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Al-Ashrafiyya
Al-Ashrafiyya (), was a Palestinian Arab village in the District of Baysan. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine. It was located 4.5 km southwest of Baysan. The village was depopulated on May 12, 1948, during Operation Gideon. The village was completely destroyed and the inhabitants fled to Jordan. History Just east of the village site, (at 196/208) pottery remains from the Byzantine era have been found, together with coins dating to the time of Justinian I (527–565 C.E.). British Mandate era In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the Mandatory Palestine authorities, ''Ashrafiyet Kuzma'' had 29 inhabitant; 27 Muslims and 2 Christians, while ''Ashrafiyet Rushdi'' had 7 Muslims; a total of 36 inhabitants. The 2 Christians were Roman Catholics. In the 1931 census there were 4 villages named Ashrafiyat, where ''Ashrafiyat Kazma'' had 123 Muslims and 2 Christians in a total of 34 houses, while the three others were al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farwana
Farwana (), was a Palestinian people, Palestinian village, located south of Bet Shean, Bisan, depopulated in 1948. History and archaeology Identification and periods of settlement The Tell (archaeology), tell, or archaeological mound, of Tell es-Sarem (Arabic language, Arabic name) or Tel Rehov (Hebrew name) is located on the former village's lands. The tell, which stands about 800 metres southeast of the village site, has been identified with the ancient Canaanite and Israelite city of Tel Rehov, Rehov. It was one of the largest cities in the region during the Late Bronze Age (1550–1200 BCE) and Iron Age I-IIA (1200–900 BCE). During the Late Bronze Age, Ancient Egypt, Egypt ruled over Canaan, and in this time period Rehov was mentioned in at least three sources dated between the 15th-13th century BCE, and again in the Bubastite Portal, list of conquests of Pharaoh Shoshenq I, whose campaign took place around 925 BCE. During the Byzantine period, a Jewish town that preserv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shluhot
Shluhot (, lit. "Branches") is an Orthodox kibbutz in the Beit She'an Valley in northern Israel. Located about three kilometres south of the city of Beit She'an, it falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. In it had a population of . History Shluhot was founded in 1948 by former members of the Bnei Akiva Zionist youth movement on the land that had belonged to the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Ashrafiyya. Initially, a temporary camp was set up along with a group from the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement. After each group was assigned land for a kibbutz, the secular group members founded Reshafim. Kibbutz Shluhot is one of four religious kibbutzim located in a cluster south of Beit She'an, from Shluhot at the base of Mount Gilboa, Ein HaNatziv and Sde Eliyahu to Tirat Zvi adjacent to the Jordan River. In 2007 Shluhot began to host a special needs school, Kulanu Academy, which teaches special needs children skills for adulthood and takes them ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baysan Subdistrict
The Beisan Subdistrict (; ) was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was located around the city of Baysan. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict disintegrated; most of it became part of Israel, and has been merged with the neighboring Nazareth Subdistrict to from the modern-day Jezre'el County. The southernmost parts, however, fell within the modern-day West Bank - because of that, they were first occupied and unilaterally annexed by Jordan, and were later occupied by Israel following the Six-day War. Depopulated towns and villages * Arab al-'Arida * Arab al-Bawati * Arab al-Safa * al-Ashrafiyya * Al-Bira * Beisan * Danna * Farwana * al-Fatur * al-Ghazzawiyya * al-Hamidiyya * Al-Hamra * Jabbul * Kafra * Kawkab al-Hawa * al-Khunayzir * Masil al-Jizl * al-Murassas * Qumya * al-Sakhina * al-Samiriyya * Sirin * Tall al-Shawk * Khirbat Al-Taqa * al-Tira * Umm 'Ajra Umm 'Ajra (), was a Palestinian Arab village in the District of Baysa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sheluhot
Shluhot (, lit. "Branches") is an Orthodox kibbutz in the Beit She'an Valley in northern Israel. Located about three kilometres south of the city of Beit She'an, it falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. In it had a population of . History Shluhot was founded in 1948 by former members of the Bnei Akiva Zionist youth movement on the land that had belonged to the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Ashrafiyya. Initially, a temporary camp was set up along with a group from the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement. After each group was assigned land for a kibbutz, the secular group members founded Reshafim. Kibbutz Shluhot is one of four religious kibbutzim located in a cluster south of Beit She'an, from Shluhot at the base of Mount Gilboa, Ein HaNatziv and Sde Eliyahu to Tirat Zvi adjacent to the Jordan River. In 2007 Shluhot began to host a special needs school, Kulanu Academy, which teaches special needs children skills for adulthood and takes them on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reshafim
Reshafim () is a kibbutz in northeastern Israel. Located two kilometres to the south of the city of Beit She'an in the Beit She'an Valley, it falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. In , it had a population of . History The cooperative association was registered on 13 October 1944, as "Reshafim Kibutz Hashomer Hatzair Kvutzat Poalim Lehityashvut Shetufit Limited".Government of Palestine, The Palestine Gazette, No. 1372, p. 1096, 9 November 1944. A first settlement was established by Hashomer Hatzair members movement in 1947 at Kiryat Haim. In 1948 land was allocated to Reshafim from village lands of the Palestinian village of al-Ashrafiyya, which was depopulated after 10–11 May during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. In 1949 the members and their children moved to the permanent location near Beit She'an. For the first few months at the site, the members of kibbutz Reshafim lived temporarily in a camp jointly with the members of kibbutz Shluhot which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Farwana
