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War In Transnistria
The Transnistria War (; ) was an armed conflict that broke out on 2 November 1990 in Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria (Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, PMR) forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and neo-Cossack units, which were supported by elements of the Russian 14th Army, and pro-Moldovan forces, including Moldovan troops and police. Fighting intensified on 1 March 1992 and, alternating with ''ad hoc'' ceasefires, lasted throughout the spring and early summer of 1992 until a ceasefire was declared on 21 July 1992, which has held. The conflict is sometimes known as the Moldovan-Russian war () in Moldova and Romania. Background Historical background Before the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina and the creation of the Moldavian SSR in 1940, the Bessarabian part of Moldova, i.e. the part situated to the west of the river Dniester (Nistru), was part of Romania (1918–1940). The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between the Soviet Unio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Bender (1992)
The battle of Bender, also known as the battle of Tighina or the battle of Bendery (; ), was fought between 19 and 21 June 1992 between Moldova, backed by Military volunteer, volunteers, military advisors and purchased weapons sourced from Romania; and the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR, commonly known as Transnistria), an unrecognized breakaway state that declared independence from Moldova and relied on direct military support from Russia. The battle occurred in Bender, Moldova, Bender, also known as Tighina, a city with a strong ethnic Russians, Russian presence at the western bank of the Dniester River. This is different from the rest of currently Transnistrian-controlled lands, which are located at the eastern bank of it. Bendery is the Russian language, Russian name of the city and Tighina is the Romanian language, Romanian one, with Bender being an old Ottoman Empire, Ottoman name. Bender was one of the points of greatest fighting during the whole Transnistria War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Forces Of Transnistria
The Armed Forces of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic; ; are the military forces of Transnistria, a self-proclaimed and internationally International recognition of Transnistria, unrecognized breakaway state located within the internationally recognized borders of Moldova. The Armed Forces operate under the authority of the Ministry of Defence (Transnistria), Ministry of Defence. The Armed Forces were established on 6 September 1991, with the stated purpose of maintaining the region's claimed sovereignty and independence, in accordance with Article 11 of the Constitution of Transnistria, region's constitution. History On 6 September 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Transnistria adopted a resolution which called for the formation of a Transnistrian military unit. As a result, the Transnistria Republican Guard () was formed. It was the direct counterpart to the Republic of Moldova's Republican Guard (). Both were the predecessors to their respective countries armed forces. In its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gagauz Republic
The Gagauz Republic (, ; , ; , ) was a self-proclaimed unrecognised political entity, first declared in 1989, that separated from Moldova in 1990 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union but later peacefully joined Moldova after being '' de facto'' independent from 1991 to 1995.Marcin Kosienkowski (2017The Gagauz Republic: An Autonomism-Driven De Facto State''The Soviet and Post-Soviet Review'', volume 44, no. 3, pp. 292–313. History The Special Congress of Representatives of the Gagauz people was held on 12 November 1989, in which the Gagauz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed in the Moldavian SSR, but on the next day the Presidium of the Supreme Council of Moldavia abolished the Special Congress' decisions, calling them unconstitutional. The Congress of People's Deputies of the Steppe South of the Moldavian SSR declared itself separate from the Moldavian SSR and the establishment of the Gagauz Republic within the Soviet Union on 19 August 1990. Two days ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Konoplev
Roman Yevgenyevich Konoplev (; ; born 4 September 1973) is a Russian and Transnistrian political and public figure, strategist, publicist, writer, now resident in Portugal. Biography, political activity and views Roman Konoplev was born on September 4, 1973 in Bryansk Oblast, Russian SFSR to the family of a Soviet engineers. In 1978 Roman and his parents moved to the town of Dnestrovsc, Moldavian SSR. In October 1992 he moved to Russia. He graduated from International Institute of Economics and Law in Moscow in 1996, with a bachelor's degree in Constitutional law. He earned an engineer's degree in IT in 2003 from Bryansk State Technical University. Russian conservative social and political journalism just before the USSR fell apart played a significant role when Konoplev's political view was being formed. Political consequences of military conflict in Moldova, as well as human rights violations in the republics of the former Soviet Union, were a sort of arguments for Konople ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian National Unity
Russian National Unity (RNU; transcribed Russkoe natsionalnoe edinstvo RNE) or All-Russian civic patriotic movement "Russian National Unity" () was an unregistered neo-Nazi, irredentist group based in Russia and formerly operating in states with Russian-speaking populations. It was founded in 1990 by the ultra-nationalist Alexander Barkashov. The movement advocated the expulsion of non-Russians and an increased role for traditional Russian institutions such as the Russian Orthodox Church. The organization was unregistered federally in Russia, but nonetheless collaborated on a limited basis with the Federal Security Service. The group was banned in Moscow in 1999 after which the group gradually split up in smaller groups and their webpage became defunct in 2006. Ideology, tactics and activities Promoting the notion of " Russia for Russians and compatriots", members of the party (sometimes called Barkashovites) endorse policies including the expulsion of minorities that "have t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Cossacks
