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Amynodontidae
Amynodontidae ("defensive tooth") is a family of extinct perissodactyls related to true rhinoceroses. They are commonly portrayed as semiaquatic hippo-like rhinos but this description only fits members of the Metamynodontini; other groups of amynodonts like the cadurcodontines had more typical ungulate proportions and convergently evolved a tapir-like proboscis. The Greek name of the family describes their tusks, derived from enlarged canine teeth. Odd-toed ungulates are herbivores, so these tusks would have been used either to deter or defend against predators (as suggested by the name) or perhaps in fights among males. Their fossils have been found in North America, and Eurasia ranging in age from the Middle Eocene to the Early Oligocene, with a single genus (''Cadurcotherium'') surviving into the Late Oligocene in South Asia (Pakistan). Taxonomy †Amynodontidae *Subfamily Amynodontinae **Tribe Cadurcodontini ***Genus '' Cadurcodon'' ***Genus '' Lushiamynodon'' ***Genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Metamynodon
''Metamynodon'' is an extinct genus of Amynodontidae, amynodont that lived in North America (White River Fauna) and Asia from the late Eocene until early Oligocene, although the questionable inclusion of ''M. mckinneyi'' could extend their range to the Middle Eocene. The various species were large, displaying a suit of semiaquatic adaptations more similar to those of the modern hippopotamus, despite their closer affinities with rhinoceroses. Taxonomy ''Metamynodon'' is a member of the extinct family Amynodontidae, sometimes called "swamp rhinos" as they were once all believed to be semi-aquatic. It is split into two tribe (biology), tribes: the semi-aquatic Metamynodontini–''Paramynodon'', ''Sellamynodon'', ''Megalamynodon'', and ''Metamynodon''–and the tapir-like Cadurcodontini–''Procadurcodon'', ''Zaisanamynodon'', ''Cadurcodon'', and ''Cadurcotherium''. The Metamynodontini are found across the world, with ''Paramynodon'' from Myanmar, ''Sellamynodon'' from Romania, and ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perissodactyl
Perissodactyla (, ), or odd-toed ungulates, is an order of Ungulate, ungulates. The order includes about 17 living species divided into three Family (biology), families: Equidae (wild horse, horses, Asinus, asses, and zebras), Rhinocerotidae (rhinoceroses), and Tapiridae (tapirs). They typically have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three or one of the five original toes, though tapirs retain four toes on their front feet. The nonweight-bearing toes are either present, absent, Vestigiality, vestigial, or positioned posteriorly. By contrast, Artiodactyl, artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates) bear most of their weight equally on four or two (an even number) of the five toes: their third and fourth toes. Another difference between the two is that perissodactyls digest plant cellulose in their intestines, rather than in one or more stomach chambers as artiodactyls, with the exception of Suina, do. The order was considerably more diverse in the past, with notable extinct groups inclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cadurcodon
''Cadurcodon'' is an extinct genus of amynodont that lived during the Late Eocene to the Oligocene period. Fossils have been found throughout Mongolia and China. It may have sported a tapir-like proboscis A proboscis () is an elongated appendage from the head of an animal, either a vertebrate or an invertebrate. In invertebrates, the term usually refers to tubular arthropod mouthparts, mouthparts used for feeding and sucking. In vertebrates, a pr ... due to the distinct features found in fossil skulls. References Rhinocerotoidea Eocene rhinoceroses Oligocene rhinoceroses Cenozoic mammals of Europe Cenozoic mammals of Asia Prehistoric Perissodactyla Fossil taxa described in 1924 Prehistoric rhinoceroses Prehistoric placental genera {{Paleo-oddtoedungulate-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armania (mammal)
Armania may refer to: * a misspelling of Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ..., a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * ''Armania'' (plant), a synonym for ''Encelia'', a genus of the plant family Asteraceae * ''Armania'' (insect) Dlussky, 1983, a genus of fossil ant-relatives, the type of the family Armaniidae * ''Armania'' (mammal) Gabunia and Dashzeveg 1988, a genus of prehistoric mammals in the family Amynodontidae {{Disambiguation, genus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ungulate
Ungulates ( ) are members of the diverse clade Euungulata ("true ungulates"), which primarily consists of large mammals with Hoof, hooves. Once part of the clade "Ungulata" along with the clade Paenungulata, "Ungulata" has since been determined to be a polyphyletic and thereby invalid clade based on molecular data. As a result, true ungulates had since been reclassified to the newer clade Euungulata in 2001 within the clade Laurasiatheria while Paenungulata has been reclassified to a distant clade Afrotheria. Living ungulates are divided into two orders: Perissodactyla including Equidae, equines, rhinoceroses, and tapirs; and Artiodactyla including Bos, cattle, antelope, Sus (genus), pigs, giraffes, camels, Ovis, sheep, deer, and Hippopotamidae, hippopotamuses, among others. Cetaceans such as Whale, whales, Dolphin, dolphins, and Porpoise, porpoises are also classified as artiodactyls, although they do not have hooves. Most terrestrial ungulates use the hoofed tips of their toes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Extinction
Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and recover. As a species' potential Range (biology), range may be very large, determining this moment is difficult, and is usually done retrospectively. This difficulty leads to phenomena such as Lazarus taxon, Lazarus taxa, where a species presumed extinct abruptly "reappears" (typically in the Fossil, fossil record) after a period of apparent absence. Over five billion species are estimated to have died out. It is estimated that there are currently around 8.7 million species of eukaryotes globally, possibly many times more if microorganisms are included. Notable extinct animal species include Dinosaur, non-avian dinosaurs, Machairodontinae, saber-toothed cats, and mammoths. Through evolution, species arise through the process of specia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Late Oligocene
The Chattian is, in the geologic timescale The geologic time scale or geological time scale (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochron ..., the younger of two age (geology), ages or upper of two stage (stratigraphy), stages of the Oligocene epoch (geology), Epoch/Series (stratigraphy), Series. It spans the time between . The Chattian is preceded by the Rupelian and is followed by the Aquitanian (stage), Aquitanian (the lowest stage of the Miocene). Stratigraphic definition The Chattian was introduced by Austrian palaeontologist Theodor Fuchs in 1894. Fuchs named the stage after the Chatti, a Germanic peoples, Germanic tribe.Berry, Edward W"The Mayence Basin, a Chapter of Geologic History" ''The Scientific Monthly'', Vol. 16, No. 2, February 1923. pp. 114. Retrieved March 18, 2020. The original type locality (geology), type l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
