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Anti-American Conservative
is a term applied in Japan to politically conservative people with anti-American diplomatic or cultural views. Today, most establishment conservatives maintain diplomatic pro-Americanism. Anti-American conservatives are mentioned individually in Japan because conservatives have fewer anti-American views than the political left; Japan's ruling right-wing conservative Liberal Democratic Party is highly pro-American. History Prewar Japan In the Edo period, there was a "''Kokugaku''" to preserve traditional philosophy against Western philosophy inflows, including in the United States. In addition, anti-American conservatism emerged through "'" (農本主義, lit. Agrarianism) and "Pan-Asianism" (アジア主義, lit. Asianism) during the Meiji period. During the prewar Shōwa period, "Ultra-nationalism" (超国家主義, ''chō kokka shugi'', lit. "extreme state-ism") emerged, and to justify Japan's invasion of the Asian region, the cause of "liberating Asia from the West" was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservatism In Japan
Conservatism in Japan () is the dominant ideology of the country's post-war politics, notably through the establishment of the " 1955 System" under the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Since its inception in 1955, the LDP has been a dominant force in Japanese politics, embodying the party's conservative policies and shaping the country's governance for much of the post-war era. Mainstream contemporary Japanese conservatives largely believe in stances such as revising the Constitution and a pro-United States foreign policy, while some hold positions including calls for remilitarization and a stronger foreign policy against communist North Korea and China and sometimes South Korea and Russia. Additionally, radical conservatives express anti-LGBT and anti-immigration sentiments as well as engaging in denial of Japanese war crimes prior to and during World War II. History During the Meiji era (1868–1912), Japan underwent a significant transformation as the country embarked o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sinophile
A Sinophile is a person who demonstrates fondness or strong interest in China, Chinese culture, Chinese history, Chinese politics, and/or Chinese people. Notable Sinophiles Europe France *Louis XIV, a 17th-century French monarch whose Grand Trianon, spread of Chinoiserie, centennial new year bash, and Confucian translations were influenced by Chinese culture. *Voltaire, a 17th-century French philosopher who admired Chinese culture and Confucian thought. Germany *Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, a 17th-century German polymath who loved Chinese culture and studied many aspects of it. Italy * Marco Polo (c. 1254–1324), Italian explorer who was one of the first Europeans to visit China and narrated about the nation in his travelogue, ''The Travels of Marco Polo'' * Matteo Ricci (1552–1610), Italian Jesuit who was the first to translate the Confucian classics into Latin and taught European science to the Emperor and the Chinese literati Russia * Dmitri Mende ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yukio Mishima
Kimitake Hiraoka ( , ''Hiraoka Kimitake''; 14 January 192525 November 1970), known by his pen name Yukio Mishima ( , ''Mishima Yukio''), was a Japanese author, poet, playwright, actor, model, Shintoist, Ultranationalism (Japan), ultranationalist, and the leader of an attempted coup d'état that culminated in his ''seppuku'' (ritual suicide). Mishima is considered one of the most important Postwar Japan, postwar stylists of the Japanese language. He was List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Literature#1960%E2%80%931969, nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times in the 1960s—including in 1968, when the award went to his countryman and benefactor Yasunari Kawabata. Mishima's works include the novels ''Confessions of a Mask'' and ''The Temple of the Golden Pavilion'', and the autobiographical essay ''Sun and Steel (essay), Sun and Steel''. Mishima's work is characterized by "its luxurious vocabulary and decadent metaphors, its fusion of traditional Japanese and mod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tatenokai
The or Shield Society was a private militia in Japan dedicated to traditional Japanese values and veneration of the Emperor. collected in (of that in pp.33–35) It was founded and led by author Yukio Mishima. The private militia was officially founded in 1968 for the purpose of preventing indirect aggression by proponents of foreign ideology seeking to destroy Japanese traditional culture, and protecting the dignity of the Emperor as a symbol of Japan's national identity. The name of Tatenokai comes from two classical '' waka'', one from the 7th century Asuka period and the other from the 19th century Edo period, which express the determination to become a shield to protect the Emperor. Background The Tatenokai was a militia organization that took over from its predecessor, the , which was founded in 1967. The original members were the staff of New Right monthly magazine and several Waseda University students. They had enlisted in the Japan Self-Defense Forces with Yuki ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sonnō Jōi
was a '' yojijukugo'' (four-character compound) phrase used as the rallying cry and slogan of a political movement in Japan in the 1850s and 1860s, during the Bakumatsu period. Based on Neo-Confucianism and Japanese nativism, the movement sought to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate and restore the power of the Emperor of Japan. Etymology ''Sonnō jōi'' is the Japanese reading of the Chinese idiom ''Zunwang Rangyi'' (; "Revere the King, Expel the Barbarians"). During the Spring and Autumn period of China, Chancellor Guan Zhong of Qi initiated a policy known as ''Zunwang Rangyi'', in reference to the Zhou kings. Adopting and adhering to it, Duke Huan of Qi assembled the Chinese feudal lords to strike down the threat of barbarians from China. For it, Confucius himself praised Guan Zhong for the preservation of Chinese civilization through the example of the contrast in the hairstyles and clothing styles between them and barbaric peoples. Through the '' Analects'' of C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nihon Shugi
