|
Battle Of Chamkaur
The Battle of Chamkaur, also known as Battle of Chamkaur Sahib or the Second battle of Chamkaur, was fought between the Khalsa, led by Guru Gobind Singh, and the coalition forces of the Mughals led by Wazir Khan and Hindu hill chiefs. Guru Gobind Singh makes a reference to this battle in his letter Zafarnama. Preamble to the battle After Guru Gobind Singh left Anandpur Sahib on the night of 5 and 6 December 1704, or 1705 he crossed the Sarsa River with his disciples. While they were crossing, the Mughals and hill kings attacked. Guru Gobind Singh and his followers asked permission of the city chief for shelter to rest for the night in their ''garhi'' or haveli. He refused, but his younger brother allowed the Sikhs to stay in the haveli. Battle Despite giving assurance of safe conduct, the Mughal soldiers were looking for Guru Gobind Singh, to take his head as a trophy. After learning that the party of Sikhs had taken shelter in the haveli, they laid siege upon it. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Himmat Singh (Sikhism)
Bhai Himmat Singh (1661–1705), born Himmat Rai, was one of the inaugural group of Panj Pyare, or the first group of the ''Five Beloved'' in Sikhism. Biography Early life He was born in 1661 in Jagannath Puri in modern-day Odisha, India into the caste of water-suppliers. His family belonged to the '' Jhivar'' (also ''Jheer'' or ''Jheeaur'') caste. His father was named Gulzari whilst his mother was named Dhanno. Later life He reached Anandpur at the age of 17 to serve the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh. He was the third to answer the call by the Guru during the ceremony to formalize the Khalsa order in 1699 atop a hill in Anandpur (where Takht Kesgarh Sahib now stands). He received the vows of the Khalsa at Guru Gobind Singh's hands and was renamed Himmat Singh. At Anandpur, he took part in battles with the surrounding hill chiefs and imperial commanders. He died in the Battle of Chamkaur on 7 December 1704 or 1705. Himmat Singh was viewed as being an ''avatar'' o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quran
The Quran, also Romanization, romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a Waḥy, revelation directly from God in Islam, God (''Allah, Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides its religious significance, it is widely regarded as the finest work in Arabic literature, and has significantly influenced the Arabic, Arabic language. It is the object of a modern field of academic research known as Quranic studies. Muslims believe the Quran was orally revealed by God to the final Islamic Prophets and messengers in Islam, prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad through the Angel#Islam, angel Gabriel#Islam, Gabriel incrementally over a period of some 23 years, beginning on the Night of Power, Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad was 40, and concluding in 632, the year of his death. Muslims regard the Quran as Muhammad's most important Islamic view of miracles, miracle, a proof of his prophet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Singh
Singh ( IPA: ) is a title, middle name, or surname that means "lion" in various South Asian and Southeast Asian communities. Traditionally used by the Hindu Kshatriya community, it was later mandated in the late 17th century by Guru Gobind Singh (born Gobind Das) for all male Sikhs as well, in part as a rejection of caste-based prejudice and to emulate Rajput naming conventions. As a surname or a middle name, it is now found throughout the world across communities and religious groups, becoming more of a generic, caste-neutral, decorative name—similar to names such as Kumar and Lal. Etymology and variations The word "Singh" is derived from the Sanskrit word सिंह (IAST: siṃha) meaning "lion", and is used to convey a "hero" or "eminent person". Several variants of the word are found in other languages: * In Tibetan, it is written as སིང་ with the same pronunciation (Sing). * In Tamil, the word for lion is Singham or Singhe written as சிங்க, al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panj Pyare
Panj Pyare (, ', the five beloved ones) refers to a gathered ad hoc quintet of five baptised (''Amritdhari'') Khalsa Sikhs who act as institutionalized leaders for the wider Sikh community. Function The Panj Pyare are convened for pressing matters in the Sikh community, covering both local and international issues. The constituent members of a Panj Piare quintet are selected based on meritocratic grounds. Ceremonies They are responsible for leading a Nagar Kirtan procession. The Panj Pyare are also responsible for carrying out the '' Amrit Sanchar'' ceremony of baptizing new members into the Khalsa order of Sikhism. Until the Vaisakhi of AD 1699, the Sikh initiation ceremony was known as ''Charan Pahul''. They are responsible for laying the cornerstone of newly built gurdwaras. Historical usage In a historical sense, the term is used to refer to a collective name given to five men − Bhai Daya Singh, Bhai Dharam Singh, Bhai Himmat Singh, Bhai Mohkam Singh and Bhai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haveli
A ''haveli'' is a traditional townhouse, mansion, or manor house, in the Indian subcontinent, usually one with historical and architectural significance, and located in a town or city. The word ''haveli'' is derived from Arabic ''hawali'', meaning "partition" or "private space", popularised under the Mughal Empire, and was devoid of any architectural affiliations. Later, the word ''haveli'' came to be used as a generic term for various styles of regional mansions, manor houses, and townhouses found in the Indian subcontinent. History Origin The term ''haveli'' originates from Arabic word ''hawali'', meaning "partition" or "private space", term which was popularized under Mughal Empire. Early havelis served Muslim rulers of the Indian Subcontinent and became an important architectural component of urban environments under the Mughals. Although havelis originate from Indo-Islamic architecture, the existence multistory homes and courtyards in the region is claimed as ea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sarsa River
