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Violant Of Hungary
Violant of Hungary (; ; c. 1215 – c. 1251) was the queen of Aragon from 1235 until 1251 as the second wife of King James I of Aragon. A member of the Hungarian House of Árpád, Queen Violant was a valuable and influential advisor of her husband. She remains in folk memory in Catalonia and Valencia. Family Violant was born at Esztergom circa 1215, the only child of King Andrew II of Hungary and his second wife, Yolanda of Courtenay. Violant married King James I of Aragon in 1235. James had already been married to Eleanor of Castile, but he had this marriage annulled on the basis of consanguinity in 1229. He and Eleanor had a son, Alfonso, who was considered legitimate, but who died before James. James and Violant had ten children: # Violant (1236–1301), Queen of Castile by her marriage to Alfonso X of Castile # Constance (1239–1269) # Peter III of Aragon (1240–1285) # James II of Majorca (1243–1311) # Ferdinand (1245–1250) # Sancha (1246–1251) # Isabella (12 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Aragonese Consorts
This is a list of consorts of the monarchs of the Kingdom of Aragon. Blanche II of Navarre and Philip I of Castile died before their spouses inherited the crown. Countesses Queens House of Aragon House of Trastámara Consorts of claimants against John II, 1462–1472 During the war against John II, there were three who claimed his throne, though this never included the Kingdom of Valencia. One of the three was Peter V of Aragon who remained a bachelor. The others, Henry IV of Castile and René of Anjou, had wives during their "reigns" as pretenders. The wife of Henry IV was Joan of Portugal, a Portugal, Portuguese infante, infanta daughter of List of Portuguese monarchs, King Edward of Portugal and his wife Leonor of Aragon (1402-1445), Eleanor of Aragon. The first wife of Rene died prior to 1462; his second wife was Jeanne de Laval, a French noblewoman and daughter Guy XIV de Laval, Count of Laval and Isabella of Brittany. House of Habsburg In 1556, the union o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alfonso Of Bigorre
Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given name recorded from the 8th century (Alfonso I of Asturias, r. 739–757) in the Christian successor states of the Visigothic Kingdom in the Iberian Peninsula. In the later medieval period it became a standard name in the Hispanic and Portuguese royal families. It is derived from a Gothic name, or a conflation of several Gothic names; from ''*Aþalfuns'', composed of the elements ''aþal'' "noble" and ''funs'' "eager, brave, ready", and perhaps influenced by names such as ''*Alafuns'', ''*Adefuns'' and ''* Hildefuns''. It is recorded as ''Adefonsus'' in the 9th and 10th century, and as ''Adelfonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'' in the 10th to 11th. The reduced form ''Alfonso'' is recorded in the late 9th century, and the Portuguese form ''Afonso'' from the early 11th and ''Anfós'' in Catalan from the 12th century until the 15th. Variants of the name include: '' Alonso'' (Spanish), ''Alfonso'' (Spanish a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pozsony
Bratislava (German: ''Pressburg'', Hungarian: ''Pozsony'') is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the Slovakia, Slovak Republic and the fourth largest of all List of cities and towns on the river Danube, cities on the river Danube. Officially, the population of the city is about 475,000; however, some sources estimate daily number of people moving around the city based on mobile phone SIM cards is more than 570,000. Bratislava is in southwestern Slovakia at the foot of the Little Carpathians, occupying both banks of the Danube and the left bank of the Morava (river), River Morava. Bordering Austria and Hungary, it is the only national capital to border two sovereign states. The city's history has been influenced by people of many nations and religions, including Austrians, Bulgarians, Croats, Czechs, Germans, Hungarian people, Hungarians, Jews and Slovaks. It was the coronation site and legislative center and capital of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1536 to 1783; elev ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerónimo Zurita Y Castro
Jerónimo (or Gerónimo) de Zurita y Castro or simply Jerónimo (or Gerónimo) de Zurita (1512 – 3 November 1580) was a Spanish historian of the sixteenth century who founded the modern tradition of historical scholarship in Spain. Born at Zaragoza, Kingdom of Aragon, he studied at Alcalá de Henares under the Hellenist Hernán Nuñez. Through the influence of his father, Miguel de Zurita, physician to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, he entered the public service as magistrate at Barbastro, and in 1537 was appointed assistant-secretary of the Inquisition. In 1548 Zurita was nominated official chronicler of the Kingdom of Aragon, and in 1566 Philip II of Spain attached him as secretary to the council of the Inquisition, delegating to him the conduct of all matters sufficiently important to require the king's signature. Zurita resigned these posts on the January 21, 1571, obtained a sinecure at Zaragoza, and dedicated himself wholly to the composition of his '' Anales de la ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conquest Of Valencia (1238)
The conquest of Valencia by the Catalan and Aragonese troops of King James I of Aragon took place on 9 October 1238. Background Valencia was under Islamic rule since 711, with an eight-year interruption between 1094, when the city had been conquered by the Christians under command of El Cid, and 1102, when it was retaken by the Almoravids. In 1229, Valencia (''Balànsia'') fell into the hands of local leader Zayyan ibn Mardanish, after dethroning Zayd Abu Zayd, the last Almohad governor of the province. Zayd Abu Zayd fled to Aragon, where he became a vassal of King James I of Aragon, who could now represent the conquest of Valencia as a mere intervention in the civil war of the Muslims. In 1233, two knights, the Occitan Hug de Follalquer, a master of the Knights Hospitaller, and the Aragonese Blasco I d'Alagón, who had just returned from a few years of exile in Balànsia, informed the young King James I, about the riches in the Muslim Taifa of Valencia and they encouraged ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zayyan Ibn Mardanish
