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Woyane Rebellion
The Woyane rebellion () was an uprising in the Tigray Province, Ethiopia against the centralization process from the government of Emperor Haile Selassie which took place in May–November 1943. The rebels called themselves the ''Woyane'', a name borrowed from a game played locally between competing groups of young men from different villages, which connoted a spirit of resistance and unity. After nearly succeeding in overrunning the whole province, the rebels were defeated with the support of aircraft from the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force. Out of all the rebellions that engulfed Ethiopia during Haile Selassie's rule, this was the most serious internal threat that he faced. Background In an Imperial determination to weaken the power of the regional nobles and elites of Ethiopia, the Haile Selassie government in 1941 introduced a new regional administration. The law or edict provided for fourteen provinces, around 100 counties, and 600 districts. This then enabled Haile Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
British Military Administration (Eritrea)
Eritrea is an ancient name, associated in the past with its Greek language, Greek form ''Erythraia'', Ἐρυθραία, and its derived Latin form ''Erythræa''. This name relates to that of the Red Sea, then called the ''Erythræan Sea'', from the Greek for "red", ἐρυθρός, ''erythros''. But earlier Eritrea was called Mdre Bahri. The Italians created the colony of Eritrea in the 19th century around Asmara and named it with its current name. After World War II, Eritrea was annexed to Ethiopia. Following the communist Ethiopian government's defeat in 1991 by the coalition created by armed groups notably the EPLF, Eritrea declared its independence. Eritrea officially celebrated its 1st anniversary of independence on May 24, 1993. Prehistory At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between ''Homo erectus'' and an archaic ''Human, Homo sapiens'' was discovered by Eritrean and Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arbegnoch
The Arbegnoch () were Ethiopian anti-fascist World War II resistance fighters in Italian East Africa from 1936 until 1941 who fought against Fascist Italy's occupation of the Ethiopian Empire. The Patriot movement was primarily based in the rural Shewa, Gondar and Gojjam provinces, though it drew support from all over occupied Ethiopia. Several hundred Eritreans also participated. Small cells operated in Addis Ababa and other towns, known as ''Wust Arbagna'' (Insider Patriots). The Black Lions took part in the movement. In 1937/1938, there were an estimated 25,000 active Patriots in Ethiopia. The average band of resistance fighters was estimated in 1938 to have included 400 to 500 members, depending on the agricultural season. The Arbegnoch or Patriots were called Shifta by the Italians. The Patriots had the near-total support of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The majority of participants were Christian highlanders. Ethiopian Muslims were less involved in the Ita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colony Of Aden
Aden Colony () was a crown colony of the United Kingdom from 1937 to 1963 located in the southern part of modern-day Yemen. It consisted of the port city of Aden and also included the outlying islands of Kamaran, Perim and the Khuria Muria archipelago with a total area of . Initially a key port for the British East India Company, it was annexed by the British in 1839 to secure maritime routes and prevent piracy in the Arabian Sea. Its strategic position at the entrance to the Red Sea made it a vital stopover for ships traveling between Europe, India, and the Far East, especially after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Aden quickly became a major coaling station and transit hub for British shipping, and its significance to the British Empire grew throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries. Prior to 1937, Aden had been governed as part of British India (originally as the Aden Settlement subordinate to the Bombay Presidency, and then as a Chief Commissioner's provinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Colonel
Colonel ( ; abbreviated as Col., Col, or COL) is a senior military Officer (armed forces), officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of a regiment in an army. Modern usage varies greatly, and in some cases, the term is used as an Colonel (title), honorific title that may have no direct relationship to military. In some smaller military forces, such as those of Monaco or the Holy See, Vatican, colonel is the highest Military rank, rank. Equivalent naval ranks may be called Captain (naval), captain or ship-of-the-line captain. In the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth's air force ranking system, the equivalent rank is group captain. History and origins By the end of the late medieval period, a group of "companies" was referred to as a "column" of an army. According to Raymond Oliver, , the Spanish began explicitly reorganizing part of thei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dejazmach
Until the end of the Ethiopian monarchy in 1974, there were two categories of nobility in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The Mesafint ( , modern transcription , singular መስፍን , modern , "prince"), the hereditary royal nobility, formed the upper echelon of the ruling class. The Mekwanint ( , modern , singular መኰንን , modern or , "officer") were the appointed nobles, often of humble birth, who formed the bulk of the aristocracy. Until the 20th century, the most powerful people at court were generally members of the ''Mekwanint'' appointed by the monarch, while regionally, the ''Mesafint'' enjoyed greater influence and power. Emperor Haile Selassie greatly curtailed the power of the ''Mesafint'' to the benefit of the ''Mekwanint'', who by then were essentially coterminous with the Ethiopian government. The ''Mekwanint'' were officials who had been granted specific offices in the Abyssinian government or court. Higher ranks from the title of ''Ras'' descending through to ''B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quiha
