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Bat Bug
Bat bugs are parasitic blood-sucking insects that feed primarily on the blood of bats – their hosts. The name has been applied to members of the family ''Cimicidae'' (e.g. ''Cimex lectularius'', '' Afrocimex constrictus'') and also to members of the family '' Polyctenidae''. Bat bugs are closely related to bed bug Bed bugs are parasitic insects from the genus ''Cimex'', which are micropredators that haematophagy, feed on blood, usually at night. Their bites can result in a number of health impacts, including skin rashes, psychological effects, and aller ...s, and are so similar in appearance that they are often mistaken for bed bugs. Microscopic examination is needed to distinguish them. Bat bugs will also bite humans if given the opportunity. Bat bug species include: * African bat bug (''Afrocimex constrictus'') * Eastern bat bug (''Cimex adjunctus'') Anatomy A key physiological distinction between the common bedbug and the bat bug is the fringe hairs on the pronotum (t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parasitic
Parasitism is a close relationship between species, where one organism, the parasite, lives (at least some of the time) on or inside another organism, the host, causing it some harm, and is adapted structurally to this way of life. The entomologist E. O. Wilson characterised parasites' way of feeding as "predators that eat prey in units of less than one". Parasites include single-celled protozoans such as the agents of malaria, sleeping sickness, and amoebic dysentery; animals such as hookworms, lice, mosquitoes, and vampire bats; fungi such as honey fungus and the agents of ringworm; and plants such as mistletoe, dodder, and the broomrapes. There are six major parasitic strategies of exploitation of animal hosts, namely parasitic castration, directly transmitted parasitism (by contact), trophicallytransmitted parasitism (by being eaten), vector-transmitted parasitism, parasitoidism, and micropredation. One major axis of classification concerns invasiveness: an endopar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insect
Insects (from Latin ') are Hexapoda, hexapod invertebrates of the class (biology), class Insecta. They are the largest group within the arthropod phylum. Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (Insect morphology#Head, head, Thorax (insect anatomy), thorax and abdomen (insect anatomy), abdomen), three pairs of jointed Arthropod leg, legs, compound eyes, and a pair of antenna (biology), antennae. Insects are the most diverse group of animals, with more than a million described species; they represent more than half of all animal species. The insect nervous system consists of a insect brain, brain and a ventral nerve cord. Most insects reproduce Oviparous, by laying eggs. Insects Respiratory system of insects, breathe air through a system of Spiracle (arthropods), paired openings along their sides, connected to Trachea#Invertebrates, small tubes that take air directly to the tissues. The blood therefore does not carry oxygen; it is only partly contained in ves ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Host (biology)
In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasite, parasitic, a mutualism (biology), mutualistic, or a commensalism, commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include animals playing host to parasitic worms (e.g. nematodes), cell (biology), cells harbouring pathogenic (disease-causing) viruses, or a Fabaceae, bean plant hosting mutualistic (helpful) Rhizobia, nitrogen-fixing bacteria. More specifically in botany, a host plant supplies nutrient, food resources to micropredators, which have an evolutionarily stable strategy, evolutionarily stable relationship with their hosts similar to ectoparasitism. The host range is the collection of hosts that an organism can use as a partner. Symbiosis Symbiosis spans a wide variety of possible relationships between organisms, differing in their permanence and their effects on the two parties. If one of the partners in an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimicidae
The Cimicidae are a Biological classification, family of small parasitic Hemiptera, bugs that hematophagy, feed exclusively on the blood of homeothermic, warm-blooded animals. They are called cimicids or, loosely, bed bugs, though the latter term properly refers to the most well-known member of the family, ''Cimex lectularius'', the Cimex lectularius, common bed bug, and its tropical relation ''Cimex hemipterus''. The family contains over 100 species. Cimicids appeared in the fossil record in the Cretaceous period. When bats evolved in the Eocene, Cimicids switched hosts and now feed mainly on bats or birds. Members of the group have colonised humans on three occasions. Cimicids usually feed on their host's blood every three to seven days, crawling away from the host and hiding while they digest the blood, which may take several days. This means that they specialise in vertebrate hosts that return regularly to particular sites to nest, roost or sleep. Birds and bats suit these s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimex Lectularius
''Cimex lectularius'', or the common bed bug, is a species of Cimicidae. Its primary hosts are humans, and it is one of the world's major "nuisance pests." Although bed bugs can be infected with at least 28 human pathogens, no studies have found that the insects are capable of transmitting any of these to humans. They have been found with methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' (MRSA) and with vancomycin-resistant ''Enterococcus faecium'' (VRE), but the significance of this is still unknown. Investigations into potential transmission of HIV, MRSA, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis E have not shown that bed bugs can spread these diseases. However, there is some evidence that arboviruses may be transmissible. Bed bug bites or cimicosis may lead to a range of skin manifestations from no visible effects to prominent blisters. Effects include skin rashes, psychological effects, and allergic symptoms. Occurrence and distribution ''Cimex lectularius'' is found ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afrocimex Constrictus
