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Bastion (naval)
A bastion in naval strategy is a heavily defended area of water in which friendly naval forces can operate safely. Typically, that area will be partially enclosed by friendly shoreline, defended by naval mines, monitored by sensors, and heavily patrolled by surface, submarine, and air forces. Soviet and Russian naval bastions The bastion became an important strategy for the ballistic missile submarine fleets of the Soviet Union during the Cold War. The Barents Sea was made a bastion for the Soviet Red Banner Northern Fleet, and the Sea of Okhotsk for the Soviet Pacific Fleet, both of which remain important to the Russian Northern Fleet and the Russian Pacific Fleet. The Soviet Union had (and, even more so, Russia now has) limited access to the world's oceans: her northern coast is ice-bound at least the majority of the year, and access to the Atlantic requires transiting the GIUK gap; much of her eastern coast is also ice-bound and requires moderately close approaches to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naval Strategy
Naval strategy is the planning and conduct of war at sea, the naval equivalent of military strategy on land. Naval strategy, and the related concept of maritime strategy, concerns the overall strategy for achieving victory at sea, including the planning and conduct of campaigns, the movement and disposition of naval forces by which a commander secures the advantage of fighting at a place convenient to themselves, and the deception of the enemy. Naval tactics deal with the execution of plans and manoeuvring of ships or fleets in battle. Principles The great aims of a fleet in war must be to keep the coast of its own country free from attack, to secure the freedom of its trade, and to destroy the enemy's fleet or confine it to port. The first and second of these aims can be attained by the successful achievement of the third – the destruction or paralysis of the hostile fleet. A fleet that secures the freedom of its own communications from attack is said to have command o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strait Of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa. The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between . The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar transit passage, in case of continuous transit. Names and etymology The name comes from the Rock of Gibraltar, which in turn originates from the Arabic (meaning "Tariq's Mount"), named after Tariq ibn Ziyad. It is also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, the Gut (coastal geography), Gut of Gibraltar (although this is mostly archaic), the STROG (STRait Of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kiev-class Aircraft Carrier
The ''Kiev'' class, Soviet designation Project 1143 ''Krechyet'' (gyrfalcon), was the first class of fixed-wing aircraft, fixed-wing aircraft carriers (heavy aircraft cruiser, aviation cruiser in Soviet classification) built in the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy. In addition to its aviation capabilities, the ''Kiev''-class incorporated a large armament of anti-ship cruise missiles, surface to air missile systems, and sonar equipment, making it an aircraft cruiser. The Soviet Union built and commissioned a total of four ''Kiev''-class carriers, which served in the Soviet then Russian Navy, Russian navies between 1975 and 1996. and were sold to China as museum ships, while was Ship breaking, scrapped. The fourth ship, , was sold to the Indian Navy as ''Admiral Gorshkov'' in 2004, and after years of extensive modifications and refurbishment, is in active service as the . Development The ''Kiev''-class carriers were designed as a follow-on to the Moskva-class helicopter carrie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Helicopter Carrier
A helicopter carrier is a type of aircraft carrier whose primary purpose is to operate helicopters. It has a large flight deck that occupies a substantial part of the deck, which can extend the full length of the ship like of the Royal Navy (RN), or extend only partway, usually aft, as in the Soviet Navy's or in the Chinese Navy's Type 0891A. It often also has a hangar deck for the storage and maintenance of rotorwing aircraft. Pure helicopter carriers are difficult to define in the 21st century. The advent of STOVL aircraft such as the Harrier jump jet, and now the F-35, have complicated the classification; the United States Navy's , for instance, carries six to eight Harriers as well as over 20 helicopters. Only smaller carriers unable to operate the Harrier, and older, pre-Harrier-era carriers, can be regarded as true helicopter carriers. In many cases, other carriers, able to operate STOVL aircraft, are classified as "light aircraft carriers". Other vessels, such as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moskva-class Helicopter Carrier
The ''Moskva'' class, Soviet designation Project 1123 ''Kondor'' (condor) and ''S-703'' Project 1123M Kiev, was the first class of operational helicopter carriers ( helicopter cruisers in the Soviet classification) built by the Soviet Union for the Soviet Navy.Jordan, John, 'Soviet Warships 1945 to Present', Revised & Expanded Edition, , Published by Arms & Armour Press (London, UK), 1992 These ships were laid down at Nikolayev South (Shipyard No.444). The lead vessel was launched in 1965 and named (); she entered service two years later. ''Moskva'' was followed by (, which was commissioned in late 1968; there were no further vessels built, reportedly due to the poor handling of the ships in rough seas. Both were conventionally powered. The ''Moskva''s were not true "aircraft carriers" in that they did not carry any fixed-wing aircraft; the air wing was composed entirely of helicopters. They were designed primarily as anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessels, and her weapons an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carrier Strike Group
