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Attacks On Synagogues
The synagogue has often been the site of antisemitic violence and the object of anti-Jewish rhetoric. In early Christian literature, the synagogue was regarded as the foe of the new faith. Violent attacks on synagogues featured prominently in the Nazi German effort to persecute the Jews of Europe. And the destruction of synagogues is also a feature of the activities of various terrorist and Islamist groups. Overview Nineteenth century The 1834 Safed pogrom, involving the mass violence against Jews perpetrated by local Arabs and Druze, featured attacks on local synagogues and the desecration of synagogue ritual objects.Dovid Rossoff''Safed: The Mystical City.''Feldheim Publishers, 1991 pp. 149ff: ''The Druze Massacre of Safed'' Thirteen synagogues, along with an estimated 500 Torah scrolls, were destroyed in the course of the attack. Attacks on Jews hiding in synagogues also took place.Menachem Mendel Baum. ' (Hebrew), Vilnius, 1839. Twentieth century In the twentieth c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synagogue
A synagogue, also called a shul or a temple, is a place of worship for Jews and Samaritans. It is a place for prayer (the main sanctuary and sometimes smaller chapels) where Jews attend religious services or special ceremonies such as weddings, bar and bat mitzvahs, choir performances, and children's plays. They often also have rooms for study, social halls, administrative and charitable offices, classrooms for religious and Hebrew studies, and many places to sit and congregate. They often display commemorative, historic, or modern artwork alongside items of Jewish historical significance or history about the synagogue itself. Synagogues are buildings used for Jewish prayer, study, assembly, and reading of the Torah. The Torah (Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses) is traditionally read in its entirety over a period of a year in weekly portions during services, or in some synagogues on a triennial cycle. However, the edifice of a synagogue as such is not essential for hol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riga
Riga ( ) is the capital, Primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Latvia, largest city of Latvia. Home to 591,882 inhabitants (as of 2025), the city accounts for a third of Latvia's total population. The population of Riga Planning Region, Riga metropolitan area, which stretches beyond the city limits, is estimated at 847,162 (as of 2025). The city lies on the Gulf of Riga at the mouth of the Daugava (river), Daugava river where it meets the Baltic Sea. Riga's territory covers and lies above sea level on a flat and sandy plain. Riga was founded in 1201, and is a former Hanseatic League member. Riga's historical centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted for its Art Nouveau/Jugendstil architecture and 19th century wooden architecture. Riga was the European Capital of Culture in 2014, along with Umeå in Sweden. Riga hosted the 2006 Riga summit, 2006 NATO Summit, the Eurovision Song Contest 2003, the 2013 World Women's Curling Championship, and the 2006 IIHF Wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Synagogue Of Paris
The Grand Synagogue of Paris (, ), generally known as Synagogue de la Victoire (; ) or Grande Synagogue de la Victoire (), is an Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Judaism, Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 44, Rue de la Victoire, in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, ''IXe arrondissement'' of Paris, France. Since its establishment in 1874, the synagogue has served as the official seat of the Chief rabbi#France, chief rabbi of Paris; with the Synagogue de Nazareth previously being the seat. The synagogue building was classified as a ''monument historique'' on July 8, 1993. With a capacity of 1,800 worshippers, it is the second largest synagogue in Europe, after the Dohány Street Synagogue in Budapest. The congregation worships in the Nusach Ashkenaz, Ashkenazi Nusach (Jewish custom), rite. History In the 1800s, the number of Jewish people significantly increased in France, including Paris, as a result of the French Revolution. By 1861 over 30,000 Jews lived in Paris. The e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18th Arrondissement Of Paris
The 18th arrondissement of Paris (''XVIIIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 Arrondissements of Paris, arrondissements, or administrative districts, of Paris, the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as ''dix-huitième''. The arrondissement, known as Butte-Montmartre, is located on the Rive Droite, right bank of the River Seine. It is mostly known for hosting the large hill of Montmartre, which is known for its artistic history, the where Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, and Amedeo Modigliani lived and worked in the early 20th century, the house of music diva Dalida, the Moulin Rouge cabaret, other historic features, and the prominent Basilique du Sacré-Cœur, Paris, Sacré Cœur basilica which sits atop the hill. The 18th arrondissement also contains Goutte d'Or district, which has large numbers of residents of North and sub-Saharan African origins, and which is famous for its market, the marché Barbès, which sells products from Africa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Montmartre Synagogue
The Montmartre Synagogue () is an Orthodox Judaism, Orthodox Judaism, Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on the Rue Sainte-Isaure, in the 18th arrondissement of Paris, ''XV111e arrondissement'' of Paris, France. Since 1904 a small Jewish temple has been functioning at this location. In 1907, baron Edmond de Rothschild contributed to its expansion. During the Second World War, in 1941 the 1941 Paris synagogue attacks, synagogue was damaged by Revolutionary Social Movement, far-right French collaborators.; From 1975 to 2006, Chief Rabbi :fr:Meyer Zini, Meyer Zini served at the synagogue and led the Montmartre community for over thirty years. When he arrived, this Ashkenazi synagogue was sparsely attended, if not nearly abandoned. He revitalized community life, attracted a large congregation, and established a Talmud Torah. His spiritual leadership, characterized by strong Zionist commitment and a central emphasis on the Land of Israel, deeply influenced the community’s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4th Arrondissement Of Paris
