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Zeno Family
The Zeno family, also known as Zen, was a patrician family that belonged to the small circle of Venetian noble families, whose members played important role in the history of the Republic of Venice. Notable members *Apostolo Zeno (1669–1750) Venetian poet, librettist, and journalist. * Carlo Zeno (1333–1418) Venetian Admiral during War of Chioggia, but also mercenary * Giovanni Battista Zeno (died 1501), Roman Catholic Cardinal since 1468, nephew of Pope Paul II *Nicolò Zen the younger (1515–1565) Venetian Senator and hydraulic engineer * Pietro Zeno (died 1345) Bailo of Negroponte, commander at Adramyttion and the Smyrniote crusades * Pietro Zeno, Lord of Andros and Syros (died 1427) * Reniero Zeno (died 1268) 45th Doge of Venice * Zeno brothers: Nicolò (c. 1326–c. 1402) and Antonio (died c. 1403), marine merchants and putative explorers The family was also the owner of Villa Zeno Villa Zeno is a patrician villa at Cessalto, Veneto, northern Italy, and is the mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zen Arms
Zen (; from Chinese: ''Chán''; in Korean: ''Sŏn'', and Vietnamese: ''Thiền'') is a Mahayana Buddhist tradition that developed in China during the Tang dynasty by blending Indian Mahayana Buddhism, particularly Yogacara and Madhyamaka philosophies, with Chinese Taoist thought, especially Xuanxue, Neo-Daoist. Zen originated as the Chan Buddhism, Chan School (禪宗, ''chánzōng'', 'meditation school') or the Buddha-nature, Buddha-mind school (佛心宗'', fóxīnzōng''), and later developed into various sub-schools and branches. Chan is traditionally believed to have been brought to China by the semi-legendary figure Bodhidharma, an Indian (or Central Asian) monk who is said to have introduced dhyana teachings to China. From China, Chán spread south to Vietnam and became Thiền, Vietnamese Thiền, northeast to Korea to become Korean Seon, Seon Buddhism, and east to Japan, becoming Japanese Zen. Zen emphasizes Buddhist meditation, meditation practice, direct insight int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pietro Zeno (died 1345)
Pietro Zeno (died 17 January 1345) was the Venetian captain and bailiff of Negroponte (1331–33) and one of the leaders of the Smyrniote crusade (1343–45). In May–June 1332, an Aydinid Turkish fleet of 380 ships under Umur Bey attacked Negroponte. Zeno bought them off with a large tribute. On 18 July 1332, Doge Francesco Dandolo charged Zeno and Pietro da Canale with arranging an anti-Turkish alliance. By the end of the year the Naval League, "a union, society and league for the discomfiture of the Turks and the defence of the true faith", had been formally constituted. In 1334 Zeno took command of the league's fleet of twenty galleys and on 14 September defeated the large fleet of Yakhshi, emir of Karasi, off Adramyttion. In September 1343, the Venetian Grand Council elected Zeno captain of the flotilla of five galleys which it was sending to assist the crusade against Aydinid-held Smyrna Smyrna ( ; , or ) was an Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek city located at a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Villa Zeno
Villa Zeno is a patrician villa at Cessalto, Veneto, northern Italy, and is the most easterly villa designed by Italian Renaissance architect Andrea Palladio. The building is near the highway between Venice and Trieste, but was built to face a canal which served as the primary means of arrival. History Palladio's building for the Zeno family has been dated to the 1550s. It is illustrated in ''I quattro libri dell'architettura'', the architect's influential publication of 1570, and has similarities to some of the other villas described there such as the Villa Saraceno. It is also reminiscent of Villa Caldogno Nordera, which is attributed to Palladio, but is not included in ''I quattro libri''. Palladio appears to have incorporated an existing building, and his villa has had several modifications. Its Palladian features include a facade characterised by a triple-arched loggia. The roof is capped with period clay tiles, and the structure is of brick covered with stucco, typical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zeno Brothers
