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Al-Shuhada Street
Al-Shuhada Street (, lit. ''Shaheed, Martyr's Street''), nicknamed Apartheid Street by Palestinians and King David Street by Israeli settlers, is a street in the Old City of Hebron. Shuhada Street, the main road leading to the Cave of the Patriarchs, Tomb of the Patriarchs, used to be the central wholesale market of the Hebron region, as its central location to the tomb, and the location of the bus station and police station, made it a natural gathering place. After riots following the February 1994 Cave of the Patriarchs massacre, Israel closed the street for Palestinians. In the early 2000s, in accordance with the Hebron Protocol, the street was reopened to Arab vehicular traffic. The shops, however, remained closed. The street was closed again to Palestinians after violence in the Second Intifada. After the closure of all Palestinian shops, the Palestinian municipal and governmental offices, and the central bus station, which became an Israeli army base, the area of al- ...
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Hebron
Hebron (; , or ; , ) is a Palestinian city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Hebron is capital of the Hebron Governorate, the largest Governorates of Palestine, governorate in the West Bank. With a population of 201,063 in the city limits, the adjacent metropolitan area within the governorate is home to over 700,000 people. Hebron spans across an area of . It is the List of cities in Palestine, third largest city in the country after Gaza City, Gaza and East Jerusalem. The city is often considered one of the Four Holy Cities, four holy cities in Judaism as well as in Islam and Christianity. It is considered one of the oldest cities in the Levant. According to the Bible, Abraham settled in Hebron and bought the Cave of the Patriarchs as burial place for his wife Sarah. Biblical tradition holds that the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, along with their wives Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah, were buried in the cave. The city is also recognized in the Bible as the ...
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Civil Administration
Civil authority or civil government is the practical implementation of a state on behalf of its citizens, other than through military units (martial law), that enforces law and order and that is distinguished from religious authority (for example, canon law) and secular authority. The enforcement of law and order is typically the role of the police in modern states. History Among the first modern experiments in civil government took place in 1636 when Roger Williams, a Christian minister, founded the colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. He sought to create a " wall of separation" between church and state to prevent corruption of the church and maintain civil order as expounded upon in his 1644 book, '' Bloudy Tenent of Persecution''.James Emanuel Ernst, Roger Williams, ''New England Firebrand'' (Macmillan Co., Rhode Island, 1932), pg. 24/ref> Types of authority Thus four forms of authority may be seen: *Civil authority * Military government, Military authority *Rel ...
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Hebron In The Israeli–Palestinian Conflict
Hebron (; , or ; , ) is a Palestinian city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Hebron is capital of the Hebron Governorate, the largest governorate in the West Bank. With a population of 201,063 in the city limits, the adjacent metropolitan area within the governorate is home to over 700,000 people. Hebron spans across an area of . It is the third largest city in the country after Gaza and East Jerusalem. The city is often considered one of the four holy cities in Judaism as well as in Islam and Christianity. It is considered one of the oldest cities in the Levant. According to the Bible, Abraham settled in Hebron and bought the Cave of the Patriarchs as burial place for his wife Sarah. Biblical tradition holds that the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, along with their wives Sarah, Rebecca, and Leah, were buried in the cave. The city is also recognized in the Bible as the place where David was anointed king of Israel. Following the Babylonian captivity, ...
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Ayelet Waldman
Ayelet Waldman (; born December 11, 1964) is an Israeli-American novelist and essayist. She has written seven mystery novels in the series ''The Mommy-Track Mysteries'' and four other novels. She has also written autobiographical essays about motherhood. Waldman spent three years working as a federal public defender and her fiction draws on her experience as a lawyer. Biography Ayelet Waldman was born in Jerusalem. Her grandparents on both sides were Jewish immigrants to North America from Ukraine early in the 20th century.Wilensky, Sheila"Connections speaker is an engaging, witty chronicler of women's lives", ''Jewish Tucson'', February 12, 210. Retrieved August 27, 2010. Her father, Leonard, was from Montreal, Canada, but was living in Israel when he met her mother, Ricki. After they married, they moved to Jerusalem.Espinoza, Galin"Author, Author" ''People'', December 16, 2002. Retrieved August 25, 2010. After the Six-Day War in 1967, the family moved back to Montreal, then Rhod ...
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Israeli Military Order
An Israeli Military Order is a general order issued by an Israeli military commander over territory under Israeli military occupation. It has the force of law. Enforcement of such orders is carried out by Israeli military police and military courts instead of civil courts. Military Orders are still a basic instrument of Israeli rule of the Palestinian population in Area B and Area C of the West Bank. In contrast, Israeli civilians living in settlements in the area are usually subjected to civil courts. Palestinians living in Area A of the West Bank, under full control of the Palestinian Authority, are now mostly subject to its laws and civil jurisdiction. Between the beginning of the Israeli occupation of the West Bank in 1967 and the establishment of the Palestinian Authority under the Oslo Accords in 1994, military orders were issued "in a constant stream," covering both criminal and civil matters as well as security and military matters.Brown, Nathan (2003) Palestinian ...
