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Battle Of Cotyaeum
The Battle of Cotyaeum (modern Kütahya) of 492 CE was a major engagement is the Isaurian War fought in Phrygia Epictetus. The future Byzantine emperor Justin I Justin I (; ; 450 – 1 August 527), also called Justin the Thracian (; ), was Roman emperor from 518 to 527. Born to a peasant family, he rose through the ranks of the army to become commander of the imperial guard and when Emperor Anastasi ... was present at the battle as a subordinate commander. In 2015 a mass grave containing around sixty skeletons was found in Kütahya, believed to be of Roman date. Investigations are ongoing as to whether these skeletons are victims of the Isaurian War or the Battle of Cotyaeum. References Cotyaeum 490s in the Byzantine Empire 5th century in the Byzantine Empire Cotyaeum Isaurians {{battle-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also known as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centred on Constantinople during late antiquity and the Middle Ages. Having survived History of the Roman Empire, the events that caused the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th centuryAD, it endured until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire in 1453. The term 'Byzantine Empire' was coined only after its demise; its citizens used the term 'Roman Empire' and called themselves 'Romans'. During the early centuries of the Roman Empire, the western provinces were Romanization (cultural), Latinised, but the eastern parts kept their Hellenistic culture. Constantine the Great, Constantine I () legalised Christianity and moved the capital to Constantinople. Theodosius I, Theodosius I () made Christianity the state religion and Greek gradually replaced Latin for official use. The empire adopted a defensive strategy and, throughout its remaining history, expe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isauria
Isauria ( or ; ), in ancient geography, is a rugged, isolated district in the interior of Asia Minor, of very different extent at different periods, but generally covering what is now the district of Bozkır and its surroundings in the Konya Province of Turkey, or the core of the Taurus Mountains. In its coastal extension it bordered on Cilicia. It derives its name from the warlike Isaurian tribe and the twin settlements '' Isaura Palaea'' (Ἰσαυρα Παλαιά, Latin: ''Isaura Vetus'' 'Old Isaura') and '' Isaura Nea'' (Ἰσαυρα Νέα, Latin: ''Isaura Nova'' 'New Isaura'). The Isaurians were fiercely independent mountain people who marauded and created havoc in neighboring districts under Macedonian and Roman occupations. History Early The permanent nucleus of Isauria was north of the Taurus range which lies directly south of Iconium and Lystra. Lycaonia had all the Iconian plain; but Isauria began as soon as the foothills were reached. Its two origi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John The Scythian
John the Scythian (, ; ''floruit'' 482–498) was a general and a politician of the Eastern Roman Empire who fought against the usurper Leontius (usurper), Leontius (484–488) and in the Isaurian War (492–497). Biography John was an officer of the East Roman army. In 482, he was sent to Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum, Illyricum together with Moschianus (consul 512), Moschianus to fight the Ostrogoths of Theodoric the Amal. In 483, the Emperor Zeno (emperor), Zeno decided to get rid of his ''magister militum per Orientem'' ("Commander in Chief of the East") Illus, replacing him with John. In 484, Illus rebelled and put forward the civil officer Leontius (usurper), Leontius as emperor. John and Theodoric, with a large army, defeated Illus and Leontius near Antioch in September of that year. The two rebels fled to IsauriaNote that both Zeno and Illus were of Isaurian origin. and holed up in the fortress of Papurius. John laid siege to the fortress; towards the end of 484, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John The Hunchback
John the Hunchback or John Gibbo (Greek: Ἰωάννης ὁ Κυρτός; ; fl. 492–499) was a general and a politician of the Eastern Roman Empire. Biography John was a native of Selymbria, modern Silivri in Turkey. Between 492 and 499, he was ''magister militum praesentalis''. In this capacity he was one of two generals of Emperor Anastasius I (r. 491–518) in the Isaurian War of 492–497, along with John the Scythian. In 492 he was one of the commanders of the Roman army at the Battle of Cotyaeum, while the following year he won an overwhelming victory against the Isaurians, after having freed the army of Diogenianus at Claudiopolis. In 498, the year after the victory over the Isaurians, it was John who captured the last enemy leaders, Longinus of Selinus and Indes, and sent them to the Emperor. Anastasius was very pleased with the victory, and amply rewarded his victorious generals: John the Scythian was made consul for 498, while John the Hunchback held the consu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justin I
Justin I (; ; 450 – 1 August 527), also called Justin the Thracian (; ), was Roman emperor from 518 to 527. Born to a peasant family, he rose through the ranks of the army to become commander of the imperial guard and when Emperor Anastasius I Dicorus died, he out-maneouvered his rivals and was elected as his successor, in spite of being around 68 years old. His reign is significant for the founding of the Justinian dynasty that included his nephew, Justinian I, and three succeeding emperors. His consort was Empress Euphemia. Justin was noted for his strongly Chalcedonian Christian views. This facilitated the ending of the Acacian schism between the churches of Rome and Constantinople, resulting in good relations between Justin and the papacy. Throughout his reign, he stressed the religious nature of his office and passed edicts against various Christian groups seen at the time as non-Orthodox. In foreign affairs, he used religion as an instrument of state. He endeavour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Longinus Of Cardala
