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Working People's Movement
The Working People's Movement (, RLP), also known as the Movement for the Working People, or the Movement of Polish Working People, is a left-wing political party and trade union in Poland. It was founded on 10 October 1989 by trade unionists of All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions (OPZZ) to serve as the political wing of OPZZ. Initially founded as a "political front", it became a political party on 16 December 1990 and was registered on 18 January 1991. It became one of the 30 founding organizations of the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) in 1991, and from 1991 to 2001, RLP held 11 seats in the Sejm as part of SLD. In 1999, the RLP broke away from SLD because it opposed the decision of the SLD to transform from a coalition to a centralized political party, as it wanted to maintain its identity. From 1999 to 2000, the party's MPs formed a parliamentary group together with the Polish Socialist Party, but this was dissolved in 2000 over policy disagreements. The RLP did not participate i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfred Miodowicz
Alfred Miodowicz (28 June 1929 – 17 September 2021) was a Polish politician and trade union activist. He was born in Poznań. A member of communist Polish United Workers Party, he held posts in the State National Council, Central Committee and Political Bureau. He was also the leader of the All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions and took part in the Polish Round Table Agreement The Polish Round Table Talks took place in Warsaw, communist Poland, from 6 February to 5 April 1989. The government initiated talks with the banned trade union ''Solidarity'' and other opposition groups to defuse growing social unrest. Hist .... References 1929 births 2021 deaths Politicians from Poznań People from Poznań Voivodeship (1921–1939) Members of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party Members of the Polish Sejm 1985–1989 Polish trade unionists Polish Round Table Talks participants {{Poland-Sejm-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. The territory has a varied landscape, diverse ecosystems, and a temperate climate. Poland is composed of Voivodeships of Poland, sixteen voivodeships and is the fifth most populous member state of the European Union (EU), with over 38 million people, and the List of European countries by area, fifth largest EU country by area, covering . The capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city is Warsaw; other major cities include Kraków, Wrocław, Łódź, Poznań, and Gdańsk. Prehistory and protohistory of Poland, Prehistoric human activity on Polish soil dates to the Lower Paleolithic, with continuous settlement since the end of the Last Gla ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aleksander Kwaśniewski
Aleksander Kwaśniewski (; born 15 November 1954) is a Polish politician and journalist. He served the maximum two terms as the president of Poland from 1995 to 2005. His tenure as President was marked by modernization of Poland, rapid economic growth (Poland's GDP doubled in ten years), the drafting of a new Constitution of Poland, Polish Constitution (1997), and the accession of Poland to NATO (1999) and the European Union (2004). In 2004, he brokered a pro-democratic agreement during the Orange Revolution in Ukraine. He was born in Białogard, attended the University of Gdańsk, and served as the Ministry of Sport (Poland), Minister of Sport in the communist government during the 1980s. After the fall of Communism, he became a leader of the centre-left Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, a successor to the former ruling Polish United Workers' Party, and a co-founder of the Democratic Left Alliance (Poland), Democratic Left Alliance. Kwaśniewski was elected to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 Polish Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Poland on 5 November 1995, with a second round on 19 November.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1491 The leader of Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland, Social Democracy, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, and incumbent President Lech Wałęsa advanced to the second round. Kwaśniewski won the election with 52% of the vote in the Two-round system, run-off against 48% for Wałęsa. Background Wałęsa's inauguration Lech Wałęsa was 1990 Polish presidential election, elected and sworn in as President of Poland, President in December 1990, succeeding Wojciech Jaruzelski and leading to the ultimate end of Polish People's Republic, communist rule in Poland. Soon after his inauguration, Wałęsa's presently primary rival Prime Minister of Poland, Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki resigned and was followed by Jan Krzysztof Bielecki, a Liberalism in Poland, liberal and economist relatively loyal to Wałęsa. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Barbara Hyla-Makowska
Barbara Zofia Hyla-Makowska ( Szczygielska, 30 March 1946 – 17 November 2022) was a Polish teacher and politician. A member of the Democratic Left Alliance, she served in the Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People' ... from 1993 to 2005. Hyla-Makowska died on 17 November 2022, at the age of 76. References {{DEFAULTSORT:Hyla-Makowska, Barbara 1946 births 2022 deaths People from Przasnysz Democratic Left Alliance politicians Members of the Polish Sejm 1993–1997 Members of the Polish Sejm 1997–2001 Members of the Polish Sejm 2001–2005 Members of Kuyavian-Pomeranian Regional Assembly Women members of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland Polish schoolteachers Jan Długosz University alumni ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democracy Of The Republic Of Poland
Social organisms, including human(s), live collectively in interacting populations. This interaction is considered social whether they are aware of it or not, and whether the exchange is voluntary or not. Etymology The word "social" derives from the Latin word ''socii'' ("allies"). It is particularly derived from the Italian '' Socii'' states, historical allies of the Roman Republic (although they rebelled against Rome in the Social War of 91–87 BC). Social theorists In the view of Karl Marx,Morrison, Ken. ''Marx, Durkheim, Weber. Formations of modern social thought'' human beings are intrinsically, necessarily and by definition social beings who, beyond being "gregarious creatures", cannot survive and meet their needs other than through social co-operation and association. Their social characteristics are therefore to a large extent an objectively given fact, stamped on them from birth and affirmed by socialization processes; and, according to Marx, in producing and reproduc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz
Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (, born 13 September 1950 in Warsaw) is a Polish politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland for a year from 7 February 1996 to 31 October 1997, after being defeated in the Parliamentary elections by the Solidarity Electoral Action (AWS). Career Cimoszewicz was a member of the left-wing Democratic Left Alliance the leftist candidate in the Polish presidential election of 1990, receiving 9 percent of the vote. Cimoszewicz was the Prime Minister of Poland from 1996 to late 1997. October 1996, he became the chairman (office in the rank of minister) of the newly established Committee for European Integration, responsible for preparing Poland for accession negotiations with the European Union. He held this position until 31 October 1997. Cimoszewicz was the Foreign Minister of Poland in the governments of Leszek Miller (2001–2004) and Marek Belka (2004–2005). It was during this time that he, along with Leszek Miller, signed the Accession Treaty ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1990 Polish Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Poland on 25 November 1990, with a second round on 9 December.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1491 They were the first direct presidential elections in the history of Poland, and the first free presidential elections since the May Coup of 1926. Before World War II, presidents were elected by the Sejm. From 1952 to 1989—the bulk of the Communist era—the presidency did not exist as a separate institution, and most of its functions were fulfilled by the State Council of Poland, whose chairman was considered the equivalent of a president. There were six candidates who successfully managed to register - Solidarity chairman Lech Wałęsa, Canadian entrepreneur Stanisław Tymiński, Prime Minister Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Members of the Sejm Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz and Roman Bartoszcze, and anti-communist oppositionist Leszek Moczulski. Despite for a long time coming first in opinion polls, Tadeusz M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adam Schaff
Adam Schaff (10 March 1913 – 12 November 2006) was a Polish Marxist philosopher. Life Of Jewish origin, Schaff was born in Lemberg (Lwow, Lviv) into a lawyer's family. Schaff studied economics at the ''Ecole des Sciences Politiques et Economiques'' in Paris, and philosophy in Poland, specializing in epistemology. In 1945 he received a philosophy degree at Moscow University, and in 1948 he returned to Warsaw University. He was considered the official ideologue of the Polish United Workers' Party, especially during its Stalinist period. He was a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences and of the Club of Rome. Works * ''Word and Concept'' * ''Language and Cognition'' * ''Introduction to Semantics'' * ''Problems of the Marxist Theory of Truth'' * ''A Philosophy of Man'' Several of Schaff's works were translated into German by Witold Leder. External links Adam Schaff (1913-2006) - Necrology See also * History of philosophy in Poland * Marxism Marxism is a polit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish United Workers' Party
The Polish United Workers' Party (, ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other legally permitted subordinate minor parties together as the Front of National Unity and later Patriotic Movement for National Rebirth. Ideologically, it was based on the theories of Marxism-Leninism, with a strong emphasis on left-wing nationalism. The Polish United Workers' Party had total control over public institutions in the country as well as the Polish People's Army, the UB and SB security agencies, the Citizens' Militia (MO) police force and the media. The falsified 1947 Polish legislative election granted the Communist Polish Workers' Party (PPR) complete political authority in post- war Poland. The PZPR was founded forthwith in December 1948 through the unification of the PPR and the Polish Socialist Party (PPS). From 1952 onward, the position of "First Secretary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balcerowicz Plan
The Balcerowicz Plan (), also termed " Shock Therapy", was a method for rapidly transitioning from an economy based on state ownership and central planning, to a capitalist market economy. Named after the Polish minister and economist Leszek Balcerowicz, the free-market economic reforms were adopted in Poland in 1989. A group of experts, which they formed together with Balcerowicz, including Stanisław Gomułka, and , in September 1989 created a reform plan based on an earlier idea of Jeffrey Sachs, and on 6 October, an outline of this plan was presented to the public by Balcerowicz at a press conference broadcast by TVP. There was a 3 year drop in output. Similar reforms were made in a number of countries. The plan has resulted in reduced inflation and budget deficit, while simultaneously increasing unemployment and worsening the financial situation of the poorest members of society. Background The unofficial talks () at Magdalenka and then the Polish Round Table talks o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2005 Polish Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Poland on 9 October and 23 October 2005. The outgoing President of Poland, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, had served the two five-year terms allowed under the constitution and was unable to stand for a third term. Lech Kaczyński defeated Donald Tusk to become President of Poland. The election took place just a month after Kaczyński's Law and Justice party also defeated Tusk's Civic Platform in the parliamentary elections. Background Two center-right candidates, Donald Tusk, chairman of the Civic Platform (PO) and Deputy Marshal of the Sejm, and Lech Kaczyński, honorary chairman of Law and Justice (PiS) and mayor of Warsaw, led the poll in the first round, as was widely expected. As neither received 50 percent of the vote, a second-round was held on 23 October. In this round, Kaczyński defeated Tusk, polling 54.04 percent of the vote. Although both leading candidates came from the center-right, and their two parties had planned to form a coali ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
