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Zaire Aero Service
Zaire, officially the Republic of Zaire, was the name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1971 to 18 May 1997. Located in Central Africa, it was, by area, the third-largest country in Africa after Sudan and Algeria, and the 11th-largest country in the world from 1965 to 1991. With a population of over 23 million, Zaire was the most populous Francophone country in Africa. Zaire was strategically important to the West during the Cold War, particularly the U.S., as a counterbalance to Soviet influence in Africa. The U.S. and its allies supported the Mobutu regime (1965–1997) with military and economic aid to prevent the spread of communism. The country was a one-party totalitarian military dictatorship, run by Mobutu Sese Seko and his Popular Movement of the Revolution. Zaire was established following Mobutu's seizure of power in a military coup in 1965, after five years of political upheaval following independence from Belgium known as the Congo Crisis. Zaire ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prime Ministers Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo
This is a list of Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, prime ministers of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly the Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), Republic of the Congo and Zaire) since the country's independence in 1960. The current Prime Minister is Judith Suminwa, since 12 June 2024; she is the List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government, first woman in the post. List of officeholders ;Political parties ;Other affiliations Timeline Rank by time in office See also * Politics of the Democratic Republic of the Congo * President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo ** List of presidents of the Democratic Republic of the Congo * Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo * List of colonial governors of the Congo Free State and Belgian Congo Notes References External links World Statesmen – Congo (Kinshasa) {{Democratic Republic of the Congo topics Prime ministers of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic Church In The Democratic Republic Of The Congo
Catholicism has a major presence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It is part of the worldwide Catholic Church under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome. According to the 2020 Report on International Religious Freedom, an estimated 47.3% of the population are Catholic. There are six archdioceses and 41 dioceses. The largest of these is the Archdiocese of Kinshasa. Its archbishop, Fridolin Ambongo Besungu, is the president of the Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar. The impact of the Catholic Church in the DRC is difficult to overestimate. Schatzberg has called it the country's "only truly national institution apart from the state." Besides involving more than 50 percent of the population in its religious services, its schools have educated over 60 percent of the nation's primary school students and more than 40 percent of its secondary students during the 20th century. The church owns and manages an extensive network of hospitals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Presidential System
A presidential, strong-president, or single-executive system (sometimes also congressional system) is a form of government in which a head of government (usually titled " president") heads an executive branch that derives its authority and legitimacy from a source that is separate from the legislative branch. The system was popularized by its inclusion in the Constitution of the United States. This head of government is often also the head of state. In a presidential system, the head of government is directly or indirectly elected by a group of citizens and is not responsible to the legislature, and the legislature cannot dismiss the president except in extraordinary cases. A presidential system contrasts with a parliamentary system, where the head of government (usually called a prime minister) derives their power from the confidence of an elected legislature, which can dismiss the prime minister with a simple majority. Not all presidential systems use the title of ''p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Popular Movement Of The Revolution
The Popular Movement of the Revolution (, Abbreviation, abbr. MPR) was the ruling political party in Zaire (known for part of its existence as the Democratic Republic of the Congo). For most of its existence, it was one-party state, the only legally permitted party in the country. It was founded by Joseph-Désiré Mobutu (later Mobutu Sese Seko) on 20 May 1967. Ideology The official ideology of the MPR, as laid down in the Manifesto of N'sele in May 1967, incorporated "nationalism", "revolution", and "Authenticité (Zaire), authenticity". Revolution was described as a "truly national revolution, essentially pragmatic," which called for "the repudiation of both capitalism and communism."Crawford Young and Thomas Turner, ''The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State'', p. 210 One of the MPR's slogans was "Neither Left-wing politics, left nor Right-wing politics, right," to which would be added "nor even Centrism, centre" in later years. Nevertheless, historians consider Mobutu's re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
One-party State
A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system. In a one-party state, all opposition parties are either outlawed or enjoy limited and controlled participation in election An election is a formal group decision-making process whereby a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold Public administration, public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative d ...s. The term "''de facto'' one-party state" is sometimes used to describe a dominant-party system that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power. Membership in the ruling party tends to be relatively small compared to the population. Rather, they give out private goods to fellow elites to ensur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobutism
