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Aborted Take-off
In aviation, a rejected takeoff (RTO) or aborted takeoff is the situation in which the pilot decides to abort the takeoff of an airplane after initiating the takeoff roll but before the airplane leaves the ground. Reasons to perform a rejected takeoff vary but are usually related to a suspected or actual problem with the aircraft, such as an engine failure; fire; incorrect configuration; aircraft control issue; unusually slow acceleration; automated warning signal(s) indicating a critical system failure; environmental conditions such as predictive windshear; or an instruction from air traffic control. There are three phases of a takeoff. In the low-speed regime, usually below 80 kts or so, the takeoff will be rejected even for minor failures. In the high-speed regime, above usually 80 kts but below V1, minor problems are ignored, but the takeoff will still be rejected for serious problems, in particular for engine failures. The takeoff decision speed, known as V1, is calculated b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aviation
Aviation includes the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry. ''Aircraft'' include fixed-wing and rotary-wing types, morphable wings, wing-less lifting bodies, as well as lighter-than-air aircraft such as hot air balloons and airships. Aviation began in the 18th century with the development of the hot air balloon, an apparatus capable of atmospheric displacement through buoyancy. Clément Ader built the "Ader Éole" in France and made an uncontrolled, powered hop in 1890. This was the first powered aircraft, although it did not achieve controlled flight. Some of the most significant advancements in aviation technology came with the controlled gliding flying of Otto Lilienthal in 1896. A major leap followed with the construction of the '' Wright Flyer'', the first powered airplane by the Wright brothers in the early 1900s. Since that time, aviation has been technologically revolutionized by the introduction of the jet engine which enabl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Runway Incursion
A runway incursion is an Aviation accidents and incidents, aviation incident involving improper positioning of vehicles or people on any runway, airport runway or its Critical_area_(aeronautics), protected area. When an incursion involves an ''active'' runway being used by arriving or departing aircraft, the potential for a collision hazard or Instrument landing system, instrument landing system (ILS) interference can exist. At present, various runway safety technologies and processes are commonly employed to reduce the risk and potential consequences of such an event. Definition The internationally-accepted definition of a runway incursion is: In the United States, the FAA classifies runway incursions into 3 types, with 5 levels of severity: Analysis Formal study of runway incursions began in the 1980s, following several high-profile Near miss (safety), near misses and fatal collisions of airliners operating on airport surfaces. One of the earliest reports on the topic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emergency Aircraft Operations
An emergency is an urgent, unexpected, and usually dangerous situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or environment and requires immediate action. Most emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, although in some situations, mitigation may not be possible and agencies may only be able to offer palliative care for the aftermath. While some emergencies are self-evident (such as a natural disaster that threatens many lives), many smaller incidents require that an observer (or affected party) decide whether it qualifies as an emergency. The precise definition of an emergency, the agencies involved and the procedures used, vary by jurisdiction, and this is usually set by the government, whose agencies (emergency services) are responsible for emergency planning and management. Defining an emergency An incident, to be an emergency, conforms to one or more of the following, if it: * Poses an immediate threat to life, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balanced Field Takeoff
In aviation, a balanced field takeoff is a condition where the takeoff distance required (TODR) with one engine inoperative and the accelerate-stop distance are equal for the aircraft weight, engine thrust, aircraft configuration and runway condition. For a given aircraft weight, engine thrust, aircraft configuration, and runway condition, the shortest runway length that complies with safety regulations is the balanced field length."If we let A be the distance traveled by the airplane along the ground from the original starting point to the point where V1 is reached, and we let B be the additional distance traveled with an engine failure (the same distance to clear an obstacle or to brake to a stop), then the balanced field length is by definition the total distance A+B." Anderson, John D. Jr (1999), ''Aircraft Performance and Design'', Section 6.7, McGraw-Hill, The takeoff decision speed V1 is the fastest speed at which the pilot must take the first actions to reject the takeof ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
TWA Flight 843
Trans World Airlines Flight 843 (TW843, TWA843) was a scheduled Trans World Airlines passenger flight that crashed after an aborted takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport (New York City, New York) to San Francisco International Airport (California) on July 30, 1992. Despite an intense fire after the crash, the crew was able to evacuate all 280 passengers from the aircraft. There was no loss of life, although the aircraft was destroyed by the fire. Background Aircraft The aircraft involved was a 20-year-old Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, Lockheed L-1011 TriStar 1 that had First flight, first flown in 1972. Powered by three Rolls-Royce RB211, Rolls-Royce RB211-22B turbofan engines, it had logged a total of 49,662 hours of flying time in 19,659 takeoff and landing cycles. In 1975, the aircraft was previously involved in a Guy Eby#1975 flight incident, near mid-air collision as Flight 37 with American Airlines Flight 182, a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10. Crew In command was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spantax Flight 995
Spantax Flight 995 was a charter flight from Madrid–Barajas Airport to New York via Málaga Airport on September 13, 1982. When the DC-10 aircraft was rolling for take-off from Malaga, the pilot felt a strong and worsening vibration and aborted the take-off. The flight crew lost control of the aircraft and were unable to stop in the runway available and the aircraft overran the runway, hit an airfield aerial installation, losing an engine, then crossed the Malaga–Torremolinos Highway, hitting a number of vehicles before finally hitting a railway embankment and bursting into flames. An emergency evacuation of the aircraft was carried out but 50 on board died of both burns and other injuries. A further 110 people were hospitalized. Aircraft The aircraft involved in the accident was a 5-year old McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF. It was delivered to Overseas National Airways (ONA) on June 6th 1977. The aircraft was leased by Spantax in October 1978 and bought in December of that yea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overseas National Airways Flight 032
