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Anti-submarine Mortar
Anti-submarine mortars are artillery pieces deployed on ships for the purpose of sinking submarines by a direct hit with a small explosive charge. They are often larger versions of the Mortar (weapon), mortar used by infantry and fire a projectile in relatively the same manner. They were created during World War II as a development of the depth charge and work on the same principle. Beginnings Anti-submarine warfare did not become an issue of great concern until World War I, when Germany used submarines in an attempt to strangle British shipping in the Atlantic Ocean and elsewhere. The earliest way to counter a submarine was in the form of depth charges, which were large canisters filled with explosives, rolled off the back of a ship and detonated by a hydrostatic fuze. Depth charges served well throughout World War I but were not without flaws. A ship had to pass directly over a submarine to score an effective hit, and as such, depth charges were dropped in lines instead of mor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squid Mortar
A squid (: squid) is a mollusc with an elongated soft body, large eyes, eight arms, and two tentacles in the orders Myopsida, Oegopsida, and Bathyteuthida (though many other molluscs within the broader Neocoleoidea are also called ''squid'' despite not strictly fitting these criteria). Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle. They are mainly soft-bodied, like octopuses, but have a small internal skeleton in the form of a rod-like gladius or pen, made of chitin. Squid diverged from other cephalopods during the Jurassic and occupy a similar role to teleost fish as open-water predators of similar size and behaviour. They play an important role in the open-water food web. The two long tentacles are used to grab prey and the eight arms to hold and control it. The beak then cuts the food into suitable size chunks for swallowing. Squid are rapid swimmers, moving by jet propulsion, and largely locate their prey by sight. They are amo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spigot Mortar
A mortar today is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded cannon, consisting of a smooth-bore (although some models use a rifled barrel) metal tube fixed to a base plate (to spread out the recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight. Mortars are typically used as indirect fire weapons for close fire support with a variety of ammunition. Historically mortars were heavy siege artillery. Mortars launch explosive shells (technically called bombs) in high arching ballistic trajectories. History Mortars have been used for hundreds of years. The earliest reported use of mortars was in Korea in a 1413 naval battle when Korean gunsmiths developed the ''wan'gu'' (gourd-shaped mortar) (완구, 碗口). The earliest version of the ''wan'gu'' dates back to 1407. Ch'oe Hae-san (1380–1443), the son of Ch'oe Mu-sŏn (1325–1395), is generally credited with inventing the ''wan'gu''. In the Ming dynasty, general Qi Jiguang recorded the use of a mini cannon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-submarine Warfare
Anti-submarine warfare (ASW, or in the older form A/S) is a branch of underwater warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, submarines, or other platforms, to find, track, and deter, damage, or destroy enemy submarines. Such operations are typically carried out to protect friendly shipping and coastal facilities from submarine attacks and to overcome blockades. Successful ASW operations typically involve a combination of sensor and weapon technologies, along with effective deployment strategies and sufficiently trained personnel. Typically, sophisticated sonar equipment is used for first detecting, then classifying, locating, and tracking a target submarine. Sensors are therefore a key element of ASW. Common weapons for attacking submarines include torpedoes and naval mines, which can both be launched from an array of air, surface, and underwater platforms. ASW capabilities are often considered of significant strategic importance, particularly following provocative instanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fairlie Mortar
The Fairlie Mortar was an unsuccessful British anti-submarine mortar design of the early second World War. It projected small anti-submarine bombs simultaneously, ten from each side of the ship's forecastle, each containing of explosive. The Fairlie Mortar was not a success and 'Hedgehog', a spigot mortar projecting 24 small bombs from a platform, eventually became the predominant British ship-borne anti-submarine weapon in the war. Fairlie research establishment The Fairlie Mortar was developed by the Royal Navy's ASDIC-research establishment at Fairlie, North Ayrshire. The research establishment had been established at Portland Harbour on the Dorset coast before the war but was dispersed northwards to escape the fighting and risk of bombing, to the Fife Boatyard in Scotland. The boatyard would provide facilities for ASDIC development and sometimes, with nearby Ardrossan, a base for the trials ship but was not large enough to build ships as a strategic shipyard. As the research ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elma ASW-600
The Elma ASW-600 is an anti-submarine warfare system designed by the Saab Group and used by the Royal Swedish Navy. It is designated in Antiubåts-granatkastarsystemen 83 in Sweden, and was previously called the Elma LLS-920. History The ASW-600 was initially designed in the 1980s. In 2018, the Defence Materiel Administration announced it would be reintroducing the system aboard ''Koster''-class mine countermeasures vessels. Export In 1993, the Swedish Parliamentary Advisory Council on the Export of War Materials approved the export of the ASW-600 to Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, .... References Anti-submarine mortars Saab {{Sweden-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Menon (weapon)