The 4th arrondissement of Paris (''IVe arrondissement'') is one of the twenty Arrondissements of Paris, arrondissements of Paris, the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is referred to as ''quatrième''. Along with the 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st, 2nd arrondissement of Paris, 2nd and 3rd arrondissement of Paris, 3rd arrondissements, it is in the first sector of Paris, which maintains a single local government rather than four separate ones. The arrondissement, also known as Hôtel-de-Ville, is situated on the Rive Droite, right bank of the River Seine. It contains the Renaissance-era Hôtel de Ville, Paris, Paris City Hall, rebuilt between 1874 and 1882. It also contains the Renaissance square of Place des Vosges, the overtly modern Centre Georges Pompidou, Pompidou Centre, and the lively southern part of the medieval district of Le Marais, which today is known for being the Gay village, gay district of Paris. (The quieter northern part of Le Marais ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3rd Arrondissement Of Paris
The 3rd arrondissement of Paris (, ) is one of the 20 (districts) of the capital city of France. In spoken French, this arrondissement is colloquially referred to as "" () meaning "the third". Its postal code is 75003. It is governed locally together with the 1st, 2nd and 4th arrondissements, with which it forms the 1st sector of Paris, . The arrondissement, sometimes known as and situated on the right bank of the River Seine, is the smallest in area after the 2nd. It contains the quieter northern part of the medieval district of , while the more lively southern part, notably including the gay district of Paris, is located within the 4th arrondissement. History The oldest surviving private house in Paris, built in 1407, is to be found in the 3rd arrondissement at 51 rue de Montmorency. The ancient Jewish quarter, the '' Pletzl'' (פלעצל, 'little place' in Yiddish), which dates from the 13th century, begins in the eastern part of the 3rd arrondissement and extend ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synagogue De Nazareth
The Synagogue de Nazareth (, "Nazareth Synagogue"), officially ''Synagogue de la rue Nazareth'', is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located on the Rue Notre-Dame-de-Nazareth, in the ''IIIe arrondissement'' of Paris, France. The synagogue is the oldest of the 'great' synagogues of Paris. History In 1810, the Ashkenazi Jews of Paris had two synagogues, one on rue Sainte-Avoye (today: rue du Temple) and another on rue du Chaulme (today: rue des Archives). Expelled from the synagogue on Saint-Avoye by the landlord in 1818, the community bought a plot of land in 1819 situated between 14 rue Neuve-Saint-Laurent (today: rue du Vertbois) and 15 rue Notre-Dame-de-Nazareth. After having received permission from the King, Louis XVIII, through the ordinance of 29 June 1819, the Assembly of the Jews of Paris, construction began under the direction of architect Sandrié de Jouy, and ended in 1822. The synagogue was built to accommodate a congregation of several hundred worship ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th Arrondissement Of Paris
The 16th arrondissement of Paris (; ) is the westernmost of the 20 arrondissements of Paris, the capital city of France. Located on the city's Right Bank, it is adjacent to the 17th and 8th arrondissements to the northeast, as well as to the suburb of Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine to the southwest. Across the Seine are the 7th and 15th arrondissements. Notable sights of the 16th arrondissement include the (at the junction with the 8th and 17th arrondissements) and the , where the stands. This complex is used for three museums and one theatre. Other museums and cultural venues are also located in this arrondissement, including the Louis Vuitton Foundation opened in 2014. With its ornate 19th-century buildings, large avenues, prestigious schools, museums, and various parks, the 16th arrondissement has long been known as one of French high society's favourite places of residence (comparable to London's Kensington and Chelsea or Berlin's Charlottenburg) to such an e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Libérale Israélite De France
The Union Libérale Israélite de France (abbreviated as ULIF), commonly referred to as the rue Copernic synagogue, is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the ''XVIe arrondissement'' of Paris, France. Inaugurated on 1 December 1907, it is the oldest Reform synagogue in France. History The synagogue was founded in 1907 by Rabbi Louis Germain Lévy. 1941 attack The night of October 2-3, 1941 the synagogue was attacked by the Mouvement Social Revolutionnaire. A bomb caused the partial destruction of the edifice of the building. The synagogue was damaged in a Fascist riot in 1941, and was repaired after the war. 1980 attack On October 3, 1980, on the eve of Simchat Torah, a bombing was directed against the synagogue of the ULIF. A bomb hidden in a motorcycle went off outside the synagogue, killing four pedestrians. The bombing was the start of a string of other attacks by terrorists against Jews in Europe. In August 1981, a synagogue in Vienna, Austria, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marais District
The Marais (Le Marais ; "the marsh") is a historic district in Paris, France. It spreads across parts of the 3rd and 4th arrondissements on the Rive Droite, or Right Bank, of the Seine. Having once been an aristocratic district, it is home to many buildings of historic and architectural importance. It lost its status as a fashionable district in the late 18th century, with only minor nobles calling the area home. After the French Revolution, the district fell into disrepair and was abandoned by nobility. After a long period of decay, the district has undergone transformation in recent years and is now once again amongst the more fashionable areas of Paris, known for its art galleries, upscale restaurants and museums. History Paris aristocratic district In 1240, the Knights Templar built a fortified church just outside the walls of Paris, in the northern part of the Marais. Later on, The Temple (also known as the Temple Quarter) had many religious institutions built nea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
