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Turkic Peoples In India
Turkic peoples have historically been associated as one of the primarily Chagatai-speaking peoples to have ruled North India. Various dynasties of the later medieval era and early modern era in India were of far descendants of Turkic and mixed Indian or Afghan descent. Two of the dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate, viz. the Tughlaqs and Khaljis, for instance, were of far descendants mixed Turkic origin, with Indian and Afghan ancestry respectively. The terms Indo-Turkic or Turco-Indian is used to refer to people and dynasties of mixed Turkic and Indian descent, as well as the fusion culture formed as a result. Present day The community had traditionally served as soldiers in the armies of the various princely states in the Kathiawar Agency. They are also good traders. Like other Gujarati Muslims, they have a caste association known as the Jamat, which acts both as a welfare organization and an instrument of social control. Notable people and dynasties *Timurid dynasty *Ghaz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkic Peoples
Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West Asia, West, Central Asia, Central, East Asia, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.. "Turkic peoples, any of various peoples whose members speak languages belonging to the Turkic subfamily...". "The Turkic peoples represent a diverse collection of ethnic groups defined by the Turkic languages." According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva.: "The ultimate Proto-Turkic homeland may have been located in a more compact area, most likely in Eastern Mongolia": "The best candidate for the Turkic Urheimat would then be northern and western Mongolia and Tuva, where all these haplogroups could have intermingled, rather than eastern and southern Mongolia..." Initially, Proto-Turkic speakers were potentially both hunter-gatherers and farmers; they later became nomadic Pastoralism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shah Turkan
Shah Turkan (), () was the mother of 13th-century Mamluk ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, Ruknuddin Firuz. She became queen mother after her son ascended to the throne in 1236. After the death of Iltutmish, Ruknuddin indulged himself in the pursuit of pleasure and left his mother to handle the affairs of the state. Turkan had been a Turkic (enslaved) hand-maid and had risen to take control of the Sultan's harem. She took this opportunity to wreak vengeance against all those who had slighted her in the past. Consequently, Ruknuddin's rule turned unpopular and paved the way for the ascension of Razia Sultan. Biography Shah Turkan was a slave concubine of Iltutmish, the Mamluk ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. She gave birth to Iltutmish's son Ruknuddin Firuz Rukn-ud-din Firuz (), further transliterated as Rukn al-Din Firoz and also known as Firuz I (1211 – 19 November 1236), was the Sultan of Delhi for less than seven months in 1236. As a prince, he had administered the Badaun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rukunuddin Kaikaus
Rukunuddin Kaikaus (, ) was an independent Sultan of Bengal who ruled from 1291 to 1300 CE. He succeeded his father Nasiruddin Bughra Khan. In several inscriptions and coins he styled himself as ''Sultan bin al-Sultan bin al-Sultan'' (the Sultan, son of a Sultan, son of a Sultan), ''Sultan-us-Salatin'' (the Sultan of Sultans). History Kaikaus ascended the throne after the abdication of his father Nasiruddin Bughra Khan. During his reign, he had divided his kingdom into two parts - Bihar and Lakhnauti, and appointed Ikhtiyaruddin Firoz Itgin as the Governor of Bihar and Shahabuddin Zafar Khan Bahram Itgin as the Governor of Lakhnauti. Zafar Khan Itgin conquered Satgaon in south-western Bengal. His kingdom extended to Bihar in the west, Devkot in the north and Satgaon in the south. He put a vast kingdom under his control. Delhi Sultan Alauddin Khalji also accepted Kaikaus's independent dominance of Bengal. On Muharram 692 AH (1292-1293 CE), Kaikaus ordered Ikhtiyaruddin Firuz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nasiruddin Bughra Khan
