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War Of The Languages
The war of the languages (; ) was a heated debate in the land of Israel over the language of instruction in the region's new Jewish schools. This "language war" was a cornerstone event in the history of the revival of the Hebrew language. Background In 1904, Hebrew was the language of instruction in 6 of the 29 organized schools in the Land of Israel. In 1908, it was decided to establish the first professional post-secondary institution in Israel, from which the Technion in Haifa later grew. The name chosen for the new institution was Technikum (), which was meant to educate and train skilled workers (work managers, technicians, assistant engineers). In addition, a school with two majors, a technical major and a practical major, was to be established alongside it. History In 1913, the German Jewish aid agency ', which had maintained schools for Jewish immigrants in Palestine since 1905, sought to establish German as the language of instruction at the first technical high s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Asefa Nave Shalom , Ethiopian long-distance runner
* Sutume Asefa Kebede, Ethiopian long-distance runner
Asefa is an Ethiopian name, in which tradition it can be either given name or patronymic. Notable people with the name include: * Manamto Asefa, Israeli footballer *Asefa Mengstu Asefa Mengstu (born January 22, 1988) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specialises in road running competitions. Career Individually, he finished 15th at the 2010 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships, but he won a team bronze medal. See also * {{given name ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Svetlana Reingold
Svetlana Reingold () is an Israeli museologist and curator, who is currently serving as Chief Curator of Haifa Museum of Art. Biography Svetlana Reingold graduated from Haifa University in 1996 with BA degree and in 2000 received MA degree from the same university. Reingold worked in different positions in Haifa Museums from 1996 till 2010, when she was appointed curator of the Mane Katz Museum. She was additionally appointed to be curator of Hermann Struck Museum in 2013. Reingold was appointed curator of Haifa Museum of Art in March 2015. In her work as curator, Reingold is a major proponent of "Artivism" and the idea that art is not only here for beauty, but also is a major part of changing the world. Exhibitions Svetlana Reingold curated the "Mané-Katz: The Jewish Heritage" exhibition in Mane Katz Museum in 2011, "SANCTITY - ART - AESTHETICS" in 2012 and "The Wandering Jew: an Artistic Reflection" exhibition in 2015 in the same museum. Her first exhibition cluster ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hebrew Language
Hebrew (; ''ʿÎbrit'') is a Northwest Semitic language within the Afroasiatic language family. A regional dialect of the Canaanite languages, it was natively spoken by the Israelites and remained in regular use as a first language until after 200 CE and as the liturgical language of Judaism (since the Second Temple period) and Samaritanism. The language was revived as a spoken language in the 19th century, and is the only successful large-scale example of linguistic revival. It is the only Canaanite language, as well as one of only two Northwest Semitic languages, with the other being Aramaic, still spoken today. The earliest examples of written Paleo-Hebrew date back to the 10th century BCE. Nearly all of the Hebrew Bible is written in Biblical Hebrew, with much of its present form in the dialect that scholars believe flourished around the 6th century BCE, during the time of the Babylonian captivity. For this reason, Hebrew has been referred to by Jews as '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jews And Judaism In Ottoman Palestine
Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly interrelated, as Judaism is their ethnic religion, though it is not practiced by all ethnic Jews. Despite this, religious Jews regard converts to Judaism as members of the Jewish nation, pursuant to the long-standing conversion process. The Israelites emerged from the pre-existing Canaanite peoples to establish Israel and Judah in the Southern Levant during the Iron Age. John Day (2005), ''In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel'', Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 47.5 8'In this sense, the emergence of ancient Israel is viewed not as the cause of the demise of Canaanite culture but as its upshot'. Originally, Jews referred to the inhabitants of the kingdom of JudahCf. Marcus Jastrow's ''Dictionary of the Targumim, Talmud Babli, Talmud Yerushalmi and Mid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Languages Of Israel
The Israeli population is linguistically and culturally diverse. Hebrew is the country's official language, and almost the entire population speaks it either as a first language or proficiently as a second language. Its standard form, known as Modern Hebrew, is the main medium of life in Israel. Arabic is used mainly by Israel's Arab citizens of Israel, Arab minority which comprises about one-fifth of the population. Arabic has a special status under Israeli law. English language, English is known as a foreign language by a significant proportion of the Israeli population as English is used widely in official logos and road signs alongside Hebrew and Arabic. It is estimated that over 85% of Israelis can speak English to some extent. Russian language, Russian is spoken by about 20% of the Israeli population, mainly due to the large immigrant population from the former Soviet Union. In addition, the 19th edition of Ethnologue lists 36 languages and dialects spoken through Israel. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Languages
Jewish languages are the various languages and dialects that developed in Jewish communities in the Jewish diaspora, diaspora. The original Jewish language is Hebrew, supplanted as the primary vernacular by Aramaic following the Babylonian captivity, Babylonian exile. Jewish languages feature a syncretism of Hebrew language, Hebrew and Judeo-Aramaic languages, Judeo-Aramaic with the languages of the local non-Jewish population. Ancient history Early Northwest Semitic languages, Northwest Semitic (ENWS) materials are attested through the end of the Bronze Age—2350 to 1200 BCE. At this early state, Biblical Hebrew was not highly differentiated from the other Northwest Semitic languages (Ugaritic and Amarna letters, Amarna Canaano-Akkadian language, Canaanite), though noticeable differentiation did occur during the Iron Age (1200–540 BCE). Hebrew as a separate language developed during the latter half of the 2nd millennium BC, second millennium BCE between the Jor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Education In Israel
