|
Abbot Oliba
Oliba (; 971–1046) was the count of Berga and Ripoll (988–1002), and later abbot of the monasteries of Santa Maria de Ripoll and Sant Miquel de Cuixà (1008–1046) and the bishop of Vic (1018–1046). He is considered one of the spiritual founders of Catalonia and perhaps the most important prelate of his age in the Iberian Peninsula. Oliba was a great writer and from his ''scriptorium'' at Ripoll flowed a ceaseless stream of works which are enlightening about his world. Most important are the Arabic manuscripts he translated into Latin for the benefit of 11th century and later scholars. Early life Oliba was born circa 971 to an affluent family in the Spanish March. His father was Oliba Cabreta, the count of Besalú, Cerdanya, Berga and Ripoll, and his mother was Ermengard of Empúries. His father's lineage made him the great-grandson of Wilfred the Hairy. Oliba had three brothers and a sister, and when his father chose to retire to a monastery in 988, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vic, Spain
Vic (; ) is the capital of the ''Comarques of Catalonia, comarca'' of Osona, in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Vic is from Barcelona and from Girona. Geography Vic lies in the middle of the Plain of Vic, equidistant from Barcelona and the Pyrenees. Vic has persistent fog in winter as a result of a thermal inversion, with temperatures as low as -10 °C, an absolute record of -24 °C and episodes of cold and severe snowstorms. For this reason, and also for the relatively moist summers, the region's natural vegetation includes the Quercus pubescens, pubescent oak typical of the sub-Mediterranean climates of eastern France, Northern Italy and the Balkans. Names Originally known as ''Auso'', it was known in Latin as ''Vicus Ausonae''. From Latin ''vicus'' (neighborhood or urban population), it became ''Vich'' in Old Catalan. In 1538, Lorenzo de Padilla writes Vic Bique and it appears as Vique in the ''Memorial'' of the Bishop of Vic, Antonio Pascual (c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
North Catalonia
Northern Catalonia, North Catalonia or French Catalonia is the Catalan-speaking and cultural territory ceded to France by Spain through the signing of the Treaty of the Pyrenees in 1659 in exchange for France's effective renunciation of the formal protection that it had given to the recently founded Catalan Republic. The area corresponds roughly to the modern French ''département'' of the Pyrénées-Orientales which was historically part of Catalonia since the old County of Barcelona, and lasted during the times of the Crown of Aragon and the Principality of Catalonia until they were given to France by Spain. The equivalent term in French, ''Catalogne du Nord'', is used nowadays, although less often than the more politically neutral Roussillon (Catalan: Rosselló); Roussillon, though, historically did not include Vallespir, Conflent and Cerdagne (''Cerdanya''). The term ''Pays Catalan'' (''País Català''), "Catalan Country," is sometimes used. Geography ''Northern Catal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berenguer Ramon I, Count Of Barcelona
Berenguer Ramon I ( 1005 – 26 May 1035), called the Crooked or the Hunchback (in Latin ''curvus''; in Catalan ''el Corbat''; in Spanish ''el Corvado'' or ''el Curvo''), was the count of Barcelona, Girona, and Ausona from 1018 to his death. Life He was the son of Ramon Borrell, count of Barcelona, Girona, and Ausona, and his wife, Ermesinde of Carcassonne. He accepted the suzerainty of Sancho the Great of Navarre. Berenguer Ramon as a historical figure is enigmatic, shrouded in incomprehensible contradictions and ambiguities. First, he was a man of peace, and peace ruled throughout his reign. He pacified his neighbours as well, bringing to heel the count of Urgell, Ermengol II. He reestablished amicable relations with Count Hugh I of Empúries, and maintained them with Counts and Wilfred II of Cerdanya. He was a son of the church who maintained relations with the papacy and went on a pilgrimage to Rome in 1032. On many occasions he travelled to Zaragoza and Navarre to d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliament
In modern politics and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. The term is similar to the idea of a senate, synod or congress and is commonly used in countries that are current or former monarchies. Some contexts restrict the use of the word ''parliament'' to parliamentary systems, although it is also used to describe the legislature in some presidential systems (e.g., the Parliament of Ghana), even where it is not in the Legal name, official name. Historically, parliaments included various kinds of deliberative, consultative, and judicial assemblies. What is considered to be the first modern parliament, was the Cortes of León, held in the Kingdom of León in 1188. According to the UNESCO, the Decreta of Leon of 1188 is the oldest documentary manifestation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Collegiate Basilica Of Manresa
The Collegiate Basilica of Santa Maria (Catalan: ''Santa Maria de Manresa''; Spanish: ''Santa María de Manresa''), also known as La Seu, is a Romanesque-Gothic church in Manresa, Catalonia, north of Spain.''Manual del arte español: introducción al arte español'' Page 363 2003 "Igual que Santa María de Manresa lo es en otra medida. En la primera, Berenguer de Montagut concibió un esbelto edificio de tres naves." History The church of Santa Maria is documented from the year 890. In 999 the edifice was devastated by troops of Al-Mansur, as well as the whole city. In 1000 count Ramon Berenguer I of Barcelona, together with his mother Ermesinde and later with Oliba, bishop of Vic, decided to refurbish the church. Today only scanty remains are preserved of this Romanesque structure, and of its pre-Romanesque forerunner, including columns in the gallery (11th century), featuring columns with capitals having vegetable and geometrical motifs, and a 12th-century portal. During the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Martin-du-Canigou
The abbey of Saint-Martin-du-Canigou ( Catalan: ''Abadia de Sant Martí del Canigó'') is a monastery built in 1009 in the Pyrenees of Northern Catalonia on Canigó mountain in present-day southern near the Spanish border. Pau Casals wrote a composition entitled "Sant Martí del Canigó" for Orchestra. Location The monastery is located on the territory of the commune of Casteil, in the Pyrénées-Orientales ''département''. History The original Romanesque style monastery was built from 1005 to 1009 by Guifred II, Count of Cerdanya ( Fr. ''Cerdagne''), in atonement for the murder of his son and was populated by Benedictine monks. In 1050, Guifred II died at the monastery he had built after having become a monk there 15 years before. In 1051 a messenger set forth to visit religious houses throughout Europe to solicit prayers for Guifred. He brought a parchment, a mortuary roll, upon which at each stop were added words of prayer and respect. This parchment has survived and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sant Miquel De Fluvià
Sant may refer to: People * Alfred Sant (born 1948), Maltese politician * Andrew Sant (born 1950), English-born Australian poet * David Sant (born 1968), Catalan director, actor and writer * Indira Sant (1914–2000), Indian poet * James Sant (1820–1916), British painter * Lorry Sant (1937–1995), Maltese politician Places * Sant State, a former princely salute state in Rewa Kantha, Gujarat, India * Sant, Övörkhangai, a district in Mongolia * Sant, Selenge, a district in Mongolia * Șanț, a commune in Bistriţa-Năsăud County, Romania * Șanț River, a tributary of the Trotuş River in Romania Religion * Sant (religion), in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism, an enlightened human being, commonly translated as "Saint" * Sant Joan (other) Other * Sant (card game), an early name for the game of Piquet * Sant tree (''Acacia nilotica''), a tree species found in Africa * Teniente General Benjamín Matienzo International Airport, Argentina (ICAO code: SANT) S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santa María De Montserrat
Santa Maria de Montserrat () is an abbey of the Order of Saint Benedict located on the mountain of Montserrat in Monistrol de Montserrat, Catalonia, Spain. It is notable for enshrining the image of the Virgin of Montserrat. The monastery was founded in 1025 and rebuilt between the 19th and 20th centuries. With a community of around 70 monks, the abbey is still in use to this day. Location The monastery is northwest of Barcelona, and can be reached by road, train or cable car. The abbey's train station, operated by FGC, is the terminus of a rack railway connecting with Monistrol, and two funiculars, one connecting with Santa Cova (a shrine and chapel lower down the mountain) and the other connecting with the upper slopes of the mountain. At above the valley floor, Montserrat is the highest point of the Catalan lowlands, and stands central to the most populated part of Catalonia. Montserrat's highest point, Sant Jeroni, can be reached by footpaths leading from the monastery ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King
