|
Al-Muqtadi
Abū'l-Qasim ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im (Arabic: أبو القاسم عبد الله بن محمد بن القائم) better known by his regnal name al-Muqtadi (Arabic: المقتدي 'the follower'; 1056 – February 1094) was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1075 to 1094. He succeeded his grandfather caliph al-Qa'im in 1075 as the twenty-seventh Abbasid caliph. Biography He was born to Muhammad Dhakirat, the son of caliph Al-Qa'im, and an Armenian slave girl named Urjuman. His full name was ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im and his Kunya was Abū'l-Qasim. He was born in 24 July 1056. When al-Qa'im was on his deathbed in 1075, Fakhr ad-Dawla took charge of his personal care - al-Qa'im did not want bloodletting but Fakhr ad-Dawla had it done anyway. Before he died, al-Qa'im advised his grandson and successor al-Muqtadi to keep the Banu Jahir in their position: ''"I have not seen better persons for the ''dawla'' than Ibn Jahir and his son; do not tur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Abbasid Caliphs
The Abbasid caliphs were the holders of the Islamic title of caliph who were members of the Abbasid dynasty, a branch of the Quraysh tribe descended from the uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The family came to power in the Abbasid Revolution in 748–750, supplanting the Umayyad Caliphate. They were the rulers of the Abbasid Caliphate, as well as the generally recognized ecumenical heads of Islam, until the 10th century, when the Shi'a Fatimid Caliphate (established in 909) and the Caliphate of Córdoba (established in 929) challenged their primacy. The political decline of the Abbasids had begun earlier, during the Anarchy at Samarra (861–870), which accelerated the fragmentation of the Muslim world into autonomous dynasties. The caliphs lost their temporal power in 936–946, first to a series of military strongmen and then to the Shi'a Buyid dynasty, Buyid Amir al-umara, Emirs that seized control of Baghdad; the Buyids were in turn replac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Caliphs
A caliph is the religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and widely recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic History, Islamic history. The first caliphate, the Rashidun Caliphate, was ruled by the four Rashidun, Rashidun caliphs (, ), Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali, who are considered by Sunni muslims, Sunni Muslims to have been the most virtuous and pure caliphs. They were chosen by popular acclamation or by a small committee, in contrast with the following caliphates, which were mostly hereditary. On the other hand, Shiites only recognise Ali and consider the first three caliphs to be usurpers. The Rashidun caliphate ended with the First Fitna, which transferred authority to the Umayyad dynasty that presided over the Umayyad Caliphate, the largest caliphate and the last one to actively rule the entire Muslim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasid Dynasty
The Abbasid dynasty or Abbasids () were an Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided into three main periods: Early Abbasid era (750–861), Middle Abbasid era (861–936) and Later Abbasid era (936–1258). A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate (1261–1517) until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire. Ancestry The Abbasids descended from Abbas, one of Muhammad's companions (as well as his uncle) and one of the early Qur'an scholars. Therefore, their roots trace back to Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf and also Adnan in the following line: Al-‘Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusai ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ay ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik ibn An-Nadr ibn Kinanah ibn Khuzaima ibn Mudrikah ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma'add ibn Ad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sifri Khatun
Sifri Khatun () () was a Seljuk dynasty, Seljuk princess, daughter of sultan Alp Arslan (r. 1063–1072), sister of Malik Shah I, Malik-Shah I (r. 1072–1092) and the first wife of Abbasid dynasty, Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadi (r. 1075–1094). Biography One of Alp Arslan's wives in the Seljuk harem was Safariyya Khatun. She had a daughter, Sifri Khatun. Her mother, Safariyya died in Isfahan in 1073–4. Sifri Khatun in 1071–72, married Abbasid dynasty, Abbasid caliph Al-Muqtadi. In 1071–72 the grandfather of al-Muqtadi, Al-Qa'im sent his vazir Ibn Al-Jahir to ask her hand in marriage, to which demand the Sultan agreed. She married Abdallah ibn Muhammad (future ''Al-Muqtadi'') and the marriage was consummated shortly after the marriage. This marriage was politically important for the caliph because it gives him a power over Seljuk territories. As the ruling caliph was also related to ruling Seljuk sultan though marriage. However, Her father, Alp Arslan died shortly after her m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Qa'im (Abbasid Caliph At Baghdad)
Abū Ja'far Abdallah ibn Aḥmad al-Qādir (), better known by his regnal name al-Qā'im bi-amri 'llāh () or simply as al-Qā'im; 8 November 1001 – 3 April 1075), was the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad from 1031 to 1075. He was the son of the previous caliph, al-Qadir. Al-Qa'im's reign coincided with the end of the Buyid dynasty's dominance of the caliphate and the rise of the Seljuk dynasty. Early life Al-Qa'im was born on 8 November 1001. He was the son of Abbasid caliph al-Qadir ( r. 991–1031) and his concubine named Qatr al-Nada (died 1060), an Armenian or Greek, also known as Alam. His father, Al-Qadir had publicly proclaimed his just nine-year-old son Muhammad (elder brother of Al-Qa'im) as heir apparent, with the title of al-Ghalib Bi'llah, in 1001. However, Muhammad died before his father and never ascended to the throne. In 1030, al-Qadir named his son ''Abu Ja'far'', the future Al-Qa'im, as his heir, a decision taken completely independently of the Buyid emirs. Al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Mustazhir
Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Abdallah al-Muqtadi () usually known simply by his regnal name Al-Mustazhir billah () (b. April/May 1078 – 6 August 1118 d.) was the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 1094 to 1118. He succeeded his father al-Muqtadi as the Caliph. The main and important events during his reign are; appearance of the First Crusade in Western Syria, Muslim protest in Baghdad against crusaders, his efforts to help Mawdud to organize several expeditions to reconquer lands from the Crusaders. Biography Al-Mustazhir's father was caliph Al-Muqtadi. His mother was Tayf al-Khayal, a Turkish concubine. He was born in 1078 (the 5th Islamic century). Al-Mustazhir's full name was Ahmad ibn Abdallah al-Muqtadi and his kunya was ''Abu'l-Abbas''. When his father died on 3 February 1094 at the age of 37 – 38. Al-Mustazhir succeeded him. At the time of accession to the throne, he was just sixteen years old. Amid ad-Dawla would remain Abbasid vizier until 1099 or 1100, when he was remo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mah-i Mulk Khatun
Mah-i Mulk Khatun (, also Mah Melek Hatun) was a Seljuk princess, daughter of sultan Malik Shah, sister of sultan Mahmud I and the second wife of Abbasid caliph Al-Muqtadi. Biography Mah-i Mulk Khatun was one of Malik Shah's daughters, her mother was Terken Khatun, She married Abbasid Caliph al-Muqtadi in 1082. In 1082, the caliph sent Fakhr ad-Dawla to Isfahan, laden with gifts and over 20,000 dinars, to negotiate marriage with Malik-Shah's daughter. Malik-Shah was grieving the death of his son Da'ud and did not take part in the negotiations; rather, Fakhr ad-Dawla went to Nizam al-Mulk. The two worked together this time; they went to the princess's mother, Terken Khatun, to make their request. She was disinterested at first because the Ghaznavid ruler had made a better offer: 100,000 dinars. Arslan Khatun, who had been married to al-Qa'im, told her that a marriage with the caliph would be more prestigious, and that she should not be asking the caliph for more money. Eventuall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Ibn Al-Qa'im
Muhammad ibn al-Qa'im () also known as Muhammad Dhakirat was an Abbasid prince, son of Abbasid caliph Al-Qa'im. He was designated as heir apparent by his father in the mid-eleventh century CE but died before his father. Biography Muhammad was the son of Abbasid caliph Al-Qa'im who reigned from 1031 to 1075 and the grandson of caliph al-Qadir. His full name was Muhammad ibn Abu Ja'far al-Qa'im ibn Ahmad al-Qadir. He was known in Baghdad as Muhammad Dhakirat. In 1030, his grandfather, al-Qadir named his son Abu Ja'far al-Qa'im, as his heir, a decision taken completely independently of the Buyīd emirs. During the first half of al-Qa'im's long reign, hardly a day passed in the capital without turmoil. Frequently the city was left without a ruler; the Buyīd emir was often forced to flee the capital. While the Seljuk influence grew, Dawud Chaghri Beg married his daughter, Khadija Arslan Khatun, to al-Qa'im in 1056. His father, al-Qa'im nominated him heir apparent in mid eleven ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fakhr Ad-Dawla Ibn Jahir
Fakhr ad-Dawla Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Jahīr, also called Fakhr ad-Dawla, Ibn Jahir, or Fakhr ad-Dawla ibn Jahir, (1007-1090) was an 11th-century government official who served 5 different dynasties, most notably as Vizier (Abbasid Caliphate), vizier under the Abbasid dynasty, Abbasids and later as a provincial governor under the Seljuk Empire. He was the founder of the Banu Jahir political dynasty. Early life and career Fakhr ad-Dawla was born in Mosul in 1007, into a rich merchant family. According to Ibn Khallikan, he was a descendant of the Banu Tha'labah. He originally went into service for the Uqaylid dynasty that ruled Mosul at the time before leaving after the death of Qirwash ibn al-Muqallad in 1049. He went to Aleppo, where he at one point became vizier for the Mirdasid emir Mu'izz ad-Dawla Thimal, before eventually joining the court of the Marwanids (Diyar Bakr), Marwanids in Mayyafariqin (possibly around 1054). He was vizier for the Marwanid ruler N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. After overthrowing the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH), they ruled as caliphs based in modern-day Iraq, with Baghdad being their capital for most of their history. The Abbasid Revolution had its origins and first successes in the easterly region of Khurasan, far from the Levantine center of Umayyad influence. The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad as the new capital. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, arts, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. By housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gohar-A'in
Sa'd ad-Dawla Gohar-Ā'īn (died 1100) was an 11th-century Turkic eunuch mamluk who served as a government official, diplomat, and military commander for the Seljuk Empire. The name "Gohar-Ā'īn" means "jewel-mirror". Medieval authors had differing opinions about him – Ibn al-Jawzi spoke highly of him, praising "his capability, clear view, and leadership of the army" as well as his "piousness, uprightness and justice". Ibn al-Athir also had a positive opinion of him, saying he "did not take anything for himself from the people of his ''wilaya''". Bundari, on the other hand, spoke negatively of him, calling him "cunning like a dog, something like a beast, a man without penis, a woman without vagina". Life Early in life, Gohar-A'in was a mamluk under the Buyid amir Abu Kalijar, who he accompanied to Baghdad in 1044. Later he was in the service of Abu Kalijar's son Malik ar-Rahim when he was imprisoned at Tabarik near Rayy by the Seljuk sultan Tughril. After Malik ar-Rahim's death ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
