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Wind Power In France
In 2021 France reached a total of 18,676 megawatts (MW) installed wind power capacity placing France at that time as the world's seventh largest wind power nation by installed capacity, behind the Wind power in the United Kingdom, United Kingdom and Wind power in Brazil, Brazil and ahead of Wind power in Canada, Canada and Wind power in Italy, Italy. According to the International Energy Agency, IEA the yearly wind production was 20.2 TWh in 2015, representing almost 23% of the 88.4 TWh from renewable sources in France during that year. Wind provided 4.3% of the country's electricity demand in 2015. France has the second largest wind potential in Europe. The country's , wind power potential is due to its large land area and extensive agricultural landscape where turbines may be located more readily as well as access to considerable offshore resources. Timeline of developments * In 2001 the French government initially planned to produce 21% of its electricity consumption with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wind Power In Spain
Spain is one of the countries with the largest wind power capacity installed, with over 27 GW in 2020. In 2013, it had become the first country in the world to have wind power as its main source of energy. History Spain was an early leader in development of wind power, ranking second after Germany by installed capacity until 2006, when it was surpassed by the United States. In November 2009, a wind storm caused wind farms to produce a peak of 53% of total electricity demand (11.546 GW). This was surpassed in November 2011 with a capacity peak of 59% of power demand being generated by wind power. In 2009, the largest producer of wind power in Spain was Iberdrola, with 25.5% of capacity, followed by Acciona with 20.9% and NEO Energia (EDP Renewables) with 8.3%. After the fallout from the financial crisis in 2008 and the dire straits of the Spanish economy in the subsequent period, installations of new wind turbines all but stagnated between 2012 and 2015, remaining at clos ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Engie
Engie SA (stylised in all caps as ENGIE) is a French multinational electric utility company, headquartered in La Défense, Courbevoie. Its activities cover electricity generation and distribution, natural gas, nuclear power, renewable energy, district energy, and the petroleum industry. It is involved in both upstream (engineering, sale, operation, maintenance) and downstream (waste management, dismantling) activities. Engie supplies electricity to 27 countries in Europe and 48 countries worldwide. The company, formed on July 22, 2008, by the merger of Gaz de France and Suez, traces its origins to the Universal Suez Canal Company founded in 1858 to construct the Suez Canal. As of 2022, Engie employed 96,454 people worldwide with revenues of €93.86 billion. Engie is listed on the Euronext exchanges in Paris and Brussels and is a constituent of the CAC 40 index. The company was headed from 2016 to 2020 by Isabelle Kocher, who significantly transformed it, notably by deci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Caisse Des Dépôts Et Consignations
Caisse, a French word, may refer to: * Caisse Desjardins, an association of credit unions in Quebec * Caisse d'Epargne-Illes Balears, a road-bicycle racing team *Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec The Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec (, CDPQ; ) is an institutional investor that manages several public and parapublic pension plans and insurance programs in the Canadian province of Quebec. It was established in 1965 by an act of the ..., a public pension fund in Quebec * Caisse nationale suisse d'assurance en cas d'accidents, a Swiss insurer * Caisse de Stabilisation des Prix du Coton, a Chadian government agency * Mouvement des caisses populaires acadiennes, a credit union in the Canadian province of New Brunswick See also * Caïssa, a neoclassical goddess of chess * Kaissa, a chess program developed in the Soviet Union in the 1960s * Kaïssa, a Cameroon born world musician. * Caisson (other) {{disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iberdrola
Iberdrola, S.A. () is a Spanish multinational electric utility company based in Bilbao, Spain. It has around 40,000 employees and serves around 30 million customers. Subsidiary, Subsidiaries include ScottishPower (United Kingdom), Avangrid (United States) and Neoenergia (Brazil), amongst others. the largest shareholder of the company is the Qatar Investment Authority, with BlackRock and Norges Bank (managers of the Norwegian Government Pension Fund of Norway, Government Pension Fund Global) also holding significant interests. Iberdrola is the largest producer of wind power, and the world's second largest electricity utility by market capitalisation. As of 2023, the company operates a capacity of 62,045 MW, of which 41,246 MW are from renewable sources worldwide. History Pre-WWII Iberdrola was created on November 1, 1992, from the merger between Hidroeléctrica Española and Iberduero. Hidroeléctrica Española, also known as Hidrola, had started in 1907, while Ibe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Adwen (company)
Adwen GmbH (now Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Deutschland GmbH ) is an offshore wind service company headquartered in Bremerhaven, Germany. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Spanish-German company Siemens Gamesa. Previously the company designed, assembled, and installed 5-Megawatt wind turbines for offshore wind farms. It also designed and manufactured rotor blades through its subsidiary Adwen Blades GmbH, headquartered in Stade, Germany. History Adwen was established as Multibrid GmbH by Pfleiderer Wind Energy GmbH in 2000, after acquiring Multibrid turbine technology from Aerodyn, aerodyn Energiesysteme GmbH. In 2003, Multibrid was bought by Prokon Nord Energiesysteme GmbH. In 2007, Multibrid opened a wind turbine assembly plant in Bremerhaven. At the same year, Prokon Nord established a blade manufacturer PN Rotor GmbH. The French nuclear corporation Areva invested in Multibrid in 2007, buying 51% of the company's shares for €150 million. In 2009, Areva acquired P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enbridge
