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Bacha Posh
Bacha posh (, ) is a practice in Afghanistan in which some families will pick a daughter to live and behave as a boy. This enables the child to behave more freely: attending school, mahram, escorting her sisters in public, and working. The practice is more common among families with a large number of daughters, particularly if there are no sons. Girls raised bacha posh typically resume living as a girl around the time they hit puberty, as it becomes more difficult for them to Passing (gender), pass. Families may choose to raise a daughter bacha posh so that she can earn an income, particularly in the absence of male relatives, to enable her mother and sisters greater freedom of movement, or due to Son preference, preference for a son. Overview In Afghanistan, there is societal pressure for families to have a son to carry on the family name and to inherit the father's property. Families with only daughters or few sons may be stigmatized and seen as weak. In the absence of a son, f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Afghanistan
Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the Durand Line, east and south, Iran to the Afghanistan–Iran border, west, Turkmenistan to the Afghanistan–Turkmenistan border, northwest, Uzbekistan to the Afghanistan–Uzbekistan border, north, Tajikistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, northeast, and China to the Afghanistan–China border, northeast and east. Occupying of land, the country is predominantly mountainous with plains Afghan Turkestan, in the north and Sistan Basin, the southwest, which are separated by the Hindu Kush mountain range. Kabul is the country's capital and largest city. Demographics of Afghanistan, Afghanistan's population is estimated to be between 36 and 50 million. Ancient history of Afghanistan, Human habitation in Afghanistan dates to the Middle Paleolithic era. Popularly referred to as the graveyard of empire ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LGBT In Islam
Within the Muslim world, sentiment towards LGBTQ people varies and has varied between societies and individual Muslims. While colloquial and in many cases '' de facto'' official acceptance of at least some homosexual behavior was commonplace in pre-modern periods, later developments, starting from the 19th century, have created a generally hostile environment for LGBTQ people. Meanwhile, contemporary Islamic jurisprudence generally accepts the possibility for transgender people (''mukhannith''/''mutarajjilah'') to change their gender status, but only after surgery, linking one's gender to biological markers. Trans people are nonetheless confronted with stigma, discrimination, intimidation, and harassment in many Muslim-majority societies. Transgender identities are often considered under the gender binary, although some pre-modern scholars had recognized '' effeminate men'' as a form of third gender, as long as their behaviour was naturally in contrast to their assigned gender ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siddiq Barmak
Siddiq Barmak (, born September 7, 1962) is an Afghan film director and producer. In 2004, Barmak won Best Foreign Language Film at the Golden Globes for his first feature film, '' Osama''. He received an M.A. degree in cinema direction from the Moscow Film Institute (VGIK) in 1987. Osama There is a stylistic echo in ''Osama'' featured in Afghan films by the Iranian Makhmalbaf dynasty. Barmak directed ''Osama'' with significant funding and assistance from Mohsen Makhmalbaf. The Iranian director invested in the film, lending Barmak his Arriflex camera and encouraging him to send the movie to international festivals, which eventually generated further funding from Japanese and Irish producers. Barmak received "UNESCO’s Fellini Silver Medal" for his drama, ''Osama'', in 2003. Afghan Children Education Movement Barmak is also director of the Afghan Children Education Movement (ACEM), an association that promotes literacy, culture and the arts, which was also founded by Makhma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osama (film)
''Osama'' () is a 2003 drama film made in Afghanistan by Siddiq Barmak. The film follows a preteen girl living in Afghanistan under the Taliban regime who disguises herself as a boy, Osama, to support her family. It was the first film to be shot entirely in Afghanistan since 1996, when the Taliban regime banned the creation of all films. , the film was the highest-grossing Afghan film of all time. The film is an international co-production of companies in Afghanistan, the Netherlands, Japan, Ireland, and Iran. Etymology Although the title of the film highlights an allegorical relevance to Osama bin Laden, there is no further similarity. The film takes place during the Taliban regime in Afghanistan, which is especially repressive for women. Plot In Taliban-ruled Afghanistan, women must wear all-enveloping burqas to cover themselves and are banned from working outside the home. This causes difficulty for a family consisting of only an unnamed young girl, her mother, and her grand ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baran (film)
''Baran'' (; literally: ''Rain'') is a 2001 Iranian film directed by Majid Majidi, based on an original script by Majid Majidi. The movie is set during recent times in which there are many Afghan refugees living on the outskirts of Tehran. ''Baran'' won a number of awards both nationally and internationally for the director and writer Majid Majidi. Synopsis It is winter in Tehran. Lateef is 17. He works at a construction site managed by Memar. Lateef prepares and serve tea and food for the workers with whom he frequently quarrels. They come from throughout Iran, but particularly Iranian Azerbaijan. Some are refugees from Afghanistan. They have no identity cards and are employed illegally. When labour inspectors arrive, they must hide. An Afghan worker, Najaf, falls, breaks his leg and is taken to hospital. Soltan, another Afghan, brings in Rahmat, Najaf's son, who is around 14 years old, to replace him. Memar soon realizes that Rahmat is too young and switches the jobs of Rahma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majid Majidi