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Worshippers Way
Worshippers Way or Prayers Road in Hebron, West Bank is a road linking the Israeli settlement of Kiryat Arba with the Cave of the Patriarchs and with the Jewish settlements in Hebron. The road is used by Israelis and tourists who visit the Cave and the Old City of Hebron. Palestinians are denied vehicular use of the road. The road was expanded after an ambush near Kiryat Arba that took place in November 2002. The expansion required that adjacent Palestinian land be expropriated, which resulted in a legal battle. A number of buildings of architectural and historical value, dating back to the Mamluk-Ottoman period, were also expropriated and destroyed. Names The Worshippers route has been given numerous names, such as "Worshipper's Way", "Worshipers' Way", "Worshippers' Path", etcetera. Before the Israeli High Court the route was called "prayers' path"
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5 Broken Cameras
''5 Broken Cameras'' (; ) is a 94-minute documentary film co-directed by Palestinian Emad Burnat and Israeli Guy Davidi. It was shown at film festivals in 2011 and placed in general release by Kino Lorber in 2012. ''5 Broken Cameras'' is a first-hand account of protests in Bil'in, a West Bank village affected by the Israeli West Bank barrier. The documentary was shot almost entirely by Palestinian farmer Emad Burnat, who bought his first camera in 2005 to record the birth of his youngest son. In 2009 Israeli co-director Guy Davidi joined the project. Structured around the destruction of Burnat's cameras, the filmmakers' collaboration follows one family's evolution over five years of turmoil. The film won a 2012 Sundance Film Festival award, it won the Golden Apricot at the 2012 Yerevan International Film Festival, Armenia, for Best Documentary Film, won the 2013 International Emmy Award, and was nominated for a 2013 Academy Award. Synopsis When his fourth son, Gibreel, is born i ...
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Bil'in
Bil'in () is a Palestinian village located in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate, west of the city of Ramallah in the central West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Bil'in had a population of 2,137 in 2017. In the 2000s, it was known for its regular protests against Israeli occupation. Etymology Bilʽīn derives from Canaanite/Hebrew ba'lin ( ba'als), with switching of consonants. Conder proposed identifying Bil'in with the biblical ''Ba'alath'', whereas Avi-Yonah suggested it could be ''Ba'alah'', a place mentioned in the Talmud. However, Finkelstein and Lederman dismissed both possibilities based on their findings. History Potsherds from the Hellenistic, Byzantine, Crusader/Ayyubid, and Mamluk periods have been found here.Finkelstein, 1997, p. 157 Conder proposed identifying Bil'in with the biblical ''Ba'alath'', whereas Avi-Yonah suggested it could be ''Ba'alah'', a place mentioned in the Talmud. However, Finkelstein and Lederm ...
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The Daily Star (Lebanon)
''The Daily Star'' was an English-language newspaper in Lebanon which was distributed across the Middle East. It was founded by Kamel Mrowa in 1952, ceased its print format in February 2020, and completely closed on 31 October 2021. History The paper was founded in 1952 by Kamel Mrowa, the publisher of the Arabic daily ''Al-Hayat'', to serve the growing number of expatriates brought by the oil industry. ''The Daily Star'' was established as an English supplement of ''Al-Hayat''. First circulating in Lebanon and then expanding throughout the region, ''The Daily Star'' not only relayed news about foreign workers' home countries, but also served to keep them informed about the region. By the 1960s, it was the leading English language newspaper in the Middle East. Upon the death of Mrowa in 1966, his widow Salma El Bissar took over the paper, running it until the outbreak of the Lebanese Civil War forced the suspension of publication. With peace hopes running high in the beginning ...
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Issa Amro
Issa Amro (Arabic: عيسى عمرو; April 13, 1980) is a Palestinian activist based in Hebron, West Bank. He is the co-founder and former coordinator (2007–2018) of the grassroots group Youth Against Settlements. Amro advocates the use of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience to fight the Israeli Occupation of the Palestinian Territories.In Hebron, A City Hit Hard By Violence, A Palestinian Preaches Nonviolence
National Public Radio. January 10, 2016

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Youth Against Settlements
Youth against Settlements (YAS) is a non-violent Palestinian activist group based in Hebron. YAS organizes peaceful actions against the Israeli occupation of Palestine through non-violent popular struggle and civil disobedience. The group is represented as NGO in the United Nations Human Rights Council. Organization Since 2012, ''Youth against Settlements'' has been coordinated by Issa Amro. In March 2014, Amro gave a presentation at the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) in Geneva. In October 2024, Amro and YAS were distinguished with the Swedish Right Livelihood Award, "for their steadfast nonviolent resistance to Israel’s illegal occupation, promoting Palestinian civic action through peaceful means." Activities ''Youth Against Settlements'' (YAS) has been leading the Open Shuhada Street Campaign (OSC), a global campaign to re-open Shuhada Street. Besides the international ''Annual Open Shuhada Street demonstrations'', YAS also organizes the weekly protests ...
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Open Shuhada Street Demo 2010
Open or OPEN may refer to: Music * Open (band), Australian pop/rock band * The Open (band), English indie rock band * ''Open'' (Blues Image album), 1969 * ''Open'' (Gerd Dudek, Buschi Niebergall, and Edward Vesala album), 1979 * ''Open'' (Gotthard album), 1999 * ''Open'' (Cowboy Junkies album), 2001 * ''Open'' (YFriday album), 2001 * ''Open'' (Shaznay Lewis album), 2004 * ''Open'' (Jon Anderson EP), 2011 * ''Open'' (Stick Men album), 2012 * ''Open'' (The Necks album), 2013 * Open (Kwon Eun-bi EP), 2021 * ''Open'', a 1967 album by Julie Driscoll, Brian Auger and the Trinity * ''Open'', a 1979 album by Steve Hillage * "Open" (Queensrÿche song) * "Open" (Mýa song) * "Open", the first song on The Cure album ''Wish'' Literature * ''Open'' (Mexican magazine), a lifestyle Mexican publication * ''Open'' (Indian magazine), an Indian weekly English language magazine featuring current affairs * ''OPEN'' (North Dakota magazine), an out-of-print magazine that was printed in ...
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