Longinus of Cardala or Longinus the Bald (, ; died in 497) was a high-ranking Eastern Roman official and rebel leader from Isauria. Biography Longinus was one of several Isaurians who occupied offices in the imperial civil and military administration, especially under emperor Zeno, who was an Isaurian himself. It is said that he was rich and bald. Born in Cardala, he was appointed '' magister officiorum'' in late 484, after the defeat of the rebels Illus and Leontius, and was in office until 491, when Zeno died. After the death of the Isaurian emperor, there was a struggle for the succession that involved Longinus, Zeno's brother, and Anastasius I, the candidate supported by empress dowager Ariadne; when Anastasius I was proclaimed emperor, Longinus of Cardala was removed from his office. Many Isaurians were removed from the imperial administration, and this caused the beginning of the Isaurian War (492). Longinus of Cardala returned to Isauria, where he gathered 15,00 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Longinus Of Selinus
Longinus of Selinus (; ; born early 5th century, died 498) was one of the Isaurian leaders in the Isaurian War of 492–497. Biography Little is known about the life of Longinus except that he was born in the Isaurian city of Selinus. He was a leader of the Isaurian revolt that erupted with the appointment of the senior officer Anastasius I as the succeeding emperor of Zeno, Byzantine Emperor from 474 to 475 and 476 to 491. After two major defeats (in 492 and 493), the Isaurian rebels closed themselves in their fortresses in the Isaurian mountains from 494 to 497, where they were kept supplied by Longinus through the port of Antioch.Joan Mervyn Hussey, ''Cambridge medieval history'', CUP Archive, 1967, p. 479-480. In 497, the war ended with the death of its leaders and a year later, Longinus was captured at Antiochia Lamotis by Roman general John the Hunchback, sent to Constantinople to be paraded at Anastasius' victory celebration, then tortured and beheaded at Nicaea in Bithy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lilingis
Lilingis (died 492) was a governor of Isauria under the reign of the emperor Zeno. Biography Lilingis was the half-brother of the influential Isaurian general Illus. In 484, he was given command of an army by Zeno and charged with putting down a revolt against the emperor by Illus. He was ostensibly successful in this, becoming governor of Isauria shortly thereafter. Upon the death of Zeno in 491, Lilingis and his fellow Isaurians revolted against the new emperor Anastasius, inciting the Isaurian War. He was killed when the Isaurian rebels were routed by the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of Cotyaeum The Battle of Cotyaeum (modern Kütahya) of 492 CE was a major engagement is the Isaurian War fought in Phrygia Epictetus. The future Byzantine emperor Justin I Justin I (; ; 450 – 1 August 527), also called Justin the Thracian (; ), w ... in 492. References {{authority control 5th-century Byzantine people Byzantine rebels Isaurians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kütahya
Kütahya (; historically, Cotyaeum or Kotyaion; Ancient Greek, Greek: Κοτύαιον) is a city in western Turkey which lies on the Porsuk River, at 969 metres above sea level. It is the seat of Kütahya Province and Kütahya District. In 1957 Arthur Lane published an influential article in which he reviewed the history of pottery production in the region and proposed that 'Abraham of Kütahya' ware was produced from 1490 until around 1525, 'Damascus' and 'Golden Horn' ware were produced from 1525 until 1555 and 'Rhodian' ware from around 1555 until the demise of the İznik pottery industry at the beginning of the 18th century. This chronology has been generally accepted. Climate Kütahya has a mediterranean climate, warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: ''Csb''), or a temperate continental climate (Trewartha climate classification: ''Dc''), with chilly, wet, often snowy winters and warm, dry summers. Precipitation occurs mostly during the winter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Isaurian War
The Isaurian War was a conflict that lasted from 492 to 497 and that was fought between the army of the Eastern Roman Empire and the rebels of Isauria. At the end of the war, Eastern Emperor Anastasius I regained control of the Isauria region and the leaders of the revolt were killed. Background During the reign of Theodosius II (r. 402–450) people from Isauria, a poor and mountainous province in Asia Minor, reached for the first time high office in the Eastern Roman Empire. Emperor Leo I (r. 457–474) deliberately promoted Isaurians to important posts in the civil and military administration to counterbalance the power of the hitherto all-powerful Germanic elements. The Isaurians, however, were despised as semi-barbarians by the people of Constantinople, who in 473 rose in an anti-Isaurian revolt in the Hippodrome and in 475 overthrew the newly crowned Isaurian emperor Zeno (r. 474–475 and 476–491), killing all the Isaurians in the city in the process. Zeno returned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phrygia Epictetus
Mysia (UK , US or ; ; ; ) was a region in the northwest of ancient Asia Minor (Anatolia, Asian part of modern Turkey). It was located on the south coast of the Sea of Marmara. It was bounded by Bithynia on the east, Phrygia on the southeast, Lydia on the south, Aeolis on the southwest, Troad on the west, and the Propontis on the north. In ancient times it was inhabited by the Mysians, Phrygians, Aeolians, Aeolian Greeks and other groups. Geography The precise limits of Mysia are difficult to assign. The Phrygian frontier was fluctuating, while in the northwest the Troad was only sometimes included in Mysia. The northern portion was known as "Lesser Phrygia" or (; ), while the southern was called "Greater Phrygia" or "Pergamene Phrygia". Mysia was in later times also known as Hellespontine Phrygia (; ) or "Acquired Phrygia" (; ), so named when the region was annexed to the Attalid kingdom. Under Augustus, Mysia occupied the whole of the northwest corner of Asia Minor, between t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