Nasiruddin Bughra Khan (, ) was the governor (1281–1287) and later the independent sultan of Bengal (1287–1291). He was the son of Delhi Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban. Earlier Bughra Khan was the governor of Samana (Patiala) and Sanam (Sangrur). History Governor of Bengal Bughra Khan assisted his father, Sultan Ghiyasuddin Balban, to crush the rebellion of the governor of Lakhnauti, Tughral Tughan Khan. Then Bughra was appointed the governor of Bengal. After the death of his eldest brother, Prince Muhammad, he was asked to take the throne of Delhi by Sultan Ghiyasuddin. But Bughra was indulged in his Bengal governorship and refused the offer. Sultan Ghiyasuddin instead nominated Kaikhasrau, son of Prince Muhammad. Independent Sultan of Bengal After the death of Ghiyasuddin in 1287, Bughra Khan declared independence of Bengal. Nijamuddin, the Prime Minister, appointed Nasiruddin Bughra Khan's son, Qaiqabad, as the Sultan of Delhi. But inefficient ruling of Qaiqabad spread ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ijjauddin Balban Iuzbaki
Izzauddin Balban-e-Iuzbaki () was the Governor of Bengal during 1257–1259 CE. History After the death of Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Iuzbak who had rebelled from Delhi and declared himself Sultan of Bengal, Izzauddin was appointed as the Governor of Bengal by the sultan of Delhi. His short Governorship of 2 years was spent in fighting the Eastern Ganga dynasty who held most of the Province between them. During one such campaign, Tatar Khan, the Governor of Oudh, invaded North Bengal and declared himself Sultan. See also *List of rulers of Bengal *History of Bengal *History of India Anatomically modern humans first arrived on the Indian subcontinent between 73,000 and 55,000 years ago. The earliest known human remains in South Asia date to 30,000 years ago. Sedentism, Sedentariness began in South Asia around 7000 BCE; ... References {{DEFAULTSORT:Balban Iuzbaki, Izz al-Din 13th-century Indian Muslims 13th-century Indian people 13th-century Indian monarchs Governors ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Iuzbak
Malik Ikhtiyār ad-Dīn Yūzbak (), also known as Mughith ad-Din Abu al-Muzaffar (), was the appointed as the Delhi Sultanate's Governor of Bengal from 1251 CE to 1255 CE. He became an independent Sultan of North Bengal from 1255 CE to 1257 CE. As governor Yuzbak was appointed Governor of Bengal after Masud Jani was unable to defeat the forces delegated by Emperor Narasingha Deva I of Eastern Ganga for four years. In 1254, he invaded the Azmardan Raj (present-day Ajmiriganj) in northeast Bengal and managed to defeat the local Raja. In 1255, Yuzbak succeeded in repulsing Emperor Narasingha's forces, led by the emperor's son-in-law Savantar, away from south-western Bengal. After capturing Mandaran in western Bengal, Yuzbak fixed the border between the two empires at the Damodar River. As independent Sultan Following the recapture of Mandaran and southwestern Bengal, he signed a treaty of alliance with Narasingha and declared himself independent of the Delhi Sultanate. He style ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tughlaq Tamar Khan
Tughlaq Tamar Khan () was the governor of Oudh and Bengal during the reign of Sultan Aluddin Masud Shah. History The Province of Bengal, under the governorship of Tughral Tughan Khan, was invaded by Odia armies in the year 1241. After the Province was overrun, the Sultanate Governor of Oudh, Tughral Tamar Khan, was appointed to lead a relief army to Bengal to aid Tughan Khan however at Darbhanga on the border of Bengal and Bihar, the Tamar Khan attempted to depose Tughan Khan himself. Though unable to slay his rival, Tamar Khan was able to drive him from the Province and gain control of both the Sultanate armies of Bengal and Oudh by bribing the remaining generals. In 1246, Tamar Khan finally entered Bengal where, aided by a revolt of local Zamindars, he was able to take control of the old capital of Devkot. However his attempts to rebuild the Navy were defeated. At the Siege of Lakhnauti, formerly sacked by the Odia armies in 1242, Tamar Khan's forces was repelled. In 1247 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tughral Tughan Khan
Tughral Tughan Khan (, ), later known as Mughith ad-Din Tughral (, ), was an officer of the Delhi Sultanate. He was the governor of Bengal during 1236-1246 CE and again during 1272-1281 CE. Biography He was a Turkic of Khitan origin and was a slave-officer bought by Sultan Iltutmish. He was the given the iqta' of Badayun before being appointed the Governor of Bihar by the Sultan in 1232 as Saifuddin Aibak had been transferred to Lakhnauti. Following the death of Iltutmish, assassination of Saifuddin Aibak and the subsequent ascension of the rebel usurper Awar Khan Aibak, Tughan invaded Bengal and successfully defeated Awar Khan in 1236. Immediately after assuming power, Tughan Khan led a number of expeditions. He established his dominance throughout Bengal, Bihar and Oudh while staying loyal to the Delhi Sultanate. He conquered Tirhut in September 1242. He advanced westwards towards Kara, where he got news of the ascension of Sultan Ala ud din Masud. In 1242, he ordered h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Awar Khan Aibak
