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Anti-Mexican Sentiment
Anti-Mexican sentiment is prejudice, fear, discrimination, xenophobia, racism, or hatred towards Mexico, its people, and their culture. It is most commonly seen in the United States. Its origins in the United States date back to the Mexican and American Wars of Independence and the struggle over the disputed Southwestern territories. That struggle would eventually lead to the Mexican–American War in which the defeat of Mexico caused a great loss of territory. In the 20th century, anti-Mexican sentiment continued to grow after the Zimmermann Telegram, an incident between the Mexican government and the German Empire during World War I. Throughout US history, negative stereotypes have circulated regarding Mexicans and often reflected in film and other media. 1840s–1890s Due to the result of the Texas Revolution (1835-1836) and Texas Annexation (1845), the U.S. inherited the Republic of Texas's border disputes with Mexico, which led to the eruption of the Mexican–A ...
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No Dogs-Negroes-Mexicans - Racist Sign From Deep South - National Civil Rights Museum - Downtown Memphis - Tennessee - USA
No or NO may refer to: Linguistics and symbols * Yes and no, ''Yes'' and ''no'', responses * No, an English determiner in noun phrases * No (kana) (, ), a letter/syllable in Japanese script * No symbol (🚫), the general prohibition sign * Numero sign ( or No.), a typographic symbol for the word "number" * Norwegian language (ISO 639-1 code "no") Places * Niederösterreich (''NÖ''), Lower Austria * Norway (ISO 3166-1 country code NO, internet top level domain .no) * No, Denmark, a village in Denmark * Nō, Niigata, a former town in Japan * No Creek (other), several streams * Lake No, in South Sudan * New Orleans, Louisiana, US or its professional sports teams: ** New Orleans Saints of the National Football League ** New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association * Province of Novara (Piedmonte, Italy), province code NO Arts and entertainment Film and television * No (2012 film), ''No'' (2012 film), a 2012 Chilean film * Nô (film), ''Nô'' (film), a 1998 C ...
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Texas Annexation
The Republic of Texas was annexation, annexed into the United States and Admission to the Union, admitted to the Union as the List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union, 28th state on December 29, 1845. The Republic of Texas Texas Declaration of Independence, declared independence from the Centralist Republic of Mexico, Republic of Mexico on March 2, 1836. It applied for annexation to the United States the same year, but was rejected by the United States Secretary of State, John Forsyth (politician), John Forsyth, under President Andrew Jackson. At that time, the majority of the Texians, Texian population favored the annexation of the Republic by the United States. The leadership of both major U.S. political parties (the History of the Democratic Party (United States), Democrats and the Whig Party (United States), Whigs) opposed the introduction of Texas — a vast slave-holding region — into the volatile political climate of the pro- and anti-slavery sectional con ...
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Texas Ranger Division
The Texas Ranger Division, also known as the Texas Rangers and nicknamed the , is an State bureau of investigation, investigative law enforcement agency with statewide jurisdiction in the U.S. state of Texas, based in the capital city Austin, Texas, Austin. The Texas Rangers have investigated crimes ranging from murder to political corruption, acted in riot control and as detectives, protected the List of governors of Texas, governor of Texas, tracked down fugitives, served as a security force at important state locations, including Alamo Mission, the Alamo, and functioned as a paramilitary force at the service of both the Republic of Texas, Republic (1836–1846) and the State of Texas. Today they also conduct cybercrime investigations, cold case reviews, public corruption probes, and provide tactical support in major emergencies. The Texas Rangers were unofficially created by Stephen F. Austin in a call-to-arms written in 1823. After a decade, on August 10, 1835, Daniel Parker ...
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Thorndale, Texas
Thorndale is a city in Milam County, Texas, Milam County, Texas, United States, with a small section in Williamson County, Texas, Williamson County. The population was 1,263 at the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. It was founded in 1878, approximately three miles west of its present site, and moved to its current site in 1880. History Antonio Gómez, a Mexican-American teenager, was lynched on June 19, 1911, in Thorndale following his lethal stabbing of a German-American garage owner, Charles Zieschang. Concerns about prejudice and violence against Mexican-American youths, such as the Gómez hanging, inspired Jovita Idar to found the League of Mexican Women (La Liga Femenil Mexicanista). Geography Thorndale is located at (30.612549, –97.204523), about 40 miles northeast of Austin, Texas, Austin and 12 miles west of Rockdale, Texas, Rockdale. Most of the city lies in Milam County, with only a small portion in Williamson County. According to the United States Census ...
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Bisbee, Arizona
Bisbee is a city in and the county seat of Cochise County, Arizona, Cochise County in southeastern Arizona, United States. It is southeast of Tucson, Arizona, Tucson and north of the Mexican border. According to the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, the population of the town was 4,923, down from 5,575 in the 2010 census. History Bisbee was founded as a copper, gold, and silver mining town in 1880, and named in honor of Judge DeWitt Bisbee, one of the financial backers of the adjacent Copper Queen Mine. The town was the site of the Bisbee Riot in 1919. In 1929, the county seat was moved from Tombstone, Arizona, Tombstone to Bisbee, where it remains. Mining industry Mining in the Mule Mountains proved quite successful: in the early 20th century the population of Bisbee soared. Incorporated in 1902, by 1910 its population had swelled to 9,019, the third largest in the territory, and it sported a constellation of suburbs, including Warren, Lowell, Arizona, Lowell, and ...