Mobutism () or Mobutuism () was the state ideology of Zaire (present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo) during the latter half of the 20th century, when it was under the one-party rule of the Popular Movement of the Revolution. Mobutism encompassed and glorified the thoughts, visions, and policies of Zairian president and self-proclaimed "Father of the Nation," Mobutu Sese Seko. The ideology included such major Mobutu initiatives as " Zairianization." The Popular Movement of the Revolution (MPR) was entrenched as the single legal political party in a one-party state in Zaire. Originally Mobutu designed the constitution of Zaire to have a figurehead opposition party but later claimed that the constitution only recommended but did not demand this and thus a one-party state was created and all other political parties were banned afterwards in 1966. The ideology laid down in the Manifesto of N'sele, incorporated "nationalism," "revolution," and " authenticity." Revolution was descr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unitary State
A unitary state is a (Sovereign state, sovereign) State (polity), state governed as a single entity in which the central government is the supreme authority. The central government may create or abolish administrative divisions (sub-national or sub-state units). Such units exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate. Although Power (social and political), political power may be delegated through devolution to regional or local governments by statute, the central government may alter the statute, to override the decisions of Devolution, devolved governments or expand their powers. The modern unitary state concept originated in France; in the aftermath of the Hundred Years' War, national feelings that emerged from the war unified France. The war accelerated the process of transforming France from a feudal monarchy to a unitary state. The French people, French then later spread unitary states by conquests, throughout Europe during and after the Napoleoni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mobutu Sese Seko
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa za Banga ( ; born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997), often shortened to Mobutu Sese Seko or Mobutu and also known by his initials MSS, was a Congolese politician and military officer who was the first and only president of Zaire from 1971 to 1997. Previously, Mobutu served as the second president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1965 to 1971. He also served as the fifth chairperson of the Organisation of African Unity from 1967 to 1968. During the Congo Crisis, Mobutu, serving as Chief of Staff of the Army and supported by Belgium and the United States, deposed the democratically elected government of left-wing nationalist Patrice Lumumba in 1960. Mobutu installed a government that arranged for Lumumba's execution in 1961, and continued to lead the country's armed forces until he took power directly in a second coup in 1965. To consolidate his power, he established the Popular Movement of the Revolution as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo
The president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (, , Lingala: ''Mokonzi wa Republíki ya Kongó Demokratíki'') is the head of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, armed forces. The position of president in the DRC has existed since the first constitution – known as The Fundamental Law – of 1960. However the powers of this position have varied over the years, from a limited shared role in the executive branch, with a prime minister, to a full-blown dictatorship. Under the current Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, constitution, the President exists as the highest institution in a Semi-presidential republic, semi-presidential republic. The president is protected by the Republican Guard (Democratic Republic of the Congo), Republican Guard. The constitutional mandate of the then president, Joseph Kabila, was due to expire on 20 December 2016 but was initially ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kinshasa
Kinshasa (; ; ), formerly named Léopoldville from 1881–1966 (), is the Capital city, capital and Cities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kinshasa is one of the world's fastest-growing Megacity, megacities, with an estimated population of 17 million in 2024. It is the List of cities and towns in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, most densely populated city in the DRC, the List of cities in Africa by population, most populous city and List of urban areas in Africa by population, third-largest metropolitan area in Africa, and the world's List of largest cities, twenty-second most populous city and List of national capitals by population, fourth-most populous capital city. It is the leading Economy, economic, Politics, political, and cultural center of the DRC, housing several industries including manufacturing, telecommunications, List of banks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, banking, and entertainment. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bantu Mythology
Bantu religion is a system of various spiritual beliefs and practices that relate to the Bantu people of Central Africa, Central, East Africa, East, and Southern Africa, Southern Africa. Although Bantu peoples account for several hundred different ethnic groups, there is a high degree of homogeneity in Bantu cultures and customs, just as in Bantu languages. Many Bantu cultures traditionally believed in a supreme god whose name is a variation of Nyambe, Nyambe/Nzambe and ancestral veneration. The phrase "Bantu tradition" usually refers to the common, recurring themes that are found in all, or most, Bantu cultures on the continent. Traditional beliefs The traditional beliefs and practices of African people are highly diverse beliefs that include various ethnic religions. Generally, these traditions are Oral tradition, oral rather than Religious text, scriptural and passed down from one generation to another through folk tales, songs, and festivals, include belief in an amount of h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baluba Mythology
The Baluba are one of the Bantu peoples of Central Africa. Their creator deity's name is Kabezya-Mpungu. The Baluba people are also known as the Luba people Important religious figures Its adherents believe in the universal creator named Shakapanga. They also believe in three specific figures that make up the supernatural world. These figures include Leza, the supreme god, mikishi or bavidye which are various spirits, and bankambo which are people's ancestors. They also believe that there are three main figures in the living world. These figures include kitobo or nsengha which is a priest, the nganga which is a healer, and the ''mfwintshi'' also known as the witch or the embodiment of evil. Religious activities Some of the common religious practices include praying, singing religious songs, dancing, sacrificing, offerings, and a variety of rituals. Adherents also believe in the interpretation of dreams. Creation myth of Kabezya-Mpungu The Baluba creation story makes a con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