''Menon'' was an anti-submarine mortar used by the Italian Navy during the Cold War. Introduced in 1956, it was used on the and s and s until their retirement in the 1980s. Description The Menon system fired a projectile weighing to a maximum range of . It fired 21 rounds in 70 seconds that covered an area of about .Friedman, p. 434 The initial version consisted of a three-barrel mortar in a rotating, enclosed mounting that was usually positioned forward of the superstructure, but aft of the gun mounts.Archer, p. 230 This was replaced by the K 113 weapon with a single barrel in the same type of mounting, albeit with a fixed elevation The elevation of a geographic location (geography), ''location'' is its height above or below a fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational equipotenti ... of 45°. By varying the gas vent valves in the three powder chambers, the weapon had a range ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom of England, English and Kingdom of Scotland, Scottish kings from the early Middle Ages, medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against Kingdom of France, France. The modern Royal Navy traces its origins to the English Navy of the early 16th century; the oldest of the British Armed Forces, UK's armed services, it is consequently known as the Senior Service. From the early 18th century until the World War II, Second World War, it was the world's most powerful navy. The Royal Navy played a key part in establishing and defending the British Empire, and four Imperial fortress colonies and a string of imperial bases and coaling stations secured the Royal Navy's ability to assert naval superior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Limbo (weapon)
Limbo, or Anti Submarine Mortar Mark 10 (A/S Mk.10), was the final development of the forward-throwing anti-submarine weapon Squid, designed during the Second World War and was developed by the Admiralty Underwater Weapons Establishment in the 1950s. Limbo was installed on the quarterdeck of Royal Navy escort ships from 1955 to the mid-1980s, Australian-built destroyer and s. Limbo was widely employed by the Royal Canadian Navy, being incorporated into all destroyer designs from the late 1950s to the early 1970s, including the , , , and classes and the Type 12 President Class frigates built for the South African Navy in the 1960s. Operation Limbo was loaded and fired automatically with the crew under cover and was stabilised in pitch and roll. The firing distance of the mortars was controlled by opening gas vents; rounds could be fired from . The weapon was linked to the sonar system of the ship, firing on command when the target was in range. The rounds were projected so tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti Submarine Rocket
An anti-submarine rocket is an anti-submarine weapon type deployed on surface warships for the purpose of sinking or damaging submarines by small explosive charges. They are similar to anti-submarine mortar but a comparably more modern system. This type of weapon used rockets instead of Mortar (weapon)#Spigot mortar, spigot mortars to deliver the explosive. History From World War I submarines posed a major threat to surface ships. Which necessitated the development of effective anti-submarine weapons. During World War II, The US developed first anti-submarine rocket Mousetrap (weapon), Mousetrap to replace Hedgehog (weapon), Hedgehog anti-submarine mortar. Both had the common characteristic of throwing multiple depth charges ahead of the attacking vessel, while it was still in sonar contact. After World War II several other countries developed anti-submarine rocket. U.S. developed another system named RUR-4 Weapon Alpha. Norway developed Terne ASW, Terne. The Bofors 375 mm anti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Torpedo
A modern torpedo is an underwater ranged weapon launched above or below the water surface, self-propelled towards a target, with an explosive warhead designed to detonate either on contact with or in proximity to the target. Historically, such a device was called an automotive, automobile, locomotive, or fish torpedo; colloquially, a ''fish''. The term ''torpedo'' originally applied to a variety of devices, most of which would today be called mines. From about 1900, ''torpedo'' has been used strictly to designate a self-propelled underwater explosive device. While the 19th-century battleship had evolved primarily with a view to engagements between armored warships with large-caliber guns, the invention and refinement of torpedoes from the 1860s onwards allowed small torpedo boats and other lighter surface vessels, submarines/submersibles, even improvised fishing boats or frogmen, and later light aircraft, to destroy large ships without the need of large guns, though somet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Squid (weapon)
Squid was a British World War II ship-mounted anti-submarine warfare, anti-submarine weapon. It consisted of a three-barrelled mortar (weapon), mortar which launched depth charges. It replaced the Hedgehog (weapon), Hedgehog system, and was in turn replaced by the Limbo (weapon), Limbo system. Development Ordered directly from the drawing board in 1942, under the auspices of the Directorate of Miscellaneous Weapons Development, this weapon was rushed into service in May 1943 on board HMS Ambuscade (D38), HMS ''Ambuscade''. The first production unit was installed on HMS Hadleigh Castle (K355), HMS ''Hadleigh Castle''; it went on to be installed on 70 frigates and corvettes during the Second World War. The first successful use was by HMS Loch Killin, HMS ''Loch Killin'' on 31 July 1944, when she sank . The system was credited with sinking 17 submarines in 50 attacks over the course of the war - a success ratio of 2.9 to 1. In contrast, out of 5,174 British depth charge attacks in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