Overseas National Airways (ONA) Flight 032 was a non-scheduled positioning flight operated by Overseas National Airways with a McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30CF. Copyat Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. On November 12, 1975, the flight crew initiated a rejected takeoff after accelerating through a large flock of gulls at John F. Kennedy International Airport, resulting in a runway excursion. Of the 139 aircraft occupants, all survived, while the aircraft was destroyed by an intense post-crash fire. The National Transportation Safety Board concluded that the probable cause of the accident was bird ingestion into the right-hand engine, causing an uncontained engine failure that ruptured several landing gear tires and disabled the engine's hydraulic system, in turn partially disabling the spoilers and the landing gear brakes. Contributing to the accident was the resultant failure of the affected engine's thrust reverser and the wet runway. The accident aircraft is claimed to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Korean Air Flight 2708
Korean Air Flight 2708 was a scheduled international flight that on 27 May 2016, the Boeing 777-300 operating the flight from Haneda Airport in Tokyo to Seoul's Gimpo International Airport, was accelerating for take off when its left engine suffered an uncontained failure and a substantial fire ensued. The crew aborted the take-off, and after the aircraft came to a stop the fire was extinguished by the airport emergency services. All 319 passengers and crew were evacuated; 12 occupants received minor injuries. The accident was attributed to poor maintenance standards and failure of the crew to carry out the emergency procedures correctly. Aircraft and crew The aircraft operating Flight 2708 was a Boeing 777-3B5 equipped with two Pratt & Whitney PW4000 engines, registered HL7534, serial number 27950. The 120th Boeing 777 produced, it first flew on 4 February 1998, and was delivered new to Korean Air on 28 December 1999. The 49-year-old captain had logged a total of 10,410 flight ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garuda Indonesia Flight 865
Garuda Indonesia Flight 865 (GA865/GIA865) was a scheduled international flight from Fukuoka, Japan, to Jakarta, Indonesia via Bali, Indonesia. On 13 June 1996, Flight 865 crashed on takeoff from runway 16 at Fukuoka Airport. Out of the 275 occupants on board, 3 were killed. Accident Flight 865 was cleared for takeoff from Runway 16. Suddenly, the crew of the McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30, Captain Ronald Longdong (38), First Officer Yudhia Putra (31) and Flight Engineer Dwi Prayitno (34), attempted to abort take-off after the failure of the number 3 (right) engine. The abort occurred at speeds nearing V2, and after rotation of the nose. Following the abort, attempts were made to stop the aircraft on the runway by use of brakes, ground spoilers and thrust reversers, but the crew was unable to stop the aircraft within the boundaries of the runway, which exited the airport premises. The captain stated that he feared that the aircraft might hit buildings or objects if he did not abo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Airways Flight 2276
British Airways Flight 2276 was a scheduled international passenger flight from Las Vegas, Nevada, to London Gatwick Airport, England. On 8 September 2015, the Boeing 777-200ER operating the flight suffered an uncontained engine failure and fire in the left (Aircraft engine position number, #1) General Electric GE90, GE90 engine during take-off from McCarran International Airport, Las Vegas-McCarran International Airport, prompting an aborted take-off and the evacuation of all passengers and crew. All 170 people on board survived, but 20 occupants were injured. The aircraft, which suffered moderate damage to a section of its forward fuselage as of a result of the vigorous fire, was repaired and returned to commercial passenger service in March 2016. The fire was caused by metal fatigue in a compressor disk, leading to detachment of the main fuel supply line. Accident The aircraft left Terminal 3, Gate E3, at 15:53 local time, and began its take-off from Runway 07L at 16:12 w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Airtours Flight 28M
The 1985 Manchester Airport disaster occurred when British Airtours Flight 28M (officially known as Flight 328), an international passenger flight, was en route from Manchester Airport to Corfu International Airport. It caught fire on takeoff on 22 August 1985, resulting in 55 fatalities. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-236(A), named ''River Orrin'', was flown by British Airtours, a wholly owned subsidiary of British Airways. It had 131 passengers and six crew on the manifest. During the takeoff roll, a loud thump was heard, and takeoff was aborted. An engine failure had generated a fire and the captain ordered evacuation. The engine failure was later traced to an incorrectly repaired combustor, causing the turbine disc to shatter and puncture the wing fuel tanks. Most of the deaths were due to smoke inhalation, not burns; 82 people survived. The accident was described as "a defining moment in the history of civil aviation safety." It brought about industry-wide changes to the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ameristar Charters Flight 9363
Ameristar Charters Flight 9363 was a charter flight from Willow Run Airport to Dulles International Airport, Washington Dulles Airport on March 8, 2017, which rejected takeoff and Runway excursion, overran the runway. The crash was caused by a jammed Elevator (aeronautics), elevator, which was damaged by high winds the day before the crash. All 116 passengers and crew survived the crash, with only one minor injury, but the aircraft was Hull loss, damaged beyond repair. The National Transportation Safety Board, NTSB investigation found that the elevator was damaged while the aircraft was parked, and then was not noticed due to flaws in the aircraft's design and Ameristar's operating procedures. Accident The aircraft had been chartered to transport the Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team to the 2017 Big Ten men's basketball tournament, Big Ten tournament in Washington, D.C. for the following day's game against the Illinois Fighting Illini. Prior to the flight, the aircraft h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
