|
Vote Brigading
Vote brigading is massively coordinated online voting. It refers to the practice of affecting reviews or scores on websites that feature crowdvoting, such as online stores or review websites, by calling on large numbers of people to submit reviews, thus boosting or decreasing ratings artificially. This may be done for political reasons; for example, to harm the commercial prospects and credibility of films dealing with controversial or sensitive subjects. Vote brigading is a form of participation bias, which can decrease the reliability of the aggregated score. Examples * Free Republic, an Internet forum for conservative activists, is known for promoting vote brigading in online political polls, known as "FReeping". * The online community Reddit, which sorts its content visibility in a popular voting system, has dealt with censorship issues related to vote brigading. * As part of a promotional campaign conducted in 2012 for a brand of energy strips, rapper Pitbull was to be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crowdsourcing
Crowdsourcing involves a large group of dispersed participants contributing or producing goods or services—including ideas, votes, micro-tasks, and finances—for payment or as volunteers. Contemporary crowdsourcing often involves digital platforms to attract and divide work between participants to achieve a cumulative result. Crowdsourcing is not limited to online activity, however, and there are various historical examples of crowdsourcing. The word crowdsourcing is a portmanteau of "crowd" and "outsourcing". In contrast to outsourcing, crowdsourcing usually involves less specific and more public groups of participants. Advantages of using crowdsourcing include lowered costs, improved speed, improved quality, increased flexibility, and/or increased scalability of the work, as well as promoting diversity. Crowdsourcing methods include competitions, virtual labor markets, open online collaboration and data donation. Some forms of crowdsourcing, such as in "idea competiti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Film Industry
The Christian film industry is an aspect of Christian media for films containing a Christian-themed message or moral. They are often interdenominational films, but can also be films targeting a specific denomination of Christianity. Criteria Popular mainstream studio productions of films with strong Christian messages or Biblical stories, such as ''Ben-Hur'', '' The Ten Commandments'', ''The Prince of Egypt'', '' The Robe'', ''Sergeant York'', '' The Blind Side'', '' The Book of Eli'', ''Machine Gun Preacher'', '' Risen'', ''Hacksaw Ridge'', and ''Silence'', are not specifically part of the Christian film industry, being more agnostic about their audiences' religious beliefs. These films generally also have a much higher budget, production values and better known film stars, and are received more favourably with film critics. Many films from the Christian film industry are produced by openly confessing Christians in independent companies mainly targeting a Christian audience. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Air Jordan
Air Jordan is a line of basketball and sportswear shoes produced by Nike, Inc. Related apparel and accessories are marketed under Jordan Brand. The first Air Jordan shoe was produced for basketball player Michael Jordan during his time with the Chicago Bulls on November 17, 1984, and released to the public on April 1, 1985. The shoes were designed for Nike by Peter Moore, Tinker Hatfield, and Bruce Kilgore. The Jordan Logo, known as the " Jumpman", originated from a photograph by Jacobus Rentmeester, taken before Jordan played for Team USA in the 1984 Summer Olympics. History As Michael Jordan entered his rookie year in 1984, he was approached to sign a shoe deal with Adidas, Converse, and Nike. In their meeting with Jordan, Nike centered its presentation around a highlight video of Jordan's various slam dunks, scored to " Jump (For My Love)" by the Pointer Sisters. Nike showcased the first design of the shoe, but Jordan criticized its colorway. While other companies s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oakland, California
Oakland is a city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in the U.S. state of California. It is the county seat and most populous city in Alameda County, California, Alameda County, with a population of 440,646 in 2020. A major West Coast of the United States, West Coast port, Oakland is the most populous city in the East Bay, the third most populous city in the Bay Area, and the eighth most populous city in California. It serves as the Bay Area's trade center: the Port of Oakland is the busiest port in Northern California, and the fifth- or sixth-busiest in the United States. A charter city, Oakland was municipal corporation, incorporated on May 4, 1852, in the wake of the state's increasing population due to the California gold rush. Oakland's territory covers what was once a mosaic of California coastal prairie, California coastal terrace prairie, oak woodland, and north coastal scrub. In the late 18th century, it became part of a large ''rancho'' grant in the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kicks (film)
''Kicks'' is a 2016 American adventure film directed by Justin Tipping in his directorial debut, and written by Tipping and Joshua Beirne-Golden. The film stars Jahking Guillory, Christopher Jordan Wallace, Christopher Meyer, Kofi Siriboe, Mahershala Ali and Molly Shaiken. The film was released on September 9, 2016, by Focus World. Plot Fifteen-year-old Brandon ( Jahking Guillory) longs for a pair of the freshest sneakers that money can buy, assuming that merely having them on his feet will help him escape the reality of being poor, neglected by the opposite sex and picked on by everyone - even his best friends Rico (Christopher Meyer) and Albert ( Christopher Jordan Wallace). He visits a local store and finds that a brand new pair cost $350. He gathers the money by using his savings and by selling candy bars to people on the streets. As he continues to gather the amount he meets a guy in the neighborhood with a car full of "exclusive" Nike sneakers. He shows Brandon these w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghostbusters
''Ghostbusters'' is a 1984 American supernatural comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman and written by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis. It stars Bill Murray, Aykroyd, and Ramis as Peter Venkman, Ray Stantz, and Egon Spengler, three eccentric parapsychologists who start a ghost-catching business in New York City. It also stars Sigourney Weaver and Rick Moranis, and features Annie Potts, Ernie Hudson, and William Atherton in supporting roles. Based on his fascination with spirituality, Aykroyd conceived ''Ghostbusters'' as a project starring himself and John Belushi, in which they would venture through time and space battling supernatural threats. Following Belushi's death in 1982, and with Aykroyd's concept deemed financially impractical, Ramis was hired to help rewrite the script to set it in New York City and make it more realistic. It was the first comedy film to employ expensive special effects, and Columbia Pictures, concerned about its relatively high $25–30 mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ghostbusters (2016 Film)