Enbridge Inc. is a multinational pipeline transport, pipeline and energy company headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Enbridge owns and operates pipelines throughout Canada and the United States, transporting crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids, and also generates renewable energy. Enbridge Pipeline System, Enbridge's pipeline system is the longest in North America and the largest oil export pipeline network in the world. Its crude oil system consists of 28,661 kilometres (17,809 miles) of pipelines. Its 38,300 kilometre (23,800 mile) natural gas pipeline system connects multiple Canadian provinces, several US states, and the Gulf of Mexico. The company was formed by Imperial Oil in 1949 as the Interprovincial Pipe Line Company Limited to transport Alberta oil to refineries. Over time, it has grown through acquisition of other existing pipeline companies and the expansion of their projects. Enbridge has been responsible for several oil spills, including a spill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Électricité De France
Électricité de France SA (; ), commonly known as EDF, is a French multinational corporation, multinational electric utility company owned by the government of France. Headquartered in Paris, with €139.7 billion in sales in 2023, EDF operates a diverse portfolio of at least 120 gigawatts of generation capacity in Europe, South America, North America, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. In 2009, EDF was the world's largest producer of electricity. Its 56 active nuclear reactors in France are spread out over 18 sites (18 nuclear power plants). They comprise 32 reactors of 900 MWe, MWe, 20 reactors of 1,300 MWe, MWe, and 4 reactors of 1,450 MWe, all Pressurized water reactor, PWRs. EDF was created on 8 April 1946 by the 1945 parliament, from the merging of various divided actors. EDF led France's post-war energy growth, with a unique focus on civil nuclear energy, through reconstruction and further industrialization within the ''Trente Glorieuses'', being a flagship of France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kilometer
The kilometre ( SI symbol: km; or ), spelt kilometer in American and Philippine English, is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousand metres (kilo- being the SI prefix for ). It is the preferred measurement unit to express distances between geographical places on land in most of the world; notable exceptions are the United States and the United Kingdom where the statute mile is used. Pronunciation There are two common pronunciations for the word. # # The first pronunciation follows a pattern in English whereby SI units are pronounced with the stress on the first syllable (as in kilogram, kilojoule and kilohertz) and the pronunciation of the actual base unit does not change irrespective of the prefix (as in centimetre, millimetre, nanometre and so on). It is generally preferred by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). Man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Meter
The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). Since 2019, the metre has been defined as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of of a second, where the second is defined by a hyperfine transition frequency of caesium. The metre was originally defined in 1791 by the French National Assembly as one ten-millionth of the distance from the equator to the North Pole along a great circle, so the Earth's polar circumference is approximately . In 1799, the metre was redefined in terms of a prototype metre bar. The bar used was changed in 1889, and in 1960 the metre was redefined in terms of a certain number of wavelengths of a certain emission line of krypton-86. The current definition was adopted in 1983 and modified slightly in 2002 to clarify that the metre is a measure of proper length. From 1983 until 2019, the metre was formally defined as the length of the path t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MegaWatt
The watt (symbol: W) is the unit of Power (physics), power or radiant flux in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1 joule per second or 1 kg⋅m2⋅s−3. It is used to quantification (science), quantify the rate of Work (physics), energy transfer. The watt is named in honor of James Watt (1736–1819), an 18th-century Scottish people, Scottish inventor, mechanical engineer, and chemist who improved the Newcomen engine with his own Watt steam engine, steam engine in 1776, which became fundamental for the Industrial Revolution. Overview When an object's velocity is held constant at one meter per second against a constant opposing force of one Newton (unit), newton, the rate at which Work (physics), work is done is one watt. \mathrm. In terms of electromagnetism, one watt is the rate at which electrical work is performed when a current of one ampere (A) flows across an electrical potential difference of one volt (V), meaning the watt is equivalent to the vo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nameplate Capacity
Nameplate capacity, also known as the rated capacity, nominal capacity, installed capacity, maximum effect or gross capacity, IAEA-PRIS is the intended full-load sustained output of a facility such as a ,Energy glossary '' Energy Information Administration''. Retrieved: 23 September 2010. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