Education in Israel encompasses compulsory education, which spans from kindergarten through 12th grade, and higher education, which is characterized by a public university system and significant government subsidies. The school education, which corresponds to what is internationally termed primary education, primary and secondary education, consists of three tiers: primary education (grades 1–6), middle school (grades 7–9), and high school (grades 10–12). The academic year begins on September 1 and ends on June 30 for elementary pupils and June 20 for middle and high school pupils. The Haredi yeshivas (religious schools of the ultra-Orthodox Jews) adhere to a separate schedule run by the Hebrew calendar, commencing on 1 Elul. The Israeli school system includes various tracks such as state-secular, state-religious, independent religious, and Arab schools. There are also private schools, including democratic schools and international schools like the American International S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culture Of Israel
The culture of Israel is closely associated with Jewish culture and rooted in the Jewish history of the diaspora and Zionist movement. It has also been influenced by Arab culture and the history and traditions of the Arab Israeli population and other ethnic minorities that live in Israel, among them Druze, Circassians, Armenians and others. Tel Aviv and Jerusalem are considered the main cultural hubs of Israel. The ''New York Times'' has described Tel Aviv as the "capital of Mediterranean cool," ''Lonely Planet'' ranked it as a top ten city for nightlife, and ''National Geographic'' named it one of the top ten List of beaches in Israel, beach cities. Similarly, Jerusalem has earned international acclaim; Time (magazine), ''Time'' magazine included it in its list of the "World’s Greatest Places," and Travel + Leisure, ''Travel+Leisure'' ranked it as the third favorite city in ME and Africa among its readers. Israel's List of Israeli museums, museums, numbering over 200, draw T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battalion Of The Defenders Of The Language
The Battalion of the Defenders of the Language () was a small militant body established by Jewish students at the Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium in Tel Aviv in the 1920s to urge Jews in then Mandatory Palestine to use only the Hebrew language. Formation Many early Zionists felt that the revival of the Hebrew language was a critical part of their endeavours. By the 1920s, Hebrew was already a well-established language in Mandatory Palestine. However, with the arrival of thousands of Yiddish-speaking immigrants to Palestine as part of the Third Aliyah, many new arrivals continued to speak their native languages, such as Russian and Yiddish. The Battalion of the Defenders of the Language was formed to protect the status of the Hebrew language and promote its use among these olim. Many of the activists came from the Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium, which had long been a centre of pro-Hebrew language activity - its alumni had organised a protest in 1913 against the use of German as the language ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anti-Yiddish Sentiment
Anti-Yiddish sentiment is a negative attitude towards Yiddish. Opposition to Yiddish may be motivated by antisemitism. Jewish opposition to Yiddish has often come from advocates of the Haskalah, Hebraists, Zionists, and assimilationists. Types of anti-Yiddishism Christian humanism Some of the earliest criticism of the Yiddish language dates to the early modern period. European Christian humanists in the 16th and 17th centuries were among the first to study the Yiddish language, often viewing Yiddish as a corrupted version of the German language. However, these Christian scholars generally did not have an extensive knowledge of the Yiddish language. Haskalah Advocates of the Haskalah (known as Maskilim, or Jewish Enlightenment) who favored the revival of Hebrew over the Yiddish language often held negative attitudes towards Yiddish. Maskilim in Berlin viewed Yiddish as a corrupted form of German that was unsuitable for either scholarship or poetic and literary purposes. Accordin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haifa City Museum
The Haifa City Museum was inaugurated in November 2000 as the historical City Museum. Its location, at the edge of Haifa's German Colony and near the historical part of the city, affords a view of a rich and complex urban fabric that reveals the historical diversity of the city's different populations. As part of the museum's cultural activities, it mounts exhibitions on themes related to the city's physical and spiritual core. Historically, Haifa has been a hub of different cultures and a meeting point between East and West. Set at its heart and attentive to its different aspects, the museum opens a space for socio-political debates that emerge in the urban environment. Beit Ha’am and the Templars School The Haifa city museum resides in the German Colony at a compound that includes two buildings from the Templers' period. “Beit Ha’am”, the first Templar building to be built in Palestine that was once the community center of the historic German Colony, Haifa. The building ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Israel
History is the systematic study of the past, focusing primarily on the Human history, human past. As an academic discipline, it analyses and interprets evidence to construct narratives about what happened and explain why it happened. Some theorists categorize history as a social science, while others see it as part of the humanities or consider it a hybrid discipline. Similar debates surround the purpose of history—for example, whether its main aim is theoretical, to uncover the truth, or practical, to learn lessons from the past. In a more general sense, the term ''history'' refers not to an academic field but to the past itself, times in the past, or to individual texts about the past. Historical research relies on Primary source, primary and secondary sources to reconstruct past events and validate interpretations. Source criticism is used to evaluate these sources, assessing their authenticity, content, and reliability. Historians strive to integrate the perspectives o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