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Bisbee Deportation
The Bisbee Deportation was the illegal kidnapping and deportation of about 1,300 strike action, striking mine workers, their supporters, and citizen bystanders by 2,000 members of a deputized posse comitatus (common law), posse, who arrested them beginning on July 12, 1917, in Bisbee, Arizona. The action was orchestrated by Phelps Dodge, the major mining company in the area, which provided lists of workers and others who were to be arrested to the Cochise County sheriff, Harry C. Wheeler. Those arrested were taken to a local baseball park before being loaded onto Stock car (rail), cattle cars and deported to Luna County, New Mexico, Tres Hermanas in New Mexico. The 16-hour journey was through desert without food and with little water. Once unloaded, the deportees, most without money or transportation, were warned against returning to Bisbee. The US government soon brought in members of the US Army to assist with relocating the deportees to Columbus, New Mexico. As Phelps Dodg ...
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California Gold Rush
The California gold rush (1848–1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden influx of gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy; the sudden population increase allowed California to grow rapidly into statehood in the Compromise of 1850. The gold rush had severe effects on Native Californians and accelerated the Native American population's decline from disease, starvation, and the California genocide. The effects of the gold rush were substantial. Whole indigenous societies were attacked and pushed off their lands by the gold-seekers, nicknamed "forty-niners" (referring to 1849, the peak year for gold rush immigration). Outside of California, the first to arrive were from Oregon, the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii), and Latin America in late 1848. Of the approx ...
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Downieville, California
Downieville is a census-designated place in and the county seat of Sierra County, California, United States. Downieville is on the North Fork of the Yuba River, at an elevation of . The 2020 United States census reported Downieville's population was 290. History Gold was discovered here by Francis Anderson on September 14, 1849. Anderson had joined Phil A. Haven that same year along the North Yuba River. Downieville was founded in late 1849 during the California Gold Rush, in the Northern Mines area. It was first known as "The Forks" for its geographical location at the confluence of the Downie River and North Fork of the Yuba River. It was soon renamed after Major William Downie (1820–1893), the town's founder. Downie was a Scotsman who had led an expedition of nine miners, seven of them African American men, up the North Fork of the Yuba River in the Autumn of 1849. At the present site of the town they struck rich gold, built a log cabin, and settled in to wait out the wint ...
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Josefa Segovia
Josefa Segovia, also known as Juanita or Josefa Loaiza, was a Mexican-American woman who was lynched by hanging in Downieville, California, on July 5, 1851. She is known as the first recorded Mexican woman to be lynched in California.Gutierrez, Margo, and Matt S. Meier. ''Encyclopedia of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement''. Greenwood, 2000. Print. p. 135-136. Josefa is also an important figure in Chicana feminist theory as her case highlights the violence Mexican woman were facing at the time and the resistance against it. Historical background Beginning in 1835, a dispute between Mexican and Anglo migrants was growing over western territories such as California created high racial and gendered tensions which led to the lynching of Josefa. While it was Mexican territory, the Great Migration created a sentiment in the Anglo migrant populations to annex the territory into the USA leading to the Mexican-American War. In 1848, right before the Mexican-American war ende ...
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Tuskegee University
Tuskegee University (Tuskegee or TU; formerly known as the Tuskegee Institute) is a private, historically black land-grant university in Tuskegee, Alabama, United States. It was founded as a normal school for teachers on July 4, 1881, by the Alabama Legislature. The campus was designated as the Tuskegee Institute National Historic Site by the National Park Service in 1974. The university has been home to a number of important African American figures, including founder and first principal/president Booker T. Washington, scientist George Washington Carver, and World War II's Tuskegee Airmen. Tuskegee University offers 43 bachelor's degree programs, including a five-year accredited professional degree program in architecture, 17 master's degree programs, and 5 doctoral degree programs, including the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine. Tuskegee is home to nearly 3,000 students from around the U.S. and over 30 countries. Tuskegee's campus was designed by architect Robert Robin ...
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Mexican Americans
Mexican Americans are Americans of full or partial Mexican descent. In 2022, Mexican Americans comprised 11.2% of the US population and 58.9% of all Hispanic and Latino Americans. In 2019, 71% of Mexican Americans were born in the United States. Mexicans born outside the US make up 53% of the total population of foreign-born Hispanic Americans and 25% of the total foreign-born population. Chicano is a term used by some to describe the unique identity held by Mexican-Americans. The United States is home to the second-largest Mexican community in the world (24% of the entire Mexican-origin population of the world), behind only Mexico. Most Mexican Americans reside in the Southwest, with more than 60% of Mexican Americans living in the states of California and Texas. They have varying degrees of indigenous and European ancestry, with the latter being of mostly Spanish origins. Those of indigenous ancestry descend from one or more of the over 60 indigenous groups in Mexico ( ...
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Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies. In the United States, where the word ''lynching'' likely originated, lynchings of African Americans became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Etymology The origins of the word ''lynch'' are obscure, but it likely originated during the American Revolution. The verb comes from the phrase ''Lynch Law'', a term for a punishment without trial. Two Americans during this era are generally credited for coining the phrase: C ...
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