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Bake House
A bakehouse is a building for baking bread. The term may be used interchangeably with the term "bakery", although the latter commonly includes both production and retail areas. Designated bakehouses can be found in archaeological sites from ancient times, e.g., in Roman forts.''Housesteads Roman Fort - the Grandest Station'', 2014, p. 226/ref> Historically there have been many types of bakehouses: individual, in the backyards of homestead (buildings), homesteads; communal, used by residents of a village or a town, and commercial. Some of them used to be nothing but a huge oven, called ''oven-houses''. Gallery File:2006 Dirmstein-Backhaus.jpg, The Bakehouse (Dirmstein), Germany File:Four a pain maison cornec.jpg, An oven-house (''four a pain maison''), Saint-Rivoal, France File:2007-05-18 Backhaus, Goennern, IMG 8134.jpg, A town bakehouse, Gönnern, Germany File:Four Charlot.jpg, A village bakehouse, Saint-Nicolas-de-Macherin, France See also * Tandoor * Communal oven Refe ...
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Bakery
A bakery is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based baked goods made in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, doughnuts, bagels, Pastry, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also categorized as Coffeehouse, cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises. In some countries, a distinction is made between bakeries, which primarily sell breads, and pâtisseries, which primarily sell sweet baked goods. History Baked goods have been around for thousands of years. The art of baking was very popular during the Roman Empire. It was highly famous art as Roman citizens loved baked goods and demanded them frequently for important occasions such as feasts and weddings. Because of the fame of the art of baking, around 300 BC, baking was introduced as an occupation and respectable profession for Romans. Bakers began to prepare bread at home in an oven, using Flour mill, grist mills to grind grain into flour for their br ...
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Roman Forts
''Castra'' () is a Latin term used during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire for a military 'camp', and ''castrum'' () for a 'fort'. Either could refer to a building or plot of land, used as a fortified military base.. Included is a discussion about the typologies of Roman fortifications. In English usage, ''castrum'' commonly translates to "Roman fort", "Roman camp" and "Roman fortress". Scholastic convention tends to translate ''castrum'' as "fort", "camp", "marching camp" or "fortress". Romans used the term ''castrum'' for different sizes of camps – including large legionary fortresses, smaller forts for cohorts or for auxiliary forces, temporary encampments, and "marching" forts. The diminutive form ''castellum'' was used for fortlets, typically occupied by a detachment of a cohort or a ''centuria''. Etymology ''Castrum'' appears in Oscan and Umbrian, two other Italic languages, suggesting an origin at least as old as Proto-Italic language. Julius Pokorny traces ...
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Housesteads Roman Fort
Housesteads Roman Fort was an auxiliary fort on Hadrian's Wall, at Housesteads, Northumberland, England. It is dramatically positioned on the end of the -long crag of the Whin Sill over which the Wall runs, overlooking sparsely populated hills. It was called the "grandest station" on the Wall and is one of the best-preserved and extensively displayed forts. It was occupied for almost 300 years. It was located west from Carrawburgh fort, east of Great Chesters fort and about north east of the existing fort at Vindolanda on the Stanegate road. The site is now owned by the National Trust and is currently in the care of English Heritage. Finds from the fort can be seen in the site museum, in the museum at Chesters, and in the Great North Museum: Hancock in Newcastle upon Tyne. Name The name of the fort has been given as Vercovicium, Borcovicus, Borcovicium, and Velurtion. An inscription found at Housesteads with the letters VER, is believed to be short for Ver(covicianor ...
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Homestead (buildings)
A homestead is an isolated dwelling, especially a farmhouse, and adjacent outbuildings, typically on a large agricultural holding such as a ranch or Station (Australian agriculture), station. In North America the word "homestead" historically referred to land claimed by a settler or squatter under the Homestead Acts (United States) or the ''Dominion Lands Act'' (Canada). In Old English, the term was used to mean a human settlement, and in Southern Africa the term is used for a Homestead (small African settlement), cluster of several houses normally occupied by a single extended family. In Australia it refers to the owner's house and the associated outbuildings of a pastoral property, known as a Station (Australian agriculture), station. See also * Homestead principle * Homesteading * List of homesteads in Western Australia * List of historic homesteads in Australia * Settlement hierarchy Notes

{{Authority control Farmhouses ...
