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Artificial Leather
Artificial leather, also called synthetic leather, is a material intended to substitute for leather in upholstery, clothing, footwear, and other uses where a leather-like finish is desired but the actual material is cost prohibitive or unsuitable due to practical or ethical concerns. Artificial leather is known under many names, including ''leatherette'', ''imitation leather'', ''faux leather'', ''Veganism, vegan leather'', ''PU leather'' (polyurethane), and ''pleather''. Uses Artificial leathers are often used in clothing fabrics, furniture upholstery, water craft upholstery, and automotive interiors. One of its primary advantages, especially in cars, is that it requires little maintenance in comparison to leather, and does not crack or fade easily, though the surface of some artificial leathers may rub and wear off with time. Artificial leather made from polyurethane is washable, but varieties made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are not easily cleaned. Fashion Depending on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reproduction Mk VII Gas Mask Bag -11
Reproduction (or procreation or breeding) is the biological process by which new individual organisms – "offspring" – are produced from their "parent" or parents. There are two forms of reproduction: Asexual reproduction, asexual and Sexual reproduction, sexual. In asexual reproduction, an organism can reproduce without the involvement of another organism. Asexual reproduction is not limited to unicellular organism, single-celled organisms. The cloning of an organism is a form of asexual reproduction. By asexual reproduction, an organism creates a genetically similar or identical copy of itself. The evolution of sexual reproduction is a major puzzle for biologists. The two-fold cost of sexual reproduction is that only 50% of organisms reproduce and organisms only pass on 50% of their genes.John Maynard Smith ''The Evolution of Sex'' 1978. Sexual reproduction typically requires the sexual interaction of two specialized reproductive cells, called gametes, which contain half t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DuPont
Dupont, DuPont, Du Pont, duPont, or du Pont may refer to: People * Dupont (surname) Dupont, also spelled as DuPont, duPont, Du Pont, or du Pont is a French surname meaning "of the bridge", historically indicating that the holder of the surname resided near a bridge. , the name was the fourth most popular surname in Belgium, and , i ..., a surname of French origin * Du Pont family, one of the wealthiest families in the United States Companies * DuPont, one of the world's largest chemical companies * Du Pont Motors, a marine engine and automobile manufacturer from 1919 to 1931 * Dupont Brewery, a brewery in Belgium Places in the United States * Dupont, Colorado, an unincorporated community * Du Pont, Georgia, a town * Dupont, Indiana, a town * Dupont, Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, an unincorporated community * Dupont, Ohio, a village * Dupont, Pennsylvania, a borough * Dupont, Tennessee, a community * DuPont, Washington, a city * Dupont, Wisconsin, a town * DuPont ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fabrikoid
Fabrikoid, patented in October 1915, is a brand of artificial leather manufactured by DuPont. Material Fabrikoid consists of cotton cloth coated with pyroxylin (a less nitrated nitrocellulose, dissolved in castor oil, alcohol, benzene and amyl acetate). Fabrikoid has been used for luggage, bookbinding, upholstery and dress trimmings. History In 1910, DuPont purchased Newburgh, New York Newburgh is a City (New York), city in Orange County, New York, United States. With a population of 28,856 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is a principal city of the Kiryas Joel–Poughkeepsie–Newburgh metropolitan area. ...'s Fabrikoid Company. By the 1920s Fabrikoid was used heavily in both automobile seat covers and the tops of convertible automobiles. Gilbert Rohde conducted some of the early experiments on its uses in upholstery. Further reading *Robert Kanigel FAUX REAL: Genuine Leather and 200 Years of Inspired Fakes. Washington D.C.: Joseph Henry Press, 200 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clarino
is a brand name for artificial leather manufactured by Kuraray. It is commonly used in garments, accessories, bags, shoes, furniture, and consumer electronics. Clarino is based on a non-woven fabric composed of synthetic fibers that are intertwined three-dimensionally. During manufacturing, it is microscopically perforated to give it breathability similar to that of natural leather. The material's softness and suppleness arise from the structure of the non-woven fabric's special fibers, superfine fiber construction and tiny cavities. Versions of Clarino are manufactured that simulate suede and top-grain leather. Unlike natural leather, Clarino is washable and retains its softness when wet; it can therefore be higher performance than natural leather in applications where the item may be exposed to water, such as riding saddles. Top-grain leather applications include " patent leather" shoes that retain high gloss without the need for polish. Clarino is made from blended nylo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alcantara (material)
Alcantara is the brand name of a synthetic textile with a soft, suede-like microfibre pile, noted for its durability. Alcantara was developed in the 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto and initially manufactured by the Italian company Alcantara. The term has an Arabic root () and means "the bridge". Alcantara is produced by combining an advanced spinning process (producing very low denier bicomponent " islands-in-the-sea" fiber) and chemical and textile production processes (needle punching, buffing, impregnation, extraction, finishing, dyeing, etc.) which interact with each other. Alcantara is commonly seen in automotive applications,"Automotive applications", Alcantara S.p.A. https://www.alcantara.com/applications/automotive/ as a substitute for leather and vinyl in vehicle interior trim. It is also used in the design, fashion, consumer electronics and marine industries. History The material was developed in the early 1970s by Miyoshi Okamoto, a scientist working for the Japanese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1968 Mercedes Benz W108 Interior Front Seats
Events January–February * January – The I'm Backing Britain campaign starts spontaneously. * January 5 – Prague Spring: Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. * January 10 – John Gorton is sworn in as 19th Prime Minister of Australia, taking over from John McEwen after being elected leader of the Liberal Party the previous day, following the disappearance of Harold Holt. Gorton becomes the only Senator to become Prime Minister, though he immediately transfers to the House of Representatives through the 1968 Higgins by-election in Holt's vacant seat. * January 15 – The 1968 Belice earthquake in Sicily kills 380 and injures around 1,000. * January 21 ** Vietnam War: Battle of Khe Sanh – One of the most publicized and controversial battles of the war begins, ending on April 8. ** 1968 Thule Air Base B-52 crash: A U.S. B-52 Stratofortress crashes in Greenland, discharging 4 nuclear bombs. * January 23 – No ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methylethyl Ketone Oxime