A carrier strike group (CSG) is a type of carrier battle group of the United States Navy. It is an operational formation composed of roughly 7,500 personnel, usually an aircraft carrier, at least one cruiser, a destroyer Squadron (naval), squadron of at least two destroyers or frigates, and a carrier air wing of 65 to 70 aircraft. A carrier strike group also, on occasion, includes submarines, attached logistics ships and a Replenishment oiler, supply ship. The carrier strike group commander operationally reports to the commander of the United States Navy operating forces organization#Operating forces, numbered fleet, who is operationally responsible for the area of waters in which the carrier strike group is operating. Strike groups comprise a principal element of U.S. power projection capability; a single supercarrier holds enough firepower to rival the air forces of entire nations. Previously referred to as carrier battle groups (a term still used by other nations), they are o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sovremennyy Class Destroyer
The ''Sovremenny'' class, Soviet designation Project 956 ''Sarych'' ( buzzard), is a class of anti-ship and anti-aircraft guided-missile destroyers of the Soviet and later Russian Navy. The ships are named after qualities, with "Sovremenny" translating as "modern" or "contemporary". Most of the ships have been retired from active service and one converted into a museum ship in 2018; as of 2021 three remain in commission with the Russian Navy with several in overhaul. Four modified ships were delivered to the People's Liberation Army Navy, and remain in service. The ''Sovremenny'' class are guided-missile destroyers, primarily tasked with anti-ship warfare, while also providing sea and air defense for warships and transports under escort. The class was designed to complement the s, which were fitted primarily for anti-submarine operations. History The project began in the late 1960s when it was becoming obvious in the Soviet Navy that naval guns still had an important role, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bermuda
Bermuda is a British Overseas Territories, British Overseas Territory in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean. The closest land outside the territory is in the American state of North Carolina, about to the west-northwest. Bermuda is an archipelago consisting of List of islands of Bermuda, 181 islands, although the most significant islands are connected by bridges and appear to form one landmass. It has a land area of . Bermuda has a tropical climate, with warm winters and hot summers. Its climate also exhibits Oceanic climate, oceanic features similar to other coastal areas in the Northern Hemisphere with warm, moist air from the ocean ensuring relatively high humidity and stabilising temperatures. Bermuda is prone to severe weather from Westerlies#Interaction with tropical cyclones, recurving tropical cyclones; however, it receives some protection from a coral reef and its position north of the Main Development Region, which limits the direction and severity of approach ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soviet Submarine K-219
''K-219'' was a Project 667A ''Navaga''-class ballistic missile submarine (NATO reporting name Yankee I) of the Soviet Navy. It carried 16 R-27U liquid-fuel missiles powered by UDMH with nitrogen tetroxide (NTO). ''K-219'' was involved in what has become one of the most controversial submarine incidents during the Cold War on Friday 3 October 1986. The 15-year-old vessel, which was on an otherwise routine Cold War nuclear deterrence patrol in the North Atlantic northeast of Bermuda, suffered an explosion and fire in a missile tube. While underway, a submerged seal in a missile hatch cover failed, allowing high-pressure seawater to enter the missile tube and owing to the pressure differential ruptured the missile fuel tanks, allowing the missile's liquid fuel to mix and ultimately combust. Though there was no official announcement, the Soviet Union claimed the leak was caused by a collision with the submarine . Although ''Augusta'' was operating within the area, both the United ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Walker Spy Ring
Walker or The Walker may refer to: People *Walker (given name) * Walker (surname) * Walker (Brazilian footballer) (born 1982), Brazilian footballer Places In the United States * Walker, Arizona, in Yavapai County *Walker, Mono County, California * Walker, Illinois *Walker, Iowa * Walker, Kansas *Walker, Louisiana *Walker, Michigan *Walker, Minnesota *Walker, Missouri * Walker, West Virginia * Walker, Wisconsin * Walker Brook, a stream in Minnesota * Walker Charcoal Kiln, Arizona *Walker Lake (other), several lakes *Walker Pass, California *Walker River, Nevada *Walker Township (other), several places Other places *Walker, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada *Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne, England *Walker Island (Northern Tasmania), Tasmania, Australia *Walker Island (Southern Tasmania), Tasmania, Australia *Walker Mountains, in Antarctica * Walker (crater), a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon Education *Walker School, historic elementary school building in T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blue-water Navy
A blue-water navy is a Navy, maritime force capable of operating globally, essentially across the deep waters of open oceans. While definitions of what actually constitutes such a force vary, there is a requirement for the ability to exercise Command of the sea, sea control at long range. The term "blue-water navy" is a Maritime geography, maritime geographical term in contrast with "brown-water navy" (littoral waters and near to shore) and "green-water navy" (near to shore and open oceans). The Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency of the United States has defined the blue-water navy as "a maritime force capable of sustained operation across the deep waters of open oceans. A blue-water navy allows a country to power projection, project power far from the home country and usually includes one or more aircraft carriers. Smaller blue-water navies are able to dispatch fewer vessels abroad for shorter periods of time." Attributes In public discourse, blue-water capabili ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