Awar Khan Aibak (, ) was an usurper to the governorship of Bengal ( Lakhnauti) under the Mamluk Sultan Iltutmish. His rule lasted in 1236 before effectively being overthrown and replaced by Tughral Tughan Khan. Biography Khan was a courtier of Saifuddin Aibak, the Governor of Bengal. Described as "a Turk of great daring and impetuosity", Khan assassinated Saifuddin in 1236 and assumed power in the iqta' of Lakhnauti. It is suspected that he saw this opportunity as the Sultan Iltutmish had just died. The governor of Bihar, Tughral Tughan Khan, demanded Awar Khan to surrender the province of Lakhnauti back to the Delhi Sultanate. They fought in a battle between the city of Lakhnauti and the fortress of Baskot. Awar Khan was defeated and killed. Tughral in turn assumed power in both Bengal and Bihar, as a governor for the Sultan. See also * List of rulers of Bengal * History of Bengal The history of Bengal is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saifuddin Aibak
Malik Saif ad-Dīn Aibak Yughantat (, ) was a governor of Bengal ( Lakhnauti) under the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi from 1232 to 1236. He was the first of the slave-officers to govern Bengal. Early life Aibak was a Khitan of the Turco-Persian tradition. He was purchased as a slave by Iltutmish from the heirs of Ikhtiyar ad-Din Chust Qaba. Through his hard work and efforts, he managed to rise through the ranks, becoming the more powerful amongst the Maliks and titled Amir al-Majlis. He was given the iqta' of 28 wilayat in Sursuti by 1227. He was later stationed in Bihar. Governor of Bengal After the dismissal of Alauddin Jani, the Sultan appointed Aibak to be the next governor of Bengal. During his governorship, Aibak took on an expedition to South Bengal with the intention of capturing elephants. His expedition was successful, capturing a number of elephants, and dispatching several of them to the Sultan. Iltutmish was pleased with Aibak and conferred him the title of "Yughantat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Malik Balkha Khalji
Malik Balka Khalji was the governor of Bengal during 1230–1231 under Delhi Sultan Shamsuddin Iltutmish. History Balka was the son of Ali Sher Khalji. After the death of Alauddin Daulat Shah Khalji, Balka captured the throne of Bengal. Malik Balka styled himself as the independent ruler of Bengal. Angered by this, Sultan Shamsuddin Iltutmish once again invaded Bengal in 1231 and marched against Balka and his army. Balka was later defeated, captured and killed. Thus the rule of Khalji dynasty of Bengal came to an end. Construction of Mosque Balka Khalji constructed a mosque/madrasa in Naohata in Rajshahi district. A Madrasa-Mosque inscription in Rajshahi was attributed to Balka Khalji: See also * List of rulers of Bengal This is a list of rulers of Bengal. For much of History of Bengal, its history, Bengal was split up into several independent kingdoms, completely unifying only several times. In Kingdoms of Ancient India, ancient times, Bengal consisted of the . ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Mardan Khalji
Rukn ad-Dīn ʿAlī Mardān Khaljī (, ) was a 13th-century governor of Bengal, a member of the Khalji dynasty of Bengal. Early life He was a son of Mardan Khalji of the Khalaj tribe,''the Khiljī tribe had long been settled in what is now Afghanistan ...'Khalji Dynasty ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 2010. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 23 August 2010. a tribe of Turkic origin that after migration from Turkistan had later settled in Afghanistan for over 200 years before entering South Asia. Career Ali Mardan Khalji returned to Bengal in 1210 and replaced Iwaz Khalji as the region's governor. However, he only ruled for two years as his cruelty and brutality produced disgust among the courtiers. Some of his actions included banishing popular nobles from Bengal who he did not get along with. The Khalji nobles plotted against him, had him assassinated in 1212, and Iwaz Khalji was restored as Bengal's governor. See also *List of rulers of Bengal *History of Bengal *History of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