Methylethyl ketone oxime is the organic compound with the formula C2H5C(NOH)CH3. This colourless liquid is the oxime derivative of methyl ethyl ketone. MEKO, as it is called in the paint industry, is used to suppress "skinning" of paints: the formation of a skin on paint before it is used. It is particularly used in alkyd paints. MEKO functions by binding the drying agents, metal salts that catalyze the oxidative crosslinking of drying oils. Once the paint is applied to a surface, MEKO evaporates, thereby allowing the drying process to proceed. Other antiskinning agents have been used, including phenolic antioxidants (E.G butylated hydroxytoluene Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), also known as dibutylhydroxytoluene, is a lipophilic organic compound, chemically a derivative of phenol, that is useful for its antioxidant properties. BHT is widely used to prevent free radical-mediated oxidation ...), but these tend to yellow the paint.J. Bielman "Antiskinning Agents" in "Additive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plant-based Leather
Plant-based leather, also known as vegan leather or eco-leather, is a type of material made from plant-based sources as an alternative to traditional leather, which is typically made from animal hides. Plant-based leather can be made from a variety of sources, including pineapple leaves, mushrooms, corn, apple peels, and recycled plastic. The growing interest in sustainable and environmentally friendly products has led to increased demand for plant-based leather in recent years. Apple leather Apple leather, also known as AppleSkin, is a plant-based leather invented by Alberto Volcan from Bolzano, Italy. Working with waste recycling company, Frumat, and manufacturer, Mabel, Volcan's research on turning waste from the apple industry into usable material began in 2004. The first products made with apple leather were manufactured in 2019, and is most commonly used for small accessories like wallets. One of the leading production companies in Apple leather is OLIVER CO, based in Bermo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dioxins And Dioxin-like Compounds
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are a group of chemical compounds that are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environmental pollutant, environment. They are mostly by-products of burning or various industrial processes or, in the case of dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl, PCBs and polybrominated biphenyl, PBBs, unwanted minor components of intentionally produced mixtures. Some of them are highly toxic, but the toxicity among them varies 30,000-fold. They are grouped together because their mechanism of action is the same. They activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AH receptor), albeit with very different binding affinities, leading to high differences in toxicity and other effects. They include: * Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, Polychlorinated dibenzo''-p-''dioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins. PCDDs are derivatives of dibenzodioxin, dibenzo''-p-''dioxin. There are 75 PCDD congener (chemistry), congeners, differing in the number and location of chlorine atoms, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fossil Fuels
A fossil fuel is a flammable carbon compound- or hydrocarbon-containing material formed naturally in the Earth's crust from the buried remains of prehistoric organisms (animals, plants or microplanktons), a process that occurs within geological formations. Reservoirs of such compound mixtures, such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, can be mining, extracted and combustion, burnt as fuel for human consumption to provide energy for direct use (such as for cooking, heating or lighting), to power heat engines (such as steam engine, steam or internal combustion engines) that can propulsion, propel vehicles, or to electricity generation, generate electricity via steam turbine generators. Some fossil fuels are further petroleum refining processes, refined into derivative (chemistry), derivatives such as kerosene, gasoline and diesel fuel, diesel, or converted into petrochemicals such as polyolefins (plastics), aromatic compound, aromatics and synthetic resins. The origin of fossil fu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phthalate
Phthalates ( ), or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid. They are mainly used as plasticizers, i.e., substances added to plastics to increase their flexibility, transparency, durability, and longevity. They are used primarily to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC). While phthalates are commonly used as plasticizers, not all plasticizers are phthalates. The two terms are specific, unique, and not used interchangeably. Lower-molecular-weight phthalates are typically replaced in many products in the United States, Canada, and European Union over health concerns. They are being replaced by higher molecular-weight phthalates as well as non-phthalic plasticizers. Phthalates are commonly ingested in small quantities via the diet. One of the most commonly known phthalates is bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). In many countries, DEHP is regulated as a toxin, and is banned from use in broad categories of consumer goods, such as cosmetics, children's toys, medical devices, and fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plasticizer
A plasticizer ( UK: plasticiser) is a substance that is added to a material to make it softer and more flexible, to increase its plasticity, to decrease its viscosity, and/or to decrease friction during its handling in manufacture. Plasticizers are commonly added to polymers and plastics such as PVC, either to facilitate the handling of the raw material during fabrication, or to meet the demands of the end product's application. Plasticizers are especially key to the usability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the third most widely used plastic. In the absence of plasticizers, PVC is hard and brittle; with plasticizers, it is suitable for products such as vinyl siding, roofing, vinyl flooring, rain gutters, plumbing, and electric wire insulation/coating. Plasticizers are also often added to concrete formulations to make them more workable and fluid for pouring, thus allowing the water contents to be reduced. Similarly, they are often added to clays, stucco, solid rocket fuel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
