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Valdemar Atterdag's Invasion Of Gotland
Valdemar Atterdag's invasion of Gotland took place in July 1361. The troops of the Danish King Valdemar Atterdag won several battles on Gotland against Gutnish troops, the last outside Visby on 27 July. The inhabitants of Visby surrendered and opened the city gates to the victor, after which the so-called ''fire assessment of Visby'' took place, an event surrounded by several myths. The king issued letters of privilege for Visby which confirmed the city's former privileges. In retrospect, it is difficult to separate fiction from the truth of what happened, as there are very few contemporary sources. That Valdemar Atterdag was on Gotland and fought against the farmers is certain, and also that the battle outside Visby was one of the bloodiest in the History of Scandinavia, but claims about the fire estimate are difficult to confirm. A series of myths and legends have survived to our days. On May 1, 1361, the Swedish king Magnus Eriksson sent out a letter in which he warned the cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanse
The Hanseatic League was a Middle Ages, medieval commercial and defensive network of merchant guilds and market towns in Central Europe, Central and Northern Europe, Northern Europe. Growing from a few Northern Germany, North German towns in the late 12th century, the League expanded between the 13th and 15th centuries and ultimately encompassed nearly 200 settlements across eight modern-day countries, ranging from Tallinn in Estonia in the east, Bergen (Bjørgvin) in Norway to the North to the Netherlands in the west, and extended inland as far as Cologne, Prussia (region), the Prussian regions and Kraków, Poland. The League began as a collection of loosely associated groups of German traders and towns aiming to expand their commercial interests, including protection against robbery. Over time, these arrangements evolved into the League, offering traders toll privileges and protection on affiliated territory and trade routes. Economic interdependence and familial connections am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warfare Of The Middle Ages
War is an armed conflict between the armed forces of states, or between governmental forces and armed groups that are organized under a certain command structure and have the capacity to sustain military operations, or between such organized groups. It is generally characterized by widespread violence, destruction, and mortality, using regular or irregular military forces. ''Warfare'' refers to the common activities and characteristics of types of war, or of wars in general. Total war is warfare that is not restricted to purely legitimate military targets, and can result in massive civilian or other non-combatant suffering and casualties. Etymology The English word ''war'' derives from the 11th-century Old English words and , from Old French ( as in modern French), in turn from the Frankish , ultimately deriving from the Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic . The word is related to the Old Saxon , Old High German , and the modern German , meaning . Histor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
14th Century In Denmark
Events from the 14th century in Denmark. Monarchs * Eric VI, 1286–1319 * Christopher II, 1320–1326 and 1329–1332 * Valdemar III, 1326–1330 ** ''Interregnum'', 1333–1340 * Valdemar IV, 1340–1375 * Olaf II, 1376–1387 * Margaret I, 1387–1412 Events * 25 November 1317 – the Treaty of Templin is signed, ending a war between the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the kingdom of Denmark. * 23 April 1343 – Estonians rise against to the occupying forces of Denmark, the Teutonic Order, and the Livonian Order, starting the Saint George's Night Uprising. * 1348 – the black death becomes prevalent in Denmark, arriving, according to legend after a Norwegian plague ship became stranded on Vendsyssel. Population losses in the decades which followed led to the establishment of Vornedskab, a system of serfdom. * 22 July 1361 – Valdemar IV's army lands on Gotland's west coast, beginning an invasion of the island. * 27 July 1361 – Danish forces attack Visby on Gotland ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1360s In Denmark
Events from the 1360s in Denmark. Incumbents * Monarch – Valdemar IV of Denmark Events ;1360 * 24 May Valdemar IV's '' håndfæstning'' is signed. ;1361 * 27 July The Battle of Visby. ;1362 * 13 January The Saint Marcellus's flood. * 6 July The Battle of Helsingborg. ;1363 * 9 April The wedding of Haakon VI and Princess Margaret (later Margaret I of Denmark) is held in Copenhagen. ;1364 * Vordingborg Castle is built around this time. ;1366 * The Confederation of Cologne, a military alliance against Denmark, is formed. ;1367 * The Hansa towns allies themselves with Sweden, Mecklenburg, and Holstein, and the Confederation of Cologne goes to war against Denmark and Norway. ;1358 * Copenhagen is successfully invaded by the Hanseatic League during the Second Danish-Hanseatic War. ;1369 * Absalon's Castle in Copenhagen is destroyed. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LIBRIS