is a concept in the Japanese language translatable as "system of government", "sovereignty", "national identity, essence and character", "national polity; body politic; national entity; basis for the Emperor's sovereignty; Japanese constitution" or nation. Etymology ''Kokutai'' originated as a Sino-Japanese loanword from Chinese ''guoti'' (; "state political system; national governmental structure"). The Japanese compound word joins and . According to the ''Hanyu Da Cidian'', the oldest ''guoti'' usages are in two Chinese classic texts. The 2nd century BC ''Guliang zhuan'' () to the Spring and Autumn Annals glosses ''dafu'' () as ''guoti'' metaphorically meaning "embodiment of the country". The 1st century AD ''Book of Han'' history of Emperor Cheng of Han used ''guoti'' to mean "laws and governance" of Confucianist officials. Before 1868 The historical origins of ''kokutai'' go back to pre-1868 periods, especially the Edo period ruled by the Tokugawa shogunate (1603–18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Ultranationalist
State ultranationalism (超國家主義 or 超国家主義, ''Chōkokkashugi''; lit. "ultra-statism") or simply ultranationalism (ウルトラナショナリズム, ''Urutoranashonarizumu''), refers mainly to the radical statist movement of the Shōwa period, but it can also refer to extreme Japanese nationalism before and after the Shōwa era. State ultranationalists use the authority of the state/nation (国家) through '' Tennō'' as the focus of public loyalty. Other Ikki Kita's "state socialism" or "national socialism" (国家社会主義) is a representative idea referred to as 超国家主義 in Japan. History Since the Meiji Restoration, Japan's political practice had been dominated by statism/nationalism, and in the early 20th century, the middle and lower classes, led by Ikki Kita, who were dissatisfied with the control of national resources by the elder, important ministers, old and new ''Kazoku'', warlords, ''zaibatsu'', and political parties heads since the Mei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Society For History Textbook Reform
The is a group founded in December 1996 to promote a nationalistic view of the history of Japan. Productions and views The Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform describes their goal as combatting what it sees as masochistic depictions of Japanese history. They argue that textbooks focus too heavily on dark aspects of Japanese history, so as to make Japan solely bear responsibility for the devastation of war. The group also claims that post-war American occupation attempted to mold Japanese perceptions of history so as to prevent the country from becoming a threat to international security again. In 1999 the group set up advertising organizations for their new textbook in each prefecture of Japan and in 2000, along with other nationalist NGOs in Japan, they began lobbying boards of education to adopt the new textbook. Additionally, members of the Liberal Democratic Party set up associations to support the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform. The textbook wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johns Hopkins University Press
Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University. It was founded in 1878 and is the oldest continuously running university press in the United States. The press publishes books and journals, and operates other divisions including fulfillment and electronic databases. Its headquarters are in Charles Village section of Baltimore, Maryland Maryland ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. It borders the states of Virginia to its south, West Virginia to its west, Pennsylvania to its north, and Delaware to its east .... In 2017, after the retirement of Kathleen Keane, who is credited with modernizing JHU Press for the digital age, the university appointed new director Barbara Pope. Overview Daniel Coit Gilman, the first president of Johns Hopkins University, inaugurated the press in 1878. The press began as the university's Public ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tanzan Ishibashi
was a Japanese journalist and politician who served as prime minister of Japan from 1956 to 1957. Born in Tokyo, Ishibashi became a journalist after graduating from Waseda University in 1907. In 1911, he joined the ''Tōyō Keizai Shimpo'' ("Eastern Economic Journal") and served as its editor-in-chief from 1925 to 1946 and president from 1941. In the 1930s, Ishibashi was one of the few critics of Japanese imperialism, and became well-known as a liberal economist. From 1946 to 1947, Ishibashi served as finance minister under Shigeru Yoshida. He was elected into the National Diet in 1947, but was purged for openly opposing the U.S. occupation policies; he returned to the Diet in 1952, after which he allied with Ichiro Hatoyama and served as his minister of international trade and industry. Ishibashi succeeded Hatoyama as prime minister in 1956, simultaneously serving as director of the Defense Agency, but resigned soon after due to ill health. Life Ishibashi was born in the Sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neoliberal
Neoliberalism is a political and economic ideology that advocates for free-market capitalism, which became dominant in policy-making from the late 20th century onward. The term has multiple, competing definitions, and is most often used pejoratively. In scholarly use, the term is often left undefined or used to describe a multitude of phenomena. However, it is primarily employed to delineate the societal transformation resulting from market-based reforms. Neoliberalism originated among European Liberalism, liberal scholars during the 1930s. It emerged as a response to the perceived decline in popularity of classical liberalism, which was seen as giving way to a social liberal desire to control markets. This shift in thinking was shaped by the Great Depression and manifested in policies designed to counter the volatility of free markets. One motivation for the development of policies designed to mitigate the volatility of capitalist free markets was a desire to avoid repeatin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cultural Globalization
Cultural globalization refers to the transmission of ideas, meanings and values around the world in such a way as to extend and intensify social relations.; This process is marked by the common consumption of cultures that have been diffused by the Internet, popular culture media, and international travel. This has added to processes of commodities exchange, commodity exchange and colonization which have a longer history of carrying cultural meaning around the globe. The circulation of cultures enables individuals to partake in extended social relations that cross national and regional borders. The creation and expansion of such social relations is not merely observed on a material level. Cultural globalization involves the formation of shared norms and knowledge with which people associate their individual and collective cultural identities. It brings increasing interconnectedness among different populations and cultures. The idea of cultural globalization emerged in the late 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