Sarasa river or Sirsa river (in Punjabi ਸਰਸਾ /ਸਿਰਸਾ ਨਦੀ, in Hindi सरसा,सिरसा नदी ) is a river in north India. Course The river rises in the Shiwalik foothills of Southern Himachal Pradesh. It flows in the western part of Solan district, then enters into Punjab near Diwari village. Sarsa joins the river Sutlej at the eastern part of Rupnagar district of Punjab. It joins the Satluj River near Taraf village. History In December 1704, the Battle of Sarsa (a part of the Mughal-Sikh Wars) was fought between Khalsa and Mughal Empire.The river was flooded that night. Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Sikh Guru. His family separated (vichor) during this incident and were presumed to be among the dead. A Gurudwara named Parivar Vichora is situated near the bank of river Sirsa in the village Majri. Pollution Baddi, Nalagarh, Barotiwala industrial areas (in Solan district Solan district is one of the twelve districts of the Himachal Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anandpur Sahib
Anandpur Sahib, also referred simply as Anandpur (), is a city in Rupnagar district (Ropar), on the edge of Shivalik Hills, in the Indian state of Punjab. Located near the Sutlej River, the city is one of the most sacred religious places in Sikhism, being the place where the last two Sikh Gurus, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh, lived. It is also the place where Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa Panth in 1699. The city is home to Takhat Sri Kesgarh Sahib, the third of the five Takhts in Sikhism. The city is a pilgrimage site in Sikhism. It is the venue of the largest annual Sikh gathering and festivities during the Hola Mohalla in the spring season.Gurmukh Singh (2009)Anandpur Sahib Encyclopedia of Sikhism, Editor in Chief: Harbans Singh, Punjab University Location Anandpur Sahib is located on National Highway 503 that links Kiratpur Sahib and Chandigarh to Nangal, Una and further Kangra, Himachal Pradesh. It is situated near the Sutlej river, the longest o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zafarnama
Zafarnama () is the title of a number of Persian and Turkish literary works Zafarnama may refer to: * ''Zafarnama'' or ''Timurnama'', a Persian epic poem by Hatefi about Timur * ''Zafarnama'' (Shami biography), a history of the ruler Timur by Nizam al-Din Shami * ''Zafarnama'' (Yazdi biography), a second history of the ruler Timur's career by the Persian historian Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi **Garrett Zafarnama, a manuscript of the work, now in Baltimore * ''Zafarnamah'' (Mustawfi), an epic poem by the Persian epic poet Hamdallah Mustawfi * ''Zafarnama'' (letter), a message to the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb from the Sikh leader Guru Gobind Singh * '' Zafername'', a satire written in 1870 by Ziya Pasha * Zafarnamah Ranjit Singh, a chronicle history of Ranjit Singh (1780–1839), compiled by Diwan Amar Nath () See also * ''Safarnama'', an 11th-century travel Persian travel book by Nasir Khusraw Nasir Khusraw (; 1004 – between 1072–1088) was an Isma'ili poet, philosopher, trave ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sangat Singh (Sikh Warrior)
Bhai Sangat Singh was a Sikh warrior and martyr of Battle of Chamkaur. Battle and death Sangat Singh took part in battles of Bhangani, Bajrur, Nadaun, all four battle of Anandpur Sahib, Bansali, Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702), Nirmohgarh, Battle of Sarsa, Sarsa and Battle of Chamkaur, Chamkaur. In second Battle of Chamkaur, Sikhs lost almost most soldiers and the Guru decided to go on war front but it was opposed by present Sikhs on their insistence he agreed to make a bid to escape from Chamkaur and his Clothing, attire, dastar and Kalgidhar, kalgi was given to Bhai Sangat Singh in the fort. He bore a high degree of physical resemblance to Guru Gobind Singh and dressed up and disguised himself as the Guru in-order to trick the enemy. Sangat Singh and Sant Singh only two Sikhs got left at the fort and after Guru's exit and they went on war front to Army of the Mughal Empire, Mughal army and fought against them and was killed.{{Cite book, last=Grewal, first=J. S., url=https://b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zafarnama (letter)
The ''Zafarnāma'' (Gurmukhi: ਜ਼ਫ਼ਰਨਾਮਾ; ) was a spiritual victory letter sent by Guru Gobind Singh in 1705 to the Mughal Empire, Mughal Emperor of India, Aurangzeb, after the Battle of Chamkaur (1704), Battle of Chamkaur. Background In the aftermath of the Battle of Chamkaur, second battle of Chamkaur, the Guru wanted to write a letter of condemnation to the Mughal emperor for breaking his oath swore upon the Quran by attacking the Sikhs who were evacuating the fort of Anandpur after a long siege when they were promised safe passage by Aurangzeb. The Guru did not rely upon the Mughal couriers to deliver the letter as he did not trust them to do so and he wanted to know how the emperor would react to its contents so he decided to send Daya Singh and Dharam Singh (Sikhism), Dharam Singh to deliver the letter personally. Daya Singh had previously delivered a letter from the Guru addressed to the emperor from Ghulal on 26 December 1704. Guru Gobind Singh sent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jujhar Singh
Jujhar Singh (, pronunciation: ; 9 April 1691 – 23 December 1704), the second son of Gobind Singh, was born to Mata Jito at Anandpur Sahib. This event is now celebrated on April 9 each year according to the Nanakshahi Calendar. Biography He died in battle during the Second Battle of Chamkaur Baba Jujhar Singh Ji was born on March 14, 1691, in Anandpur Sahib, Punjab. His parents were Mata Jito Ji and his Father was the 10 Sikh guru, Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji. Baba Jujhar Singh Ji was also the second son of Guru Gobind Singh Sahib Ji. He was only 14 when he met his martyrdom after watching his brother's death. Legacy Sikh hagiographer, Rattan Singh Bhangu, compared Jujhar Singh's sacrifice at the Battle of Chamkaur to the death of Abhimanyu in the Mahabharata epic, as both fought and died defending their father. He writes Jujhar Singh as thinking the following whilst engaging the Mughal forces in battle: "How can a son live while his father confronts death in battle?" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