Majid Majidi () is an Iranian filmmaker and producer. In his films, Majidi has touched on many themes and genres and has won numerous international awards. Biography Born in a Persian middle-class family, he grew up in Tehran and at the age of 14 he started acting in amateur theater groups. He then studied at the Institute of Dramatic Arts in Tehran. After the Iranian Revolution in 1979, his interest in cinema brought him to act in various films, most notably Mohsen Makhmalbaf's ''Boycott'' in 1985. In 1997, Majidi directed '' Children of Heaven'', which was nominated to receive the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. Though it lost to the Italian film ''Life Is Beautiful'' by Roberto Benigni, '' Children of Heaven'' is the first Iranian film to have been nominated by the academy. Majidi has directed several other feature films since ''Children of Heaven'': '' The Color of Paradise'' in 2000, '' Baran'' in 2001, and '' The Willow Tree'' in 2005 (alternative English ti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
In Search Of A Hidden Resistance In Afghanistan''
IN, In or in may refer to: Dans * India (country code IN) * Indiana, United States (postal code IN) * Ingolstadt, Germany (license plate code IN) * In, Russia, a town in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast Businesses and organizations * Independent Network, a UK-based political association * Indiana Northeastern Railroad (Association of American Railroads reporting mark) * Indian Navy, a part of the India military * Infantry, the branch of a military force that fights on foot * IN Groupe, the producer of French official documents * MAT Macedonian Airlines (IATA designator IN) * Nam Air (IATA designator IN) * Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, sometimes abbreviated IN Science and technology * .in, the internet top-level domain of India * Inch (in), a unit of length * Indium, symbol In, a chemical element * Intelligent Network, a telecommunication network standard * Intra-nasal (insufflation), a method of administrating some medications and vaccines * Integrase, a retr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nadia Hashimi
Nadia Hashimi (born December 12, 1977) is a pediatrician, novelist, and a former Democratic congressional candidate for the United States House of Representatives for Maryland's 6th congressional district. Hashimi is the author of three international bestselling novels, ''The Pearl that Broke Its Shell,'' ''When the Moon Is Low, and A House Without Windows.'' Early life Hashimi was born on December 12, 1977, in Queens, New York, to Afghan parents. Her parents immigrated to the United States in the early 70's. Her mother obtained a master's degree in civil engineering in Holland. Her parents intended to return to Afghanistan after a few years, but the country became unsafe as a result of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Nadia Hashimi and her brother were raised in both New Jersey and upstate New York. Education and medical career Hashimi attended Brandeis University in Waltham, Massachusetts, where she obtained degrees in Middle Eastern Studies and Biology. She went on to obta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Rights In Afghanistan
Women's rights in Afghanistan are severely restricted by the Taliban. In 2023, the United Nations termed Afghanistan as the world's most repressive country for women. Since the 2020–2021 U.S. troop withdrawal from Afghanistan, US troops withdrawal from Afghanistan in 2021, the Taliban gradually imposed many restrictions on women's freedom of movement, education, and employment. Women are banned from studying in education in Afghanistan, secondary schools and universities, making Afghanistan the only country to prohibit females from studying beyond the sixth grade. Women are not allowed in parks, gyms, or beauty salons. They are forbidden from going outside for a walk or exercise, from speaking or showing any part of their face or body outside the home, or even from singing or reading from within their own homes if they could be heard by strangers outside. In extreme cases, women have reportedly been subjected to prison rape, gang-rape and torture in Taliban prisons. Women fac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Child Marriage In Afghanistan
According to UNICEF, child marriage is the "formal marriage or informal union before age 18", and it affects more girls than boys. In Afghanistan, up to 57% of girls are married before they are 19. The most common ages for girls to get married are 15 and 16. Factors such as gender dynamics, family structure, cultural, political, and economic perceptions/ideologies all play a role in determining if a girl is married at a young age. The practice of child marriage has been linked to detrimental consequences for girls, such as the inability to obtain an education and skills to work independently. Girls may also suffer physical harm, as their bodies are often not developed for childbirth, resulting in emotional, mental, and physical trauma for both the girl and her child. Laws regarding child marriage Afghan Government Law According to Afghan Civil Law Article 40, "marriage is a contract between a male and female for the establishment of a family." Article 70 sets the legal age ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalization, generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty generalization, faulty, inaccurate, and Belief perseverance, resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they aren't necessarily negative. They may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious. Explicit stereotypes An explicit stereotype is a belief about a group that a person is consciously aware of a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Privilege (social Inequality)
Social privilege is an advantage or entitlement that benefits individuals belonging to certain groups, often to the detriment of others. Privileged groups can be advantaged based on social class, wealth, education, caste, age, height, skin color, physical fitness, nationality, geographic location, cultural differences, ethnic or racial category, gender, gender identity, neurodiversity, physical disability, sexual orientation, religion, and other differentiating factors. Individuals can be privileged in one area, such as education, and not privileged in another area, such as health. The amount of privilege any individual has may change over time, such as when a person becomes disabled, or when a child becomes a young adult. The concept of privilege is generally considered to be a theoretical concept used in a variety of subjects and often linked to social inequality. Privilege is also linked to social and cultural forms of power. It began as an academic concept, but has s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
