Albicidin
Albicidin is an antibiotic and phytotoxic molecule produced by the bacterium ''Xanthomonas albilineans'' which infects sugarcane causing leaf scald. As a phytotoxin, it acts by inhibiting the differentiation of chloroplasts. It accomplishes this by inhibiting DNA gyrase DNA gyrase, or simply gyrase, is an enzyme within the class of topoisomerase and is a subclass of Type II topoisomerases that reduces topological strain in an ATP dependent manner while double-stranded DNA is being unwound by elongating RNA-po ..., and thereby preventing the replication of chloroplast DNA. As such it plays a major role in leaf scald disease. As a DNA gyrase inhibitor, albicindin also has potential therapeutic use as an antibiotic. Its antibiotic properties were discovered in the early 1980s, when the molecule was isolated and purified from cultures of ''Xanthomonas albilineans''. However, the precise structure of the molecule was only identified in 2015. A laboratory synthesis of albicidi ...
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