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Bakehouse (Dirmstein)
The Bakehouse () is a historical bakehouse in Dirmstein, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, designated as an item of the cultural heritage.''Nachrichtliches Verzeichnis der Kulturdenkmäler: Kreis Bad Dürkheim''
(PDF; 1,6 MB), Generaldirektion Kulturelles Erbe Rheinland-Pfalz
''Aus dem Renaissance wird das Backhaus Dirmstein'', '''' newspaper, October 3 2003. In late 1990s, this 300-year building was acquired, restored, and expanded by a

Saint-Rivoal
Saint-Rivoal (; ) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France. Population Inhabitants of Saint-Rivoal are called in French ''Saint-Rivoaliens''. Breton language As of 2010 and previous years, all primary-school children (numbering about 30), attended the bilingual public school, where Breton language is taught alongside French. See also *Communes of the Finistère department *Parc naturel régional d'Armorique The Parc naturel régional d'Armorique (; ), or Armorica Regional Natural Park, is a rural protected area located in Brittany. The park land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean to hilly inland countryside. There are sandy beaches, swamps, rock format ... References External links Official website *Mayors of Finistère Association Communes of Finistère {{Finistère-geo-stub ...
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Saint-Nicolas-de-Macherin
Saint-Nicolas-de-Macherin () is a commune in the Isère department within Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in southeastern France. The area of the commune is 1,060 hectares and the altitude lies between 447 and 952 meters. The town is located 5 km from Voiron, which is the seat of the canton. It is 28 km north-west of Grenoble, 90 km from Lyon, and 510 km from Paris. Population In 2020, the commune had 966 inhabitants, an 8.8% increase since 2009. Housing As of 2020, 89.6% of households live in single-family houses, compared to 10.4% in apartments. 93.5% of housing are main residences, 2.2% are second homes and the rest being vacant. 19% of housing was built before 1919, while 55% was built between 1971 and 2005. Places of interest * Château de Hautefort - the oldest building in the town, now divided into apartments. * Pied Barlet - ruins of the ancient fortress from the 13th century. * Chapel of Hautefort castle * Church of Saint Nicolas, rebuilt between 1 ...
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Tandoor
A tandoor ( or ) is a large vase-shaped oven, usually made of clay. Since antiquity, tandoors have been used to bake unleavened flatbreads, such as roti (as well as leavened ones, such as naan) and to roast meat. Tandoors are predominantly used in India, Pakistan, West Asia, Western Asia, Central Asia, and the Horn of Africa. The standard heating element of a tandoor is an internal charcoal or wood fire, which cooks food with direct heat and smoke. Tandoors can be fully above ground, or partially buried below ground, often reaching over a meter in height/depth. Temperatures in a tandoor can reach , and they are routinely kept lit for extended periods. Therefore, traditional tandoors are usually found in restaurant kitchens. Modern tandoors are often made of metal. Variations, such as tandoors with gas or electric heating elements, are more common for at-home use. Etymology The English word comes from the Hindustani language, Hindustani ''tandūr'', which came from Persian la ...
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Communal Oven
The ''four banal'' (English: common oven) was a feudal institution in medieval France. The feudal lord (French: ''seigneur'') often had, among other banal rights, the duty to provide and the privilege to own all large ovens within his fief, each operated by an oven master or . In exchange, personal ovens were generally outlawed and commoners were thus compelled to use the seigniorial oven to bake their bread. Such use was subject to payment, in kind or money, originally intended merely to cover the costs associated to the construction, maintenance and operation of the oven. Seigniorial ovens were masonry ovens built on the Roman plan and were large enough to hold an entire community's ration of bread. For example, in the hamlet of Nan-sous-Thil (Côte-d'Or, France), the villagers were required to bake their bread at the ''four banal'', as at home they were permitted only a small oven placed under the hood of the chimneypiece, for baking "''gâteau et flan''". Those regulations ...
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Buildings And Structures By Type
A building or edifice is an enclosed structure with a roof, walls and windows, usually standing permanently in one place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for numerous factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the concept, see ''Nonbuilding structure'' for contrast. Buildings serve several societal needs – occupancy, primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical separation of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) from the ''outside'' (a place that may be harsh and harmful at times). buildings have been objects or canvasses of much artistic expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building pract ...
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