LIBRIS (Library Information System) is a Swedish national union catalogue maintained by the National Library of Sweden in Stockholm Stockholm (; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, most populous city of Sweden, as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately .... It is possible to freely search about 6.5 million titles nationwide. In addition to bibliographic records, one for each book or publication, LIBRIS also contains an authority file of people. For each person there is a record connecting name, birth and occupation with a unique identifier. The MARC Code for the Swedish Union Catalog is SE-LIBR, normalized: selibr. The development of LIBRIS can be traced to the mid-1960s. While rationalization of libraries had been an issue for two decades after World War II, it was in 1965 that a government committee published a report on the use of computers in r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livland
Livonia, known in earlier records as Livland, is a historical region on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It is named after the Livonians, who lived on the shores of present-day Latvia. By the end of the 13th century, the name was extended to most of present-day Estonia and Latvia, which the Livonian Brothers of the Sword had conquered during the Livonian Crusade (1193–1290). Medieval Livonia, or ''Terra Mariana'', reached its greatest extent after the Saint George's Night Uprising (1343–1345), which forced Denmark to sell the Duchy of Estonia (northern Estonia conquered by Denmark in the 13th century) to the State of the Teutonic Order in 1346. Livonia, as understood after the retreat of Denmark in 1346, bordered on the Gulf of Finland in the north, Lake Peipus and Russia to the east, and Lithuania to the south. As a consequence of the Livonian War (1558–1583), the territory of Livonia was reduced to the southern half of Estonia and the northern half of Latvia. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Netherlands
, Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Netherlands consists of Provinces of the Netherlands, twelve provinces; it borders Germany to the east and Belgium to the south, with a North Sea coastline to the north and west. It shares Maritime boundary, maritime borders with the United Kingdom, Germany, and Belgium. The official language is Dutch language, Dutch, with West Frisian language, West Frisian as a secondary official language in the province of Friesland. Dutch, English_language, English, and Papiamento are official in the Caribbean Netherlands, Caribbean territories. The people who are from the Netherlands is often referred to as Dutch people, Dutch Ethnicity, Ethnicity group, not to be confused by the language. ''Netherlands'' literally means "lower countries" i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lübeck
Lübeck (; or ; Latin: ), officially the Hanseatic League, Hanseatic City of Lübeck (), is a city in Northern Germany. With around 220,000 inhabitants, it is the second-largest city on the German Baltic Sea, Baltic coast and the second-largest city in the state of Schleswig-Holstein, after its capital of Kiel. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 36th-largest city in Germany. The city lies in the Holsatian part of Schleswig-Holstein, on the mouth of the Trave, which flows into the Bay of Lübeck in the borough of Travemünde, and on the Trave's tributary Wakenitz. The island with the historic old town and the districts north of the Trave are also located in the historical region of Wagria. Lübeck is the southwesternmost city on the Baltic Sea, and the closest point of access to the Baltic from Hamburg. The city lies in the Northern Low Saxon, Holsatian dialect area of Low German. The name ''Lübeck'' ultimately stems from the Slavic languages, Slavic root (' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Solberga Abbey
Solberga Abbey (Swedish: Solberga kloster), was a Cistercian nunnery in Sweden, in operation from 1246 until at least 1469. It was located outside Visby on Gotland until 1404, and then in Visby. It was the only nunnery on the island of Gotland. History Solberga Abbey was likely a daughter convent of Vreta Abbey. On 12 August 1246, Bishop Laurentius of Linköping mentions that the first nuns had been sent to Gotland. This likely refers to Solberga, which was the only nunnery on the island. In contrast to what was previously believed, Solberga was a large convent with many members. It had both an abbess and a prioress. In 1361, many fallen from the Battle of Visby was buried on the abbey's land, where a cross, which still stands, was erected. The abbey was presumably destroyed by the war between the Victual Brothers, the Teutonic Knights and the forces of the Kalmar Union The Kalmar Union was a personal union in Scandinavia, agreed at Kalmar in Sweden as designed by Queen Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Mästerby
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas battl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Klintehamn
Klintehamn () is a locality in Klinte on the Swedish island of Gotland with 1,350 inhabitants in 2010. Transportation Klintehamn is a shipping port on the west coast of Gotland where timber and agricultural products are shipped to mainland Sweden. The harbor also has a marina for small boats. During summer, ferries depart daily from the harbor to Stora Karlsö island. In 1897, a railway was built from Klintehamn to Romakloster for transporting sugar beets to the sugar refinery in Roma. Events Since the first half of the 19th century, the annual Klinte Market is one of the major autumn markets on Gotland. There are five official markets held on the island in August–October: Slite, Havdhem, Kräklingbo, Klintehamn and Hemse Hemse is a locality situated on the Swedish island of Gotland with 1,700 inhabitants in 2014. It is the second largest locality (after Visby) on the island. Hemse is the main center of population in the southern part of the island, and it is know . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