The Zeno brothers, Nicolò (c. 1326 – c. 1402) and Antonio (died c. 1403), were Italian noblemen from the Republic of Venice who lived during the 14th century. They became well known in 1558, when their descendant, Nicolò Zeno the Younger, published a map and a series of letters purporting to describe an exploration made by the brothers of the north Atlantic and Arctic waters during the 1390s. The younger Nicolò claimed the documents were discovered in a storeroom of his family home. Widely accepted at the time of publication, the map was incorporated into the works of major cartographers, including Gerardus Mercator. Modern historians and geographers have disputed the veracity of the map and the described voyages, with some accusing the younger Zeno of forgery. Nicolò and Antonio were brothers of the Venetian naval hero Carlo Zeno. The Zeno family was an established part of the aristocracy of Venice and had the franchise for transportation between Venice and the Holy L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reniero Zeno
Coat of arms of Reniero Zeno Silver Grosso of Doge Raniero Zeno, 1253–1268, Venice. Reniero Zeno () (died 7 July 1268) was the 45th Doge of Venice, reigning from 1 January 1253 until his death in 1268. Life The first references to Reniero Zeno in historical sources describe him as a diplomat in France and Italy, where he was excommunicated for having pushed Bologna to avoid paying tributes to the Papal States. In 1240 he helped Doge Jacopo Tiepolo during the siege of Ferrara, in 1242 put down a revolt in Zara and in 1244 he was named ''capitano generale da Mar'' (fleet commander) of the Republic of Venice. He was also the ''podestà'' (Chief Magistrate) of numerous Italian cities. After the death of Marino Morosini, Zeno, who was then ''podestà'' of Fermo, was elected Doge with 21 out of 41 votes. In 1256–1259 he, already lifted from the excommunication, helped Pope Alexander IV and Treviso in the war for the Marca Trevigiana against the Ghibelline warlord Ezzelino IV ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pietro Zeno, Lord Of Andros And Syros
Pietro Zeno (died 1427), was lord of Andros from 1384 until his death in 1427, and a distinguished diplomat in the service of the Republic of Venice. Life Pietro Zeno was the son of the Venetian ''bailo'' at Negroponte, also named Pietro Zeno. In early 1384 he married Petronilla Crispo, daughter of Francesco I Crispo, tenth Duke of the Archipelago, as part of the latter's attempt to secure Venetian recognition of his usurpation of the ducal throne after murdering his predecessor, Nicholas III dalle Carceri. According to the wedding agreement signed on March 1384, Pietro was to receive as his wife's dowry the islands of Andros and Syros; he was eventually infeoded with Andros on February 2, 1385.Syros was given to a son of Francesco Crispo (Miller, 1908, p. 597) Zeno was a very able diplomat; the historian of Frankish Greece William Miller calls him "a diplomatist of unrivalled experience in the tortuous politics of the Levant" and "the most useful diplomatist of the age". As ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smyrniote Crusades
The Smyrniote crusades (1343–1351) were two Crusades sent by Pope Clement VI against the Beylik of Aydin under Umur Bey which had as their principal target the coastal city of Smyrna in Asia Minor. The crusade was mostly successful in restricting piracy and leading to Umur's death and Smyrna remained in Latin hands until 1402. Background Smyrna had been conquered at the beginning of the 14th century by the Aydinids The Aydinids or Aydinid dynasty ( Modern Turkish: ''Aydınoğulları'', ''Aydınoğulları Beyliği'', Old Anatolian Turkish: آیدین اوغوللاری بیلیغی, also known as the Principality of Aydin and Beylik of Aydin (), was one ... who had used it since 1326-1329 as base for piracy in the southeastern Mediterranean sea. By the early 1340s the Aydinids and other Turkish beyliks had forced several Aegean islands to pay tributes and had devastated the surrounding coastal regions. The first Smyrniote crusade was the brainchild of Clement VI. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Adramyttion (1334)
