|
Yōen Jihō
''Yōen jihō'', also known as ''Koloa Times'', was a Japanese language newspaper published from Koloa, Kauai County, Hawaii. The first issue of the publication was issued on February 2, 1921. It was launched by the Kaua'i branch of the Federation of Japanese Labor in the aftermath of the 1920 sugar strike. During its initial phase, the newspaper was published twice weekly. ''Yōen jihō'' was the most radical of the ethnic newspapers in the area at the time. It carried several articles on Marxism and Socialism. Ichiro Izuka served as the editor of the newspaper. ''Yōen jihō'' gained a circulation of 1,000. The newspaper was published by Yoen Jiho Sha Ltd. In 1923 Reverend Seikan Higa, a Methodist pastor, shifted his residence to Koloa. He took over the management of ''Yōen jihō'' in 1925 or 1926. Higa then sold it to Chinyei Kinjo Chinyei Kinjo (金城珍栄)(December 21, 1899 March 3, 1987) was an Okinawan journalist. He ran the '' Yoen jiho'' for most of its 49-year hist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japanese Language
is spoken natively by about 128 million people, primarily by Japanese people and primarily in Japan, the only country where it is the national language. Japanese belongs to the Japonic or Japanese- Ryukyuan language family. There have been many attempts to group the Japonic languages with other families such as the Ainu, Austroasiatic, Koreanic, and the now-discredited Altaic, but none of these proposals has gained widespread acceptance. Little is known of the language's prehistory, or when it first appeared in Japan. Chinese documents from the 3rd century AD recorded a few Japanese words, but substantial Old Japanese texts did not appear until the 8th century. From the Heian period (794–1185), there was a massive influx of Sino-Japanese vocabulary into the language, affecting the phonology of Early Middle Japanese. Late Middle Japanese (1185–1600) saw extensive grammatical changes and the first appearance of European loanwords. The basis of the standard dial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koloa
Kōloa is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kauai County, Hawaii, United States. The population was 2,231 at the 2020 census, up from 1,942 at the 2000 census. The first successful sugarcane plantation in the Hawaiian Islands was started here in 1835. It became a part of Grove Farm in 1948. The name ''Kōloa'' is often incorrectly translated as "native duck", which is the correct translation for the similar-looking ''koloa'' (without the macron). ''Kōloa'' means "a long cane with a crook." According to one account, the district of Kōloa was named for a steep rock called Pali-o-kō-loa which was found in Waikomo Stream. Geography Kōloa is located on the southern side of the island of Kauai at (21.907137, -159.465877). It is bordered to the northwest by Omao and to the south by Poipu. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it recorded as land. Waikomo Stream passes through the center of the commun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kauai County
Kauai County ( haw, Kalana o Kauaʻi) (officially known as the County of Kauai) is a county in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It consists of the islands of Kauai, Niihau, Lehua, and Kaula. As of the 2020 Census the population was 73,298. The county seat is Līhue. The Kapa'a Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Kauai County. Geography According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (51.0%) is water. The Pacific Ocean surrounds the county. Adjacent entities * Honolulu County, Hawaii - southeast * Midway Atoll - northwest National protected areas * Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge * Huleia National Wildlife Refuge * Kilauea Point National Wildlife Refuge Government and politics Kauai County has a mayor-council form of municipal government. Executive authority is vested in the Mayor of Kauai, elected by the voters on a nonpartisan basis to a four-year term. Legislative authority is vested in the seven-member County Co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hawaii
Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only state geographically located within the tropics. Hawaii comprises nearly the entire Hawaiian archipelago, 137 volcanic islands spanning that are physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania. The state's ocean coastline is consequently the fourth-longest in the U.S., at about . The eight main islands, from northwest to southeast, are Niihau, Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lānai, Kahoolawe, Maui, and Hawaii—the last of these, after which the state is named, is often called the "Big Island" or "Hawaii Island" to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago. The uninhabited Northwestern Hawaiian Islands make up most of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, the United States' largest prot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Federation Of Japanese Labor
The Hawaii Federation of Japanese Labor was a labor union in Hawaii formed in 1921. In the early 1900s, Japanese migrants in Hawaii were the majority of plantation workers in the sugar cane field. These individuals were underpaid and overworked, as well as continuously discriminated against by White people on the Hawaiian Islands. A day in the life of a laborer in Hawaii during this period was controlled almost entirely by the plantation owner; and in addition, many laborers were bound by contract to a 3-5 year period, and faced repercussions if this contract was deserted. Alongside the Japanese, there was a very high population of Filipino field workers who advocated for higher wages through the Filipino Labor Union of Hawaii. The Filipino Labor Union presented for higher wages and threatened a worker strike in 1919, and inspired founder Noboru Tsutsumi to organize the Federation of Japanese Labor in 1921. Background and history In 1835, the plantation economy began in Hawai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oahu Sugar Strike Of 1920