The Union of Cossacks (UoC) is a movement and armed organization of Russian and Central Asian cossacks established at a conference in Moscow on 28 June 1990, which sought to unite the Cossack forces of the earlier Russian Empire. The UoC defined itself as pro-communist, in contrast with the Union of Cossack Hosts whose stance favored the Russian Federation and opposed communism. The force was sent to Transnistria to fight as volunteers in the Transnistria War The Transnistria War (; ) was an armed conflict that broke out on 2 November 1990 in Dubăsari between pro-Transnistria (Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, PMR) forces, including the Transnistrian Republican Guard, militia and neo-Cossack unit ... from 2 November 1990 to 21 July 1992. References {{reflist History of the Cossacks in Russia 1990 establishments in Russia Organizations established in 1990 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Orenburg Cossacks
The Orenburg Cossack Host () was a part of the Cossack population in pre-revolutionary Russia, located in the Orenburg province (today's Orenburg Oblast, part of the Chelyabinsk Oblast and Bashkortostan). History After having constructed fortifications around the future town of Orenburg in 1734, they officially founded it in 1735. For the purpose of defending the city and colonizing the region, the Russian government relocated the Cossacks from Ufa, Iset, Samara and other places and created the Orenburg non-regular corps in 1748. In 1755, a part of it was transformed into the Orenburg Cossack Host with 2,000 men. In 1773–1774, the Orenburg Cossacks took part in Yemelyan Pugachev's insurrection. In 1798, all of the Cossack settlements in the Southern Urals were incorporated into the Orenburg Cossack Host (except for the Ural Cossacks). A decree of 1840 established the borders of the Host and its composition (10 cavalry regiments and 3 artillery battalions). In the m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don Cossacks
Don Cossacks (, ) or Donians (, ), are Cossacks who settled along the middle and lower Don River (Russia), Don. Historically, they lived within the former Don Cossack Host (, ), which was either an independent or an autonomous democratic republic in present-day Southern Russia and parts of the Donbas region of Ukraine, from the end of the 16th century until 1918. As of 1992, by presidential decree of the Russian Federation, Cossacks can be enrolled on a special register. A number of Cossack communities have been reconstituted to further Cossack cultural traditions, including those of the Don Cossack Host. Don Cossacks have had a rich military tradition - they played an important part in the historical development of the Russian Empire and participated in most of its major wars. Etymology The name Cossack (; ) was widely used to characterise "free people" (compare Turkic languages, Turkic ''kazakhs, qazaq'', which means "free men") as opposed to others with different standi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders of Russia, land borders with fourteen countries. Russia is the List of European countries by population, most populous country in Europe and the List of countries and dependencies by population, ninth-most populous country in the world. It is a Urbanization by sovereign state, highly urbanised country, with sixteen of its urban areas having more than 1 million inhabitants. Moscow, the List of metropolitan areas in Europe, most populous metropolitan area in Europe, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, while Saint Petersburg is its second-largest city and Society and culture in Saint Petersburg, cultural centre. Human settlement on the territory of modern Russia dates back to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balkan Insight
''Balkan Insight'' is a website of the Balkan Investigative Reporting Network (BIRN) that focuses on news, socio-political analysis, commentary, and investigative reporting from Southeastern Europe Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe is a geographical sub-region of Europe, consisting primarily of the region of the Balkans, as well as adjacent regions and Archipelago, archipelagos. There are overlapping and conflicting definitions of t .... It is run by journalists in southeast Europe. BIRN was founded in 2004 as a network of non-governmental organizations to promote a strong, independent, and free media in the Balkans and Eastern Europe. ''Balkan Insight'' is the successor of BIRN's "Balkan Crisis Report" newsletter. It reports from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Moldova, Romania, and Serbia. Reception ''Neue Zürcher Zeitung'' reported that ''Balkan Insight'' is a "highly regarded Internet portal" and BIRN is "val ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th Guards Army
The 14th Guards Combined Arms Army () was a field army of the Red Army, the Soviet Ground Forces, and the Russian Ground Forces, active from 1956 to 1995. By the 1990s, according to sources within the 14th Army, the majority of its troops came from what would become the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, with 51% of officers and 79% of draftees coming from this region. History Formation and Soviet era The 14th Army was established on 25 November 1956 from the Odessa Military District's 10th Guards Budapest Rifle Corps in Chișinău. The rifle corps took part in the Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive as part of the 5th Shock Army and the Budapest Offensive as part of the 46th Army. After the war, units of the army such as the 33rd Guards Motor Rifle Division were stationed in the Romanian People's Republic until they were withdrawn (or disbanded, in 33rd Guards MRD's case) between 1958 and 1960. On 3 November 1967, the army was renamed the 14th Guards Combined Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