King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, constitutional monarch if his power is restrained by fixed laws. Kings are Hereditary monarchy, hereditary monarchs when they inherit power by birthright and Elective monarchy, elective monarchs when chosen to ascend the throne. *In the context of prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. Germanic kingship is cognate with Indo-European languages, Indo-European traditions of tribal rulership (cf. Indic ''rājan'', Gothic ''reiks'', and Old Irish ''rí'', etc.). *In the context of classical antiquity, king may translate in Latin as ''rex (king), rex'' and in Greek as ''archon'' or ''basileus''. *In classical European feudalism, the title of ''king'' as the ruler of a ''kingdom'' is und ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
King Of Navarre
This is a list of the kings and queens of kingdom of Pamplona, Pamplona, later kingdom of Navarre, Navarre. Pamplona was the primary name of the kingdom until its union with Kingdom of Aragon, Aragon (1076–1134). However, the territorial designation Navarre came into use as an alternative name in the late tenth century, and the name Pamplona was retained well into the twelfth century. House of Íñiguez, 824?–905 The Íñiguez dynasty are credited with founding the Navarrese kingdom (of Pamplona) in or around 824 when they are said to have risen against an attempt to extend Franks, Frankish (Carolingian) authority into the region. The Cordoban sources referred to them as sometimes-rebellious vassals, rather than in the manner used to refer to the Christian realms outside their control. They were supplanted in 905 when an anti-Cordoba coalition placed the succeeding Jiménez dynasty in power. House of Jiménez dynasty, Jiménez, 905–1234 In 905, a coalition of neighbors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperator Totius Hispaniae
is a Latin title meaning "Emperor of All Spain". In Spain in the Middle Ages, the title "emperor" (from Latin ''imperator'') was used under a variety of circumstances from the ninth century onwards, but its usage peaked, as a formal and practical title, between 1086 and 1157. It was primarily used by the kings of León and Kings of Castile, Castile, but it also found currency in the Kingdom of Navarre and was employed by the counts of Castile and at least one Kingdom of Galicia, duke of Galicia. It signalled at various points the king's equality with the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and Holy Roman Empire, his rule by conquest or military superiority, his rule over several ethnic or religious groups, and his claim to suzerainty over the other kings of Iberian Peninsula, the peninsula, both Christian and Muslim. The use of the imperial title received scant recognition outside of Spain and it had become largely forgotten by the thirteenth century. The analogous feminine title, " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bermudo III Of León
Bermudo III or Vermudo III ( 1015– 4 September 1037) was the king of León from 1028 until his death. He was a son of Alfonso V of León by his first wife Elvira Menéndez (died 1022), Elvira Menéndez, and was the last Astur-Leonese dynasty, scion of Peter of Cantabria to rule in the Kingdom of León, Leonese kingdom. Like several of his predecessors, he sometimes carried the imperial title: in 1030 he appears as ''regni imperii Ueremundo principis''; in 1029/1032 as ''imperator domnus Veremudius in Gallecia''; and in 1034 as ''regni imperii Veremundus rex Legionensis''. He was a child when he succeeded his father. In 1034 he was chased from his throne by King Sancho III of Pamplona and forced to take refuge in Galicia (Spain), Galicia. He returned to power, but was defeated and killed fighting against his brother-in-law, Ferdinand I of León, Ferdinand of Castile, in the battle of Tamarón. History Bermudo III was the son of Alfonso V of León by his first wife Elvira Menén ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