Zayyan ibn Mardanish or Zayán Ibn Mardanix (b. ?, Onda – d. 1270, Tunisia) also known as ''Zahén'' or ''Çaèn'', was the last king of the Taifa of Valencia before it fell to the Kingdom of Aragon in the Reconquista campaign led by James I of Aragon. Biography In 1229, Zayyan became King of Valencia or ''Balensiya'' after dethroning Zayd Abu Zayd, the last Almohad governor of the province. Abu Zayd, who had converted to Christianity, fled the city and became a vassal of the Aragonese king, James I. The dethroned monarch provided James I with the perfect ''casus belli'' to invade and conquer Valencia, a process that was completed in the year 1238. Zayyan personally commanded troops various battles throughout the campaign, including the Siege of Burriana and the Battle of the Puig, where the Muslim troops were decisively defeated, marking the inevitability of the Aragonese take over. After the Battle of the Puig, Zayyan defended the city of Valencia until it fell in 1238. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kingdom Of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (; : ) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (, ), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Castilian counts increased their autonomy, but it was not until 1065 that it was separated from the Kingdom of León and became a kingdom in its own right. Between 1072 and 1157, it was again united with León, and after 1230, the union became permanent. Throughout that period, the Castilian kings made extensive conquests in southern Iberia at the expense of the Islamic principalities. The Kingdoms of Castile and of León, with their southern acquisitions, came to be known collectively as the Crown of Castile, a term that also came to encompass overseas expansion. History 9th to 11th centuries: beginnings According to the chronicles of Alfonso III of Asturias, the first reference to the name "Castile" (Castilla) can be found in a documen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaty Of Almizra
The Treaty of Almizra (or Treaty of Almiçra) was the third of a series of three treaties between the Crown of Aragon and Crown of Castile meant to determine the limits of their expansion into Al-Andalus, Andalusia so as to prevent squabbling between the Christian princes. Specifically, it defined the borders of the Kingdom of Valencia. James I of Aragon signed it on 26 March 1244, but Alfonso X of Castile did not affirm it until much later. According to the treaty, all lands south of a line from Biar to Villajoyosa through Busot were reserved for Castile. This ended most further Aragonese expansion on the Iberian peninsula. The treaty succeeded those of Treaty of Tudilén, Tudilén and Treaty of Cazorla, Cazorla, which were constantly breached. The clause by which neither party seemed capable of residing was that neither crown should diminish the partition assigned to the other or put any obstacle in the way of the other attaining unto his portion. That clause was broken when Jame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crown Of Aragon
The Crown of Aragon (, ) ;, ; ; . was a composite monarchy ruled by one king, originated by the dynastic union of the Kingdom of Aragon and the County of Barcelona (later Principality of Catalonia) and ended as a consequence of the War of the Spanish Succession. At the height of its power in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Crown of Aragon was a thalassocracy controlling a large portion of present-day eastern Iberian Peninsula, parts of what is now Northern Catalonia, southern France, and a Mediterranean empire which included the Balearic Islands, Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta, Southern Italy (from 1442), and parts of Greece (until 1388). The component realms of the Crown were not united politically except at the level of the king, who ruled over each autonomous polity according to its own laws, raising funds under each tax structure, dealing separately with each ''Corts'' or ''Cortes'', particularly in the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia, and the Kingdom of V ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Denis Of Hungary
Denis of Hungary (, , , , ; ''c''. 1210 – 1268/72), was a Hungarian-born Aragonese knight and nobleman in the 13th century. Born into a prominent family in the Kingdom of Hungary, he escorted Queen Violant of Hungary to the Kingdom of Aragon in 1235, where he settled down and faithfully served James I of Aragon during the Reconquista. Integrating into the local elite, Denis was the eponymous ancestor of the prominent Dionís (Dionisii) noble family. In Canals, Valencia, a street is named after him. Theories of origin Hungarian genealogist Mór Wertner was the first scholar in the late 19th century, who connected "Denis of Hungary" with the prominent lord Denis, son of Ampud, who was responsible for the economy policy and acted as key architect of the large-scale financial reforms during the reign of Andrew II of Hungary. He identified them with each other. According to Wertner, after Andrew's son and main opponent, Béla IV ascended the Hungarian throne in 1235, Denis, who f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Archbishop Of Toledo
The Archdiocese of Toledo () is a Latin Church archdiocese of the Catholic Church located in Spain."Archdiocese of Toledo" '' Catholic-Hierarchy.org''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved September 15, 2016"Metropolitan Archdiocese of Toledo" ''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved September 15, 2016 They are also the Primates of |
Sancho Of Aragon (1250-1275)
Sancho of Aragon (1250 – Martos, 1275) was an Infante of Aragon and Archbishop of Toledo, who was killed by the Moors. Biography Sancho was a son of James I of Aragon and his second wife Yolanda of Hungary. He joined the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy at a young age and had Peter Pascual as a tutor. He became Archbishop of Toledo in 1266, when he was only 16 years old. In 1275 he raised some troops to engage Marinid armies that had attacked Andalusia Andalusia ( , ; , ) is the southernmost autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Peninsular Spain, located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomou .... On 21 October 1275 he tried to intercept a numerically superior Marinid army in the battle of Martos but was defeated and taken prisoner. He was killed and beheaded. His body was recovered and buried in the Toledo Cathedral. Because of his heroic death, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