''Ghostbusters'' (also marketed as ''Ghostbusters: Answer the Call'') is a 2016 American Supernatural film, supernatural comedy film directed by Paul Feig, who co-wrote it with Katie Dippold. Starring Melissa McCarthy, Kristen Wiig, Kate McKinnon, Leslie Jones (comedian), Leslie Jones and Chris Hemsworth, it is a reboot (fiction), reboot of the Ghostbusters, 1984 film and the third film in the Ghostbusters (franchise), ''Ghostbusters'' franchise. The story focuses on four eccentric women who start a Ghost hunting, ghost-catching business in New York City after a paranormal encounter. A third ''Ghostbusters'' film had been in various stages of development following the release of ''Ghostbusters II'' in 1989. Because of original cast member Bill Murray's refusal to commit to the project, and the death of fellow cast member Harold Ramis in 2014, Sony Pictures decided to reboot the series instead. Some of the original film's cast members and their family members make cameo appearance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nate Parker
Nate Parker (born November 18, 1979) is an American actor and filmmaker. He has appeared in ''Beyond the Lights'', ''Red Tails'', ''The Secret Life of Bees (film), The Secret Life of Bees'', ''The Great Debaters'', Arbitrage (film), ''Arbitrage'', Non-Stop (film), ''Non-Stop'', Felon (film), ''Felon'', and ''Pride (2007 film), Pride''. Parker's directorial debut feature film, ''The Birth of a Nation (2016 film), The Birth of a Nation'', in which he also starred, made history at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival when Searchlight Pictures, Fox Searchlight Pictures acquired the distribution rights for $17.5 million, breaking the record for the most paid for a Sundance Film Festival production, surpassing ''Little Miss Sunshine'', which had been acquired by Searchlight for $10 million ten years earlier. The film was ultimately unsuccessful in wide release and did not receive acclaim, after rape allegations against Parker resurfaced. Early life Parker was born in Norfolk, Virginia, to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slavery In The United States
The legal institution of human chattel slavery, comprising the enslavement primarily of List of ethnic groups of Africa, Africans and African Americans, was prevalent in the United States of America from its founding in 1776 until 1865, predominantly in the Southern United States, South. Slavery was established throughout European colonization in the Americas. From 1526, during the early Slavery in the colonial history of the United States, colonial period, it was practiced in what became British America, Britain's colonies, including the Thirteen Colonies that formed the United States. Under the law, an enslaved person was treated as property that could be bought, sold, or given away. Slavery lasted in about half of U.S. states until Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, abolition in 1865, and issues concerning slavery seeped into every aspect of national politics, economics, and social custom. In the decades after the end of Reconstruction era, Recons ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Birth Of A Nation (2016 Film)
''The Birth of a Nation'' is a 2016 historical drama film written and directed by Nate Parker in his directorial debut. It is based on the story of Nat Turner, the enslaved man who led Nat Turner's slave rebellion, a slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, in 1831. The film stars Parker as Turner, with Armie Hammer, Mark Boone Jr., Colman Domingo, Aunjanue Ellis-Taylor, Aunjanue Ellis, Dwight Henry (actor), Dwight Henry, Aja Naomi King, Esther Scott, Roger Guenveur Smith, Gabrielle Union, Penelope Ann Miller, and Jackie Earle Haley in supporting roles. Parker also petitioned financiers to invest in the film, ultimately getting $8.5 million in production budget, and started filming in May 2015 in Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia. The film's title is an ironic callback to the The Birth of a Nation, 1915 KKK-focused silent film. ''The Birth of a Nation'' premiered in competition at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival, where Fox Searchlight Pictures bought worldwide rights to the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Demon (2015 Film)
''Demon'' is a 2015 Polish Supernatural horror film, supernatural psychological horror Black comedy, dark comedy film produced, written and directed by Marcin Wrona. It was shown in the Vanguard section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival. It was Wrona's last feature film, as he died by suicide on 19 September 2015 while promoting the film at the Gdynia Film Festival. Plot Piotr (Itay Tiran), who has been living and working in England for many years, and Żaneta (Agnieszka Żulewska), a Polish lady, are to be married; they had met only over the Internet, but he knew her brother. Piotr speaks Polish language, Polish awkwardly, remembering more from his ancestors than from personal experience. He moves into a run-down large rural estate previously owned by Zaneta's grandfather. While digging in the yard with a backhoe right before the wedding, Piotr finds a skeleton, which at first he keeps quiet about. He is increasingly haunted by the vision of a woman in a wedding d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Review Bomb
A review bomb is a malicious Internet phenomenon in which a large number of people or Sock puppet account, a few people with multiple accounts post negative user reviews online in an attempt to harm the sales or popularity of a product, a service, or a business. While a large number of negative reviews may simply be the result of a large number of customers independently criticizing something for poor quality, a review bomb may also be driven by a desire to draw attention to perceived cultural or political issues, perhaps especially if the vendor seems unresponsive or inaccessible to direct feedback. Review bombing also typically takes place over a short period of time and meant to disrupt established ratings that a product already has at review sites, sometimes backed by campaigns organized through online message boards. It may be used as a mass-movement-driven coercion tactic, as a form of protest, or may simply be a form of Internet troll, trolling. Review bombing is a similar pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
