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Zhongjue Of Qin
Zhongjue -- (), formerly romanized as Chung Chüeh -- was a figure in the legendary prehistory of China. In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origins of the House of Ying made Zhongjue the great-great-grandson of Zhongyan and the father of Feilian. In the same account, Sima records a speech from one of the marquesses of Shen that attested to Zhongjue having been born to Xuxuan "of the Rong" and a lady of Shen from Mount Li and that it was account of this marriage that the Rong were peaceful and Zhongjue served as a vassal of the Zhou kings. Zhongjue himself was said to live among the Rong and to guard the Zhou's " Western March",Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian'' translated by William Nienhauser as '' '', pp. 88 ff Indiana University Press, 1994. Accessed 11 Dec 2013. Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian'' Guoxue, 2003. Accessed 11 Dec 2013. a territory in modern Gansu controlling the access from the Xihan, a northern Yan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xirong
Xirong () or Rong were various people who lived primarily in and around the western extremities of ancient China (in modern Gansu and Qinghai). They were known as early as the Shang dynasty (1765–1122 BCE), as one of the Four Barbarians that frequently (and often violently) interacted with the sinitic Huaxia civilization. They typically resided to the west of Guanzhong Plains from the Zhou dynasty (1046–221 BCE) onwards. They were mentioned in some ancient Chinese texts as perhaps genetically and linguistically related to the people of the Chinese civilization. Etymology The historian Li Feng says that during the Western Zhou period, since the term ''Rong'' "warlike foreigners" was "often used in bronze inscriptions to mean 'warfare', it is likely that when a people was called 'Rong', the Zhou considered them as political and military adversaries rather than as cultural and ethnic 'others'." Paul R. Goldin also proposes that ''Rong'' was a "pseudo-ethnonym" meaning "belli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wei River
The Wei River () is a major river in west-central China's Gansu and Shaanxi provinces. It is the largest tributary of the Yellow River and very important in the early development of Chinese civilization. In ancient times, such as in the Records of the Grand Historian, the river was called Wei Shui (). The total length of the Wei River is , covering a drainage area of . Some of the major tributaries include the Luo River, Jing River, Niutou RiverFeng Riverand the Chishui River. In a direct line, it travels due east for before draining into the Yellow River at Tongguan County near the tri-provincial boundary between Shaanxi, Shanxi and Henan provinces, with a series of major cities along its course including Tianshui, Baoji, Xianyang, Xi'an and Weinan. Course The source of the Wei River starts in the mountainous region in southern Weiyuan County (literally meaning "Wei's source"), Gansu province, with the westernmost headwater of its mainstem Qingyuan River (清源 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yangtze
The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ) is the longest river in Eurasia and the third-longest in the world. It rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau and flows including Dam Qu River the longest source of the Yangtze, in a generally easterly direction to the East China Sea. It is the fifth-largest primary river by discharge volume in the world. Its drainage basin comprises one-fifth of the land area of China, and is home to nearly one-third of the country's population. The Yangtze has played a major role in the history, culture, and economy of China. For thousands of years, the river has been used for water, irrigation, sanitation, transportation, industry, boundary-marking, and war. The Yangtze Delta generates as much as 20% of China's GDP, and the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze is the largest hydro-electric power station in the world. In mid-2014, the Chinese government announced it was building a multi-tier transport network, comprising railway ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xihan River
The Xihan or Western Han River ( Chinese: trad. , simp. , ''Xīhànshuǐ'') is a northern tributary of the Jialing River, itself a tributary of the Yangtze The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ) is the longest river in Eurasia and the third-longest in the world. It rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau and flows including Dam Qu River the longest source of the Yangtze, i .... Within China, it is also known as the "Rhinoceros River" (, ''Xīniújiāng''). The "Western" in its name distinguishes this river from the Han River, today known in Chinese as the ''Hanjiang'' () but historically known as the ''Hanshui'' (). See also * Han River () References Rivers of China Yangtze River {{China-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gansu
Gansu is a provinces of China, province in Northwestern China. Its capital and largest city is Lanzhou, in the southeastern part of the province. The seventh-largest administrative district by area at , Gansu lies between the Tibetan Plateau, Tibetan and Loess Plateau, Loess plateaus and borders Mongolia's Govi-Altai Province, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia to the north, Xinjiang and Qinghai to the west, Sichuan to the south and Shaanxi to the east. The Yellow River passes through the southern part of the province. Part of Gansu's territory is located in the Gobi Desert. The Qilian Mountains, Qilian mountains are located in the south of the Province. Gansu has a population of 26 million, ranking List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, 22nd in China. Its population is mostly Han Chinese, Han, along with Hui people, Hui, Dongxiangs, Dongxiang and Tibetan people, Tibetan minorities. The most common language is Mandarin. Gansu is among the poorest administrative divi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Western March