The Battle of Adramyttion occurred in autumn 1334 between the fleets of a Christian naval league, headed by the Republic of Venice and the Knights Hospitaller, and of the Turkish beylik of Karasi. The battle was a Christian victory. Background The Naval League participants agreed to assemble a fleet of 40 galleys, of which 10 vessels each were contributed by Venice and the Hospitallers, six each by the Byzantines and Cyprus, and another eight jointly by the Pope and the King of France. The fleet would gather at the Venetian stronghold of Negroponte, and operate for a period of five months. In the event, the Byzantines did not send any ships, so the League fleet that sailed in 1334 comprised 34 galleys. The Venetian fleet began operations in winter 1333/1334, fighting the combined fleets of the Turkish beys Umur of Aydin and Suleyman of Sarukhan off the Morea, as well as the forces of a Slav pirate, Zassis. Battle The Franco-Papal squadron joined up with the other squadrons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bailo Of Negroponte
The ''bailo'' and captain of Negroponte was the representative of the Republic of Venice stationed at Chalcis (Negroponte) on the island of Euboea. The ''bailo'' played an important role as the mediator between, and ''de facto'' overlord of, the Triarchy of Negroponte, triarchs of Euboea, who had their common residence in Negroponte. The triarchies were created by the division of the island between three rulers (triarchs) after its conquest following the Fourth Crusade (1204). The Venetian language, Venetian title ''bailo'' (plural ''baili'') derives from the Medieval Latin, Latin ''baiulus''. In English, it may be translated bailiff, or otherwise rendered as bailey, baili, bailie, bailli or baillie. List of ''baili'' :Notes: ''maggiore'' = "the elder"; ''q.'' = quondam = "son of the late" *1216–???? Pietro Barbo il Zanco *1222–1224 Benedetto Falier *1250 Marino Michiel *1252–1254 Leone Sanudo *1254–1256 Paolo Gradenigo *1256–1258 Marco Gradenigo *1258 Tommaso Giustinia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nicolò Zen The Younger
Nicolò Zen the Younger (1515–1565) was a Venetian senator. Nicolò was the son of Caterino Zen, a prominent literary figure of the time. He was schooled in science and the humanities and became an accomplished hydraulic engineer. His political career started with securing the post of ''Savio agli ordini dell'arsenale'' (Special Commissioner for the Arsenal) at the age of 23. Although Zen advocated a peaceful approach to the Ottoman Empire, Venice became involved in a war with them, 1537-1540. This led to the defeat of the Venetians in the Battle of Preveza which took place on 28 September 1538. By the end of the war Venice had lost many of its island possessions in the eastern Mediterranean. In 1558, Zen published a map and a series of letters which he claimed to have discovered in a storeroom of the family's home in Venice. The letters and map purported to describe a voyage in the northern Atlantic undertaken by his ancestors, Nicolò and Antonio Zeno, in the 1390s. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patricianship
Patricianship, the quality of belonging to a patriciate, began in the ancient world, where cities such as Ancient Rome had a social class of patrician families, whose members were initially the only people allowed to exercise many political functions. In the rise of European towns in the 12th and 13th centuries, the patriciate, a limited group of families with a special constitutional position, in Henri Pirenne's view, was the motive force. In 19th century Central Europe, the term had become synonymous with the upper Bourgeoisie and cannot be interchanged with the medieval patriciate in Central Europe. In the maritime republics of the Italian Peninsula as well as in German-speaking parts of Europe, the patricians were as a matter of fact the ruling body of the medieval town. Particularly in Italy, they were part of the nobility. With the establishment of the medieval towns, Italian city-states and maritime republics, the patriciate was a formally-defined social class of gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pope Paul II
Pope Paul II (; ; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 30 August 1464 to his death in 1471. When his maternal uncle became Pope Eugene IV, Barbo switched from training to be a merchant to religious studies. His rise in the Church was relatively rapid. Elected pope in 1464, Paul amassed a great collection of art and antiquities. Early life Pietro Barbo was born in Venice, the son of Niccolò Barbo and wife Polissena Condulmer.Weber, Nicholas. "Pope Paul II." The Catholic Encyclopedia Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 15 May 2020. His mother was the sister of Pope Eugene IV (1431–1447). Through his f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