The Oahu sugar strike of 1920 was a multiracial strike in Hawaii of two unions, the Filipino American Filipino Labor Union and the Japanese American Federation of Japanese Labor. The labor action involved 8,300 sugar plantation field workers out on strike from January to July 1920. The unions' demands for a pay increase were met by the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association. Some 150 evicted workers and their family members died of the epidemic Spanish flu during the strike, with their poor living conditions presumably contributing to their deaths. Background Before the 1920 strike, when one ethnic group went on strike the other groups worked as strikebreakers, leading to a strike's failure. Before the strike fieldworkers were paid wages that met the poverty line. With the start of World War I, supplies directed to the war effort drove up living expenses and wages remained the same, putting much of the plantation work force into destitution, which lingered after the war ended. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marxism
Marxism is a left-wing to far-left method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development, better known as historical materialism, to understand class relations and social conflict and a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, no single, definitive Marxist theory exists. In addition to the schools of thought which emphasize or modify elements of classical Marxism, various Marxian concepts have been incorporated and adapted into a diverse array of social theories leading to widely varying conclusions. Alongside Marx's critique of political economy, the defining characteristics of Marxism have often been described using the terms dialectical materialism and historical materialism, though these terms were coined after Marx's death and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Socialism
Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the economic, political and social theories and movements associated with the implementation of such systems. Social ownership can be state/public, community, collective, cooperative, or employee. While no single definition encapsulates the many types of socialism, social ownership is the one common element. Different types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning in resource allocation, on the structure of management in organizations, and from below or from above approaches, with some socialists favouring a party, state, or technocratic-driven approach. Socialists disagree on whether government, particularly existing government, is the correct vehicle for change. Socialist systems are divided into non-market and mark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seikan Higa
Seikan Higa (August 7, 1887 1985) was a Methodist minister who was active in Hawaii. He was the first Okinawan minister to practice there. Early life Higa was born on August 7, 1887 as "Gashu Higa" in Naha, Okinawa, Japan. Higa entered Fukuoka Baptist School in 1909, then transferred to the Tokyo Baptist Theological Seminary in Koishikawa, Tokyo. He graduated in 1911 and returned to Okinawa, where he became a minister at the Okinawa Baptist Church. Higa and Iha Fuyū founded the Okinawa Union Church in 1916. He then founded the Tokyo Labor Church in Tokyo in 1919. Hawaii Higa was asked to come to Hawaii to spread the gospel by a Dr. Schwartz in 1921. Higa left two of his four children in Japan with his mother, and moved his family to Hawaii. He settled in Honolulu, and established the Palama Methodist Church. He was the first Okinawan minister to preach in Hawaii. He encouraged the coexistence of Buddhism and Christianity, and spoke out about social welfare issues, such a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Methodism
Methodism, also called the Methodist movement, is a group of historically related Christian denomination, denominations of Protestantism, Protestant Christianity whose origins, doctrine and practice derive from the life and teachings of John Wesley. George Whitefield and John's brother Charles Wesley were also significant early leaders in the movement. They were named ''Methodists'' for "the methodical way in which they carried out their Christian faith". Methodism originated as a Christian revival, revival movement within the 18th-century Church of England and became a separate denomination after Wesley's death. The movement spread throughout the British Empire, the United States, and beyond because of vigorous Christian mission, missionary work, today claiming approximately 80 million adherents worldwide. Wesleyan theology, which is upheld by the Methodist churches, focuses on sanctification and the transforming effect of faith on the character of a Christians, Christian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinyei Kinjo
Chinyei Kinjo (金城珍栄)(December 21, 1899 March 3, 1987) was an Okinawan journalist. He ran the '' Yoen jiho'' for most of its 49-year history. Early life Kinjo was born in Naha, Okinawa on December 21, 1899. He was the son of Chinzen Kinjo, one of the first Okinawan immigrants to Hawaii. Kinjo joined his father in Hawaii much later in life, after graduating from Naha City Business School in 1918. He worked in sugar plantations on Oahu for a few months before enrolling in Iolani School. In 1926, Seikan Higa asked Kinjo to manage a Japanese-language newspaper on Kauai called the ''Yoen jiho''. The newspaper had a lot of unpaid bills at the time, so Kinjo went to plantation camps all over Kauai to solicit subscriptions from laborers. He became the owner and president of the newspaper in 1928. Kinjo was also practiced karate. In 1934, he invited Chojun Miyagi to visit Hawaii and demonstrate karate. Miyagi's visit lasted eight months. Internment In 1942, a few months afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newspapers Established In 1921
A newspaper is a periodical publication containing written information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports and art, and often include materials such as opinion columns, weather forecasts, reviews of local services, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords, editorial cartoons, comic strips, and advice columns. Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of subscription revenue, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often metonymically called newspapers. Newspapers have traditionally been published in print (usually on cheap, low-grade paper called newsprint). However, today most newspapers are also published on websites as online newspapers, and some have even abandoned their print versions entirely. Newspapers developed in the 17th century ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
.jpg "Click for more on -> Socialism")
.jpg "Click for more on -> Methodism")