Kwiha (in Italian colonial spelling Quiha, in recent years by some writers misunderstood as Qwiha without any basis in local spelling and pronunciation) is a town located in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Quiha has the biggest airport in Tigray which is called Alula Aba Nega airport. The name comes from the local word for willows, which are abundant in the area.Nathaniel Pearce, (J.J. Halls, editor), ''The Life and Adventures of Nathaniel Pearce'' (London, 1831), vol. 1 pp. 121-4 Located in the Debub Misraqawi (south-eastern) Zone of the Tigray Regional State, it lies 9 kilometers east of Mekelle straddling Ethiopian Highway 2 which leads to Addis Ababa. It has a latitude and longitude of with an elevation of 2247 meters above sea level. History Antiquity The hill of Kwiha Cherqos located on the eastern fringe of the modern city was settled during the Aksumite Period and hosted monumental buildings, possibly including a church. Monumental stone pillars typical of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enderta Province
Enderta or Inderta () is a former Provinces of Ethiopia, historical province of Ethiopia; it is located in the eastern edge of the Tigray Region, Tigray highlands. Enderta is bordered on the west by Tembien Province, Tembien, on the south and southwest by Lasta and Wag, on the east by denkel (southern Red Sea region of Eritrea), and on the north by Agame and Adwa.Salt, ''A Voyage to Abyssinia'', p. 379 Mekelle was formerly the capital of the province. Enderta's local administration of Denkel/Afar up to the edges of Aseb under its jurisdiction seems to have been highly, interlinked with the operation of the salt trade and its taxation system; the entire tasks of salt caravan organization being the responsibility of the bäalgada, title assumed by the governor of Endärta, since at least the Medieval period. Notable Bea'al gadas included the mighty Ras Robel, grandfather of Emperor Sertse-Dengel as well as the paternal ancestor of Ras Suhul Mikael, Ras Faris the great, Ras Woldeselas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samre, Ethiopia
Samre is a town in northern Ethiopia. Located in the Debub Misraqawi Zone, Debub Misraqawi (south-eastern) Zone of the Tigray Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of with an elevation of 1855 meters above sea level. It is one of two towns in Samre (woreda), Saharti Samre woreda. History The ''Royal Chronicle'' of Emperor Yohannes I of Ethiopia, Yohannes I mentions Samre as one of the settlements involved in the 1677 revolt of Fares and Zamaryam. The town is mentioned again in an inquiry conducted by Emperor Iyasu I of Ethiopia, Iyasu I in 1698, in which he proclaimed that tolls should no longer be collected there. When Charles Tilstone Beke, Charles Beke left Ethiopia, his path took him through Samre (April 1843). He wrote that it was the residence of the governor of "Salowa", and the location of "the salt-market of Tigre, in direct correspondence with Soqota, Sókota in Lasta". When Augustus B. Wylde passed through Samre in the late 1890s, the town had declined sinc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hintalo
Hintalo (), also called Antalo, was Administrative Center of Enderta’s historical wereda of Gabat Melash, is a small town located in the Debub Misraqawi Zone, Debub Misraqawi (Southeastern) Zone of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. It lies on a plateau with an elevation variously reported as 2050 to 2102 meters above sea level. It lies some 20 miles south of Mekelle, the capital of Tigray. The urge to control this fortified mountainous place has provoked frequent engagements among various Tigrayan chiefs since the 17th century. Hintalo flourished as a town in the last quarter of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century. History Origins Historically, Hintalo was the capital city of Enderta Province. Located on a high plateau beneath the south face of Amba Aradam, which made the town a natural fortress. With the advent of ''ras'' Wolde Selassie of Enderta province, Enderta to power as Governor of all Tigray Province, Tigray, Hintalo became the political center of Tigray. Earlie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mekelle
Mekelle (), or Mek'ele, is a List of zones of Ethiopia, special zone and capital city, capital of the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. Mekelle was formerly the capital of Enderta province, Enderta Awrajja, awraja in Tigray Province, Tigray. It is located around north of the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa, with an elevation of above sea level. Administratively, Mekelle is considered a Special Zone, which is divided into seven sub-cities. It is the economic, cultural, and political hub of northern Ethiopia. Mekelle has grown rapidly since 1991 with a population of 61,000 in 1984, 97,000 inhabitants in 1994 (96.5% being Tigrinya-speakers), and 170,000 in 2006 (i.e. 4% of the population of Tigray). Mekelle is the second-largest city in Ethiopia after Addis Ababa, with a population of around 545,000. It is 4 times larger than Adigrat, the second-largest regional center. The majority of the population of Mekelle depends on government employment, commerce, and small-scale enterprises. In 2007, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethiopian Civil War
The Ethiopian Civil War was a civil war in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea, fought between the Ethiopian military junta known as the Derg and Ethiopian-Eritrean anti-government rebels from 12 September 1974 to 28 May 1991. The Derg overthrew the Ethiopian Empire and Emperor Haile Selassie in a 1974 Ethiopian coup d'état, coup d'état on 12 September 1974, establishing Ethiopia as a Communist state, Marxist–Leninist state under a military junta and provisional government. Various opposition groups of ideological affiliations ranging from Communism, Communist to anti-Communist, often drawn from a specific ethnic background, began armed resistance to the Soviet Union, Soviet-backed Derg, in addition to the Eritrean separatism, separatists already fighting in the Eritrean War of Independence. The Derg used military campaigns and the Red Terror (Ethiopia), Qey Shibir (Ethiopian Red Terror) to repress the rebels. By the mid-1980s, various issues such as the 1983–1985 famine in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