Farwana (), was a Palestinian village, located south of Bisan, depopulated in 1948. History and archaeology Identification and periods of settlement The tell, or archaeological mound, of Tell es-Sarem (Arabic name) or Tel Rehov (Hebrew name) is located on the former village's lands. The tell, which stands about 800 metres southeast of the village site, has been identified with the ancient Canaanite and Israelite city of Rehov. It was one of the largest cities in the region during the Late Bronze Age (1550–1200 BCE) and Iron Age I-IIA (1200–900 BCE). During the Late Bronze Age, Egypt ruled over Canaan, and in this time period Rehov was mentioned in at least three sources dated between the 15th-13th century BCE, and again in the list of conquests of Pharaoh Shoshenq I, whose campaign took place around 925 BCE. During the Byzantine period, a Jewish town that preserved the old name in the form of Rohob, stood one kilometre northwest of Tel Rehov, at Khirbet Farwana/Horbat P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine was a British Empire, British geopolitical entity that existed between 1920 and 1948 in the Palestine (region), region of Palestine, and after 1922, under the terms of the League of Nations's Mandate for Palestine. After an Arab Revolt, Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire during the First World War in 1916, British Empire, British Egyptian Expeditionary Force, forces drove Ottoman Empire, Ottoman forces out of the Levant. The United Kingdom had agreed in the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence that it would honour Arab independence in case of a revolt but, in the end, the United Kingdom and French Third Republic, France divided what had been Ottoman Syria under the Sykes–Picot Agreement—an act of betrayal in the eyes of the Arabs. Another issue was the Balfour Declaration of 1917, in which Britain promised its support for the establishment of a Homeland for the Jewish people, Jewish "national home" in Palestine. Mandatory Palestine was then establishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beduin
The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu ( ; , singular ) are Nomadic pastoralism, pastorally nomadic Arabs, Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq). The Bedouin originated in the Syrian Desert and Arabian Desert but spread across the rest of the Arab world in Western Asia, West Asia and North Africa after the spread of Islam. The English word ''bedouin'' comes from the Arabic ''badawī'', which means "desert-dweller", and is traditionally contrasted with ''ḥāḍir'', the term for Sedentism, sedentary people. Bedouin territory stretches from the vast deserts of North Africa to the rocky ones of the Middle East. They are sometimes traditionally divided into tribes, or clans (known in Arabic as ''ʿašāʾir''; or ''qabāʾil'' ), and historically share a common culture of herding camels, sheep and goats. The vast majority of Bedouins adhere to Islam, although there are some fewer numbers of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yosef Weitz
Yosef Weitz (; 1890–1972) was the director of the Land and Afforestation Department of the Jewish National Fund (JNF). From the 1930s, Weitz played a major role in acquiring land for the Yishuv, the pre-state Jewish community in the British Mandate of Palestine. In 1932, when Weitz joined the JNF, there were only 91,000 Jews in Palestine (about 10% of the population) who owned just 2% of the land. Weitz oversaw the program to purchase properties from absentee landlords and run the Palestinian tenant farmers off their land. However it soon became clear that the purchase of small lots of land would not get close to fulfilling the Zionists' dream of creating a Jewish-majority state in the region of Palestine and that it would be necessary to force the exodus of the Arab population. Due to Weitz's role in the expulsion of Palestinian Arabs in 1948, he became known as the "Architect of Transfer". He also became known as the "Father of the Forests" for his work in afforestation, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haganah
Haganah ( , ) was the main Zionist political violence, Zionist paramilitary organization that operated for the Yishuv in the Mandatory Palestine, British Mandate for Palestine. It was founded in 1920 to defend the Yishuv's presence in the region, and was formally disbanded in 1948, when it became the core force integrated into the Israel Defense Forces shortly after the Israeli Declaration of Independence. Formed out of previous existing militias, Haganah's original purpose was to Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine, defend Jewish settlements against Arab attacks; this was the case during the Jaffa riots, 1921 Jaffa riots, the 1929 Palestine riots, the Jaffa riots (April 1936), 1936 Jaffa riots, and the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, among others. The paramilitary was under the control of the Jewish Agency for Israel, Jewish Agency, the official governmental body in charge of Palestine's Jewish community during the British era. Until the end of World War II, H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tenant Farmer
A tenant farmer is a farmer or farmworker who resides and works on land owned by a landlord, while tenant farming is an agricultural production system in which landowners contribute their land and often a measure of operating capital and management, while tenant farmers contribute their labor along with at times varying amounts of capital and management. Depending on the terms of their contract, tenants may make payments to the owner either of a fixed portion of the product, in cash or in a combination. The rights the tenant has over the land, the form, and measures of payment vary across systems (geographically and chronologically). In some systems, the tenant could be evicted at whim ( tenancy at will); in others, the landowner and tenant sign a contract for a fixed number of years ( tenancy for years or indenture). In most developed countries today, at least some restrictions are placed on the rights of landlords to evict tenants under normal circumstances. England and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golani Brigade
The 1st "Golani" Brigade (, ''Hativat Golani'') is an Israeli military infantry brigade. It is subordinated to the 36th Division and traditionally associated with the Northern Command. It is one of the five infantry brigades of the regular Israel Defense Forces (IDF), the others being the Paratroopers Brigade, the Nahal Brigade, the Givati Brigade and the Kfir Brigade. Its symbol is a green olive tree against a yellow background, with its soldiers wearing a brown beret. It is one of the most highly decorated infantry units in the IDF. The brigade consists of five battalions, including two which it kept from its inception (12th and 13th), one transferred from the Givati Brigade (51st). The brigade was formed on February 22, 1948, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, when the Levanoni Brigade in the Galilee split into the 1st Golani Brigade and the 2nd Carmeli Brigade. It has since participated in all of Israel's major wars and nearly all major operations, including the Sue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