''Afrocimex constrictus'', also called the African bat bug, is an insect parasite of Egyptian fruit bats in bat caves in East Africa. Population sizes can comprise millions of individuals and in a cave there can be one to 15 bugs per bat. It was estimated that adult African bat bugs feed approximately once per week thus withdrawing 1-28 microlitre blood per day per bat. As in many other cimicids, ''Afrocimex constrictus'' reproduce through traumatic insemination. During mating, the male pierces the female's abdomen with his genitals, and ejaculates into her body cavity, into a special organ called the spermalege The spermalege (also known as the organ of Berlese or organ of Ribaga) is a special-purpose organ found in female bed bugs that appears to have evolved to mitigate the effects of traumatic insemination. The spermalege has two embryologically distin .... While females do have external genitalia, they are used for egg laying but not for mating.R. L. Usinger, Monograph of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polyctenidae
The Polyctenidae are a rarely collected family of parasitic bugs of the superfamily Cimicoidea. Polyctenidae species or bat bugs are obligate, hematophagous ectoparasites of bats. These insects are not to be confused with cimicid bat bugs, which are members of the family Cimicidae. A significant relationship appears to occur between the family groups and the species of hosts that indicates co-evolution and specialization. Polyctenidae and Cimicidae are considered to be sister taxa. There are currently 32 species of polyctenid bat bugs recognized worldwide belonging to two subfamilies and five genera. Polyctenidae species occur both in the Old World (subfamily Polycteninae) and New World (subfamily Hesperocteninae). Subtaxa *Subfamily Polycteninae: **Genus '' Adroctenes'' ***'' Adroctenes horvathi'' ***'' Adroctenes jordani'' ***'' Adroctenes magnus'' **Genus '' Eoctenes'' ***'' Eoctenes intermedius'' ***'' Eoctenes spasmae'' ***'' Eoctenes sinae'' ***'' Eoctenes ferrisi'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bed Bug
Bed bugs are parasitic insects from the genus ''Cimex'', which are micropredators that haematophagy, feed on blood, usually at night. Their bites can result in a number of health impacts, including skin rashes, psychological effects, and allergy, allergic symptoms. Bed bug bites may lead to skin changes ranging from small areas of redness to prominent blisters. Symptoms may take between minutes to days to appear and Pruritus, itchiness is generally present. Some individuals may feel tired or have a fever. Typically, uncovered areas of the body are affected. Their bites are not known to transmit any infectious disease. Complications may rarely include necrotic, areas of dead skin or vasculitis. Bed bug bites are caused primarily by two species of insects: ''Cimex lectularius'' (the common bed bug) and ''Cimex hemipterus'', found primarily in the tropics. Their size ranges between 1 and 7 mm. They spread by crawling between nearby locations or by being carried within person ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ohio State University
The Ohio State University (Ohio State or OSU) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Columbus, Ohio, United States. A member of the University System of Ohio, it was founded in 1870. It is one of the List of largest United States university campuses by enrollment, largest universities by enrollment in the United States, with nearly 50,000 undergraduate students and nearly 15,000 graduate students. The university consists of sixteen colleges and offers over 400 degree programs at the undergraduate and Graduate school, graduate levels. It is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". the university has an List of colleges and universities in the United States by endowment, endowment of $7.9 billion. Its athletic teams compete in NCAA Division I as the Ohio State Buckeyes as a member of the Big Ten Conference for the majority of fielde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Bat Bug
''Afrocimex constrictus'', also called the African bat bug, is an insect parasite of Egyptian fruit bats in bat caves in East Africa. Population sizes can comprise millions of individuals and in a cave there can be one to 15 bugs per bat. It was estimated that adult African bat bugs feed approximately once per week thus withdrawing 1-28 microlitre blood per day per bat. As in many other cimicids, ''Afrocimex constrictus'' reproduce through traumatic insemination. During mating, the male pierces the female's abdomen with his genitals, and ejaculates into her body cavity, into a special organ called the spermalege The spermalege (also known as the organ of Berlese or organ of Ribaga) is a special-purpose organ found in female bed bugs that appears to have evolved to mitigate the effects of traumatic insemination. The spermalege has two embryologically distin .... While females do have external genitalia, they are used for egg laying but not for mating.R. L. Usinger, Monograph of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Bat Bug
''Cimex adjunctus'', is an ectoparasite found in a wide range of North America. Like other insects in the genus ''Cimex'', ''C. adjunctus'' is a temporary parasite that eats blood. Temporary, meaning that they do not linger on their hosts between meals. ''C. adjunctus'' feed off of many insectivorous bat species. On more than one occasion, these insects have been found on the wings of ''Eptesicus fuscus'' (big brown bat). References Further reading * * Cimicidae Articles created by Qbugbot Insects described in 1939 Hemiptera of North America {{cimicomorpha-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cimicomorpha
The Cimicomorpha are an infraorder of insects in the order Hemiptera, the true bugs. The Rostrum (anatomy), rostrum and other Morphology (biology), morphology of some members apparently is adapted to feeding on animals as their prey or host (biology), hosts. Members include Bed bug, bed bugs, bat bugs, assassin bugs, and pirate bugs. The two infraorders Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha have very similar characteristics, possibly as a result of the evolution of plant feeding. The key similarity that unites the Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha is the loss of the arolia (adhesive pads) on the pretarsi of the insects. These two infraorders comprise 90% of Heteroptera species. These insects are a part of the old, informal classification of “Geocorisae” (land bugs). Among these bugs, parental care has evolved several times. Parental care varies from brooding of the eggs by the female, to a more active form that involves protection of young against predators and the female covering the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
