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Zodiac Synagogue Mosaic
Zodiac mosaics in ancient synagogues are known from at least eight examples from ancient Israel (Roman Palestine) in the 4th–6th centuries CE during the Byzantine period. As a typical arrangement, the mosaic floors of such synagogues consisted of three panels, the central one containing the Jewish zodiac. Inventory The examples cited by Hachlili in 1977 are the synagogues at Hammat Tiberias#"Synagogue of Severus", Hammat Tiberias (4th century), Husaifa (5th century), Naaran#Synagogue, Na'aran and Beth Alpha (6th century). The large synagogue of Sepphoris (5th–6th century), more recently discovered, has a different panel scheme; the one at Susiya probably had a zodiac mosaic in the 6th century, which was later replaced by a non-figurative pattern; at En Gedi there is an inscription with the names of the zodiac signs and the corresponding Hebrew calendar, Jewish months, but no imagery; at Meroth archaeologists found three slabs containing zodiac signs; the Yafi'a synagogue, wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mosaic Zodiac From Synagogue In Beit Alpha, Israel, 6th Century (31858682362)
A mosaic () is a pattern or image made of small regular or irregular pieces of colored stone, glass or ceramic, held in place by plaster/Mortar (masonry), mortar, and covering a surface. Mosaics are often used as floor and wall decoration, and were particularly popular in the Ancient Rome, Ancient Roman world. Mosaic today includes not just murals and pavements, but also artwork, hobby crafts, and industrial and construction forms. Mosaics have a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean civilisation, Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman dynasty, Norman Kingdom of Sicily in the 12th century, by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamaam, Israel
Hamaam (; ), or Wadi Hamam, is an Arab village in northern Israel, located near the Sea of Galilee, at the foot of Mount Nitai and across the Wadi Hamam valley from Mount Arbel. It is the easternmost part of the al-Batuf Regional Council. In its population was . History In 1948, some of the Arab inhabitants of Wadi El Hamam fled to Lebanon. It contains one fairly modern mosque and the trail head for the steep ascent of Mount Arbel. Archaeology Khirbet Wadi Hamam is an archaeological site on the outskirts of Hamaam. It was registered as Khirbet el-Wereidat in the PEF's 1870 Survey of Western Palestine, accessed in January 2017 from which the modern Hebrew name-Hurbat Vradim, also spelled Hurvat/Horvat Veradim-was derived. The site was excavated between 2007 and 2012 by a team under dig director Uzi Leibner of |
High Priest Of Israel
In Judaism, the High Priest of Israel (, lit. ‘great priest’; Aramaic: ''Kahana Rabba'') was the head of the Israelite priesthood. He played a unique role in the worship conducted in the Tabernacle and later in the Temple in Jerusalem, as well as in some non-ritual matters. Like all priests, he was required to be descended from Aaron (the first biblical priest). But unlike other priests, the high priest followed more restrictive laws, wore unique priestly garments, and was the only priest allowed to perform certain ceremonies. Titles The high priest is referred to by a number of titles in the Hebrew Bible; the title ''kohen gadol'' did not become dominant until well into the Second Temple period. In addition to the title of "great priest" (''kohen gadol'') which later became the standard Hebrew title, the term "head priest" (''kohen harosh''; ) was used, as was "anointed priest" (''kohen mashiach''; )., , The Torah sometimes uses longer descriptions: "the great priest ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josephus
Flavius Josephus (; , ; ), born Yosef ben Mattityahu (), was a Roman–Jewish historian and military leader. Best known for writing '' The Jewish War'', he was born in Jerusalem—then part of the Roman province of Judea—to a father of priestly descent and a mother who claimed Hasmonean royal ancestry. He initially fought against the Roman Empire during the First Jewish–Roman War as general of the Jewish forces in Galilee, until surrendering in AD 67 to the Roman army led by military commander Vespasian after the six-week siege of Yodfat. Josephus claimed the Jewish messianic prophecies that initiated the First Jewish–Roman War made reference to Vespasian becoming Roman emperor. In response, Vespasian decided to keep him as a slave and presumably interpreter. After Vespasian became emperor in AD 69, he granted Josephus his freedom, at which time Josephus assumed the Emperor's family name of '' Flavius''. Flavius Josephus fully defected to the Roman s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Cosmology
Jewish cosmology refers to a cluster of cosmological views held in Jewish systems of thought and theology in premodern times. This includes literature from the period of Second Temple Judaism (516 BCE – 70 CE), rabbinic literature, para-rabbinic literature (notably including Pirkei De-Rabbi Eliezer), and more. Jewish cosmology may be treated separately from biblical cosmology which refers to the views concerning the origins (cosmogony) and structure (cosmography) of the cosmos in the Hebrew Bible. Key texts Book of Enoch Early Jewish apocalyptic literature appeared around the same time as the earliest systematic thinking about the origins and structure of the cosmos. The earliest examples of this can be found in two texts compiled later into the Book of Enoch: the Astronomical Book (1 Enoch 72–82) and the Book of the Watchers (1 Enoch 1–36). These two books were both later compiled into a single document, the Book of Enoch. In chapter 72, the Astronomical Book discu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Angels In Judaism
In Judaism, angels (, plural: ''mal’āḵīm'') are supernatural beings that appear throughout the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible), Rabbinic literature, Jewish apocrypha, Christian pseudepigrapha, Jewish philosophy, Jewish mysticism, and traditional Jewish liturgy as agents of the God of Israel. They are categorized in different hierarchies. Their essence is often associated with fire. The Talmud describes their very essence as fire. Etymology Hebrew ''mal’ākh'' is the standard word for "messenger", both human and divine, in the Hebrew Bible; it is also related to the words for "angel" in Arabic (''malāk'' ), Aramaic and Ethiopic. It is rarely used for human messengers in Modern Hebrew as the latter is usually denoted by the term ''shaliyakh'' (). The noun derives from the verbal consonantal root ''l-’-k'' (), meaning specifically "to send with a message" and with time was substituted with more applicable ''sh-l-h''. In Biblical Hebrew this root is attested only in this noun a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Biblical Archaeology Society