Li County or Lixian is an administrative division of the prefecture-level city of Longnan in southeastern Gansu, a northwestern province of China. The 2010 Chinese census found a population of 458,237, a decline of around 25,000 from the year 2000 but still placing it second in size within its prefecture.National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Cited in ''Geohive''.China – Gansu Sheng". 2013. Accessed 5 December 2013. The county seat is also known as Lixian, formerly romanized as Li Hsien. It is located at the confluence of the Western Han and Yanzi rivers, tributaries of the Jialing and Yangtze watersheds. Commanding a valley connecting the Yellow and Yangtze river systems, it was an important outpost of the Shang and Zhou dynasties and was the initial seat of the Ying family who later established the kingdom and empire of Qin. Geography Lixian is bordered within Longnan by the counties of Xihe to the east, Wudu to the south, and T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhou Dynasty
The Zhou dynasty ( ) was a royal dynasty of China that existed for 789 years from until 256 BC, the longest span of any dynasty in Chinese history. During the Western Zhou period (771 BC), the royal house, surnamed Ji, had military control over territories centered on the Wei River valley and North China Plain. Even as Zhou suzerainty became increasingly ceremonial over the following Eastern Zhou period (771–256 BC), the political system created by the Zhou royal house survived in some form for several additional centuries. A date of 1046 BC for the Zhou's establishment is supported by the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project and David Pankenier, but David Nivison and Edward L. Shaughnessy date the establishment to 1045 BC. The latter Eastern Zhou period is itself roughly subdivided into two parts. During the Spring and Autumn period (), power became increasingly decentralized as the authority of the royal house diminished. The Warring States ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mount Li
Mount Li () is a mountain located in the northeast of Xi'an in Shaanxi Province, China. The mountain is part of the Qinling mountain range and rises to a height of 1302 metres (4271 ft) above sea level. It is one of the eight scenic spots of the Guanzhong Plain and popularly said to "shine like a beacon in the evening sunlight". Ancient era Some ancient tales say that the literal Chinese name "Black Steed Mountain" stems from its resemblance to a horse whilst others that the name arose during the Shang and Zhou dynasties because the "Black Steed Tribe", lived in this area. Another legend cites the mountain as the place from where the Mount Li goddess Lishan Laomu and Nüwa, creator of mankind, repaired the wall of heaven. The two goddesses have long been worshipped on the same mountain. In 771 BCE, King You of Zhou was slain at its foothills alongside his loyal vassal Duke Huan of Zheng. This marked the collapse of the mighty Western Zhou dynasty and began a very long age o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xuxuan
Xuxuan (), formerly romanized as Hsü-hsüan, was a legendary figure of Chinese history. He was a descendant of Bo Yi according to traditional accounts. In the ''Records of the Grand Historian'', Sima Qian's account of the origin of the House of Ying omits Xuxuan, simply stating that Zhongyan's great-great-grandson was Zhongjue. However, he later relates the speech of one of the marquesses of Shen, who states that "Xuxuan of the Rong" (, , ''Róng Xūxuān''), meaning that he was living with the Rong, was married to the daughter of one of his ancestors. This daughter of Shen was born at Mount Li (, , ''Lìshān'') and gave birth to Zhongjue. He says this was the cause of peace between the Zhou and the Rong, as well as the reason for the allegiance of Zhongjue to the Zhou kings.Sima Qian. ''Records of the Grand Historian The ''Shiji'', also known as ''Records of the Grand Historian'' or ''The Grand Scribe's Records'', is a Chinese historical text that is the first of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanization Of Chinese
Romanization of Chinese is the use of the Latin alphabet to transliterate Varieties of Chinese, Chinese. Chinese uses a logographic script and its Chinese characters, characters do not represent phonemes directly. There have been many systems using Romanization, Roman characters to represent Chinese throughout history. Linguist Daniel Kane (linguist), Daniel Kane wrote, "It used to be said that sinologists had to be like musicians, who might compose in one key and readily transcribe into other keys." The dominant international standard for Standard Chinese, Standard Mandarin since about 1982 has been Pinyin, Hanyu Pinyin, invented by a group of Chinese linguists, including Zhou Youguang, in the 1950s. Other well-known systems include Wade–Giles (Beijing Mandarin) and Yale romanization (Yale romanization of Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin and Yale romanization of Cantonese, Cantonese). There are many uses for Chinese romanization. Most broadly, it is used to provide a useful way for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Of Shen
Shen () was a vassal state of the Zhou dynasty ruled by the Jiang (姜) family as an earldom. At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn period, the Shen state was annexed by the Chu state and became one of its counties. Territory Located around the states of Chén and Zhèng, the State of Shēn lay to the south of modern-day Huáiyáng and Xīnzhèng counties in Henan Province. The state's capital stood in Wăn County (宛县) , Nányáng bordered to the north by the Míngè Pass (冥厄關/冥厄关) and to the south by the Huai River. History The history of the State of Shen began with the bestowal of the Earldom of Shēn (later a Marquessate) which descended from the matriarchal line of the Zhōu Kings. During the reign of King Xuān of Zhōu (reigned 827 – 782 BCE), the Earl of Shēn was granted the title and lands of King Xuān's maternal uncle in the former State of Xiè (謝國/谢国). ”Book of Songs” Da Ya (大雅) The enfeoffed territory of the State of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
