beetle in the Chrysomelidae family that can be found in the Eastern and West United States. Previously considered a minor pest, the past 30 years have seen an increase in population abundance. It has spread from its native region of the Mississippi Delta into the American Midwest and Canada. ''C. trifurcata'' prefers soybeans as a host, but it has been found on alfalfa, cowpea, snap beans, and cucurbits. It damages crops due to pod damage and being a vector for bean pod mottle virus. The beetle exhibits overwintering behaviors. Overwintering is associated with mating behavior and regulates when the beetle lays its eggs. Description Adults Adult beetles are in length, and have a punctuated elytra at their posterior region. Morphs can have colors ranging from light gray to shades of yellow, brown, orange, or red. The elytra has a black triangle in the middle behind the thorax and typically has six ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phomopsis
''Phomopsis'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi in the family Diaporthaceae. It was previously in the Valsaceae family. Species 680 records are listed by Species Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (Binomial nomenclature, scientific names) in the fungus Kingdom (biology), kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partn ...; See List of Phomopsis species (for full list of species). Selected species list includes; * '' Phomopsis arnoldiae'' * '' Phomopsis asparagi'' * '' Phomopsis asparagicola'' * '' Phomopsis azadirachtae'' * '' Phomopsis cannabina'' * '' Phomopsis caricae-papayae'' * '' Phomopsis coffeae'' * '' Phomopsis durionis'' Syd. 1932 * '' Phomopsis elaeagni'' * '' Phomopsis ganjae'' * '' Phomopsis javanica'' * '' Phomopsis juniperovora'' * '' Phomopsis lokoyae'' * '' Phomopsis longicolla'' * '' Phomopsis mangiferae'' * '' Phomopsis obscurans'' * '' Phomopsis perseae'' * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Green Stem Syndrome
Green is the color between cyan and yellow on the visible spectrum. It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm. In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy. Many creatures have adapted to their green environments by taking on a green hue themselves as camouflage. Several minerals have a green color, including the emerald, which is colored green by its chromium content. During post-classical and early modern Europe, green was the color commonly associated with wealth, merchants, bankers, and the gentry, while red was r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Viral Plant Pathogens And Diseases
The word ''Viral'' means "relating to viruses" (small infectious agents). It may also refer to: Viral behavior, or virality Memetic behavior likened that of a virus, for example: * Viral marketing, the use of existing social networks to spread a marketing message * Viral phenomenon, relating to contagion theory or the "virality" of network culture, such as a meme * Viral video Viral videos are video, videos that become popular through viral phenomenon, a viral process of Internet sharing, primarily through video sharing websites such as YouTube as well as social media and email.Lu Jiang, Yajie Miao, Yi Yang, ZhenZhon ..., a video that quickly attains a high popularity Titled works * Viral (2016 American film), ''Viral'' (2016 American film), a 2016 American science fiction horror drama * Viral (2016 Hindi film), ''Viral'' (2016 Hindi film), an Indian Bollywood film based on social media * Viral (upcoming film), ''Viral'' (upcoming film), an American psychological thri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