The Biblical Archaeology Society was established in 1974 by American lawyer Hershel Shanks, as a non-sectarian organisation that supports and promotes biblical archaeology. Its current publications include the ''Biblical Archaeology Review'', whilst previously circulating the '' Bible Review'' (1985–2005) and ''Archaeology Odyssey'' (1998–2006). The Biblical Archaeology Society also publishes books about biblical archaeology aimed at a general readership. The Society has, for more than 45 years, run seminars and tours offering an opportunity to learn directly from archaeologists and scholars. It also produced videos (DVD) and CDs on archaeology and biblical archaeology. The Biblical Archaeology Society has gained global traction through its popular publication '' The Biblical Archaeology Review''. It has also been involved in multiple authenticity scandals. History The Biblical Archaeology society was founded by lawyer, turned amateur archaeologist, Hershel Shanks in 1974. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kislev
Kislev or Chislev (Hebrew language, Hebrew: , Hebrew language#Modern Hebrew, Standard ''Kīslev'' Tiberian vocalization, Tiberian ''Kīslēw''), is the third month of the civil year and the ninth month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. In the Babylonian calendar its name was ''Kislimu''. In a regular (''kesidran'') year Kislev has 30 days, but because of the Hebrew calendar#Rosh Hashanah postponement rules, Rosh Hashanah postponement rules, in some years it can lose a day to make the year a "short" (''chaser'') year. Kislev is a month which occurs in November–December on the Gregorian calendar and is sometimes known as the month of dreams. In Jewish Rabbinic literature, the month of Kislev is believed to correspond to the Tribe of Benjamin. Holidays 25 Kislev – 2 Tevet – Hanukkah – ends 3 Tevet if Kislev is short In Jewish history and tradition * 1 Kislev (1977) – Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson miraculously recovered from a devastating heart att ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sagittarius (astrology)
Sagittarius (; , Latin for "archer") is the ninth astrological sign, which is associated with the constellation Sagittarius (constellation), Sagittarius and spans 240–270th degrees of the zodiac. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this sign between approximately November 22 and December 21. Greek mythology associates Sagittarius with the centaur Chiron, who mentored Achilles, a Ancient Greece Mythology, Greek hero of the Trojan War, in archery. Sagittarius, the half human and half horse, is the centaur of mythology, the learned healer whose higher intelligence forms a bridge between Earth and Heaven. Also known as the Archer, Sagittarius is represented by the symbol of a bow and arrow. Astrology Along with Aries and Leo, Sagittarius is a part of the Fire Trigon as well as the last of the reproductive trinity. It also follows Gemini and Virgo as third of the mutable signs, which are the signs that feature changeable quality. When Sagittarius is depicted as an archer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heshvan
Marcheshvan (Hebrew: , Standard , Tiberian ; from Akkadian , literally, 'eighth month'), generally shortened to Cheshvan (, Standard Tiberian ), is the second month of the civil year (which starts on 1 Tishrei), and the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year (which starts on 1 Nisan) on the Hebrew calendar. In a regular () year, Marcheshvan has 29 days, but because of the Rosh Hashanah postponement rules, in some years, an additional day is added to Marcheshvan to make the year a "full" () year. Marcheshvan occurs in October–November in the Gregorian calendar. The Hebrew Bible, before the Babylonian Exile, refers to the month as Bul (). In Sidon, the reference to is also made on the Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II dated to the early 5th century BC. Etymology Compared to its Akkadian etymon , the name displays the same lenition of ungeminated to found in other month names ( Tammuz traditionally contains mem with dagesh). Uniquely to this name the initial has also ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scorpio (astrology)
Scorpio (; , Latin for " scorpion") is the eighth astrological sign in the zodiac, originating from the constellation of Scorpius. It spans 210–240° ecliptic longitude. Under the tropical zodiac (most commonly used in Western astrology), the Sun transits this sign on average from October 23 to November 21. Depending on which zodiac system one uses, someone born under the influence of Scorpio may be called a ''Scorpio'' or ''Scorpionic''. Associations Scorpio is one of the water signs, the others being Cancer and Pisces. It is a fixed, negative sign. According to ''The Astrology Bible'', Scorpio's colors are deep red, maroon, black, and brown. Myth According to Greek mythology, its representation as a scorpion is related to the Greek legend of Orion and how a scorpion stung him to death (said to be why Orion sets as Scorpius rises in the sky). Another Greek myth recounts how a scorpion caused the horses of the Sun to bolt, when they were being driven by th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abraham
Abraham (originally Abram) is the common Hebrews, Hebrew Patriarchs (Bible), patriarch of the Abrahamic religions, including Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. In Judaism, he is the founding father who began the Covenant (biblical), covenantal relationship between the Jewish people and God in Judaism, God; in Christianity, he is the spiritual progenitor of all believers, whether Jewish or gentile, non-Jewish; and Abraham in Islam, in Islam, he is a link in the Prophets and messengers in Islam, chain of Islamic prophets that begins with Adam in Islam, Adam and culminates in Muhammad. Abraham is also revered in other Abrahamic religions such as the Baháʼí Faith and the Druze, Druze faith. The story of the life of Abraham, as told in the narrative of the Book of Genesis in the Hebrew Bible, revolves around the themes of posterity and land. He is said to have been called by God to leave the house of his father Terah and settle in the land of Canaan, which God now promises to Ab ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
