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Turghun Almas
Turghun Almas ( Uyghur: تۇرغۇن ئالماس; Simplified Chinese: 吐尔贡·阿力玛斯; 30 October 1924 – 11 September 2001) was a Uyghur historian and poet born in Kashgar. He was criticized for his "support for ethnic nationalist separatists" by Wang Lequan. He was jailed from 1943 to 1946 and again from July 1947 to April 1949 for his political activities. In 1950 he became an editor for the '' Azadliq'' (''Freedom'') newspaper. Turghun began researching Uyghur history in 1980. In 1989, the publication of his book '' Uyghurlar'' advanced the thesis that the Uyghurs are the historical owner of Xinjiang and should have an independent state.Bellér-Hann, Ildikó ''Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia'' Ashgate 21 Dec 2007 p.42 The book was banned after its publication, and Turghun was allegedly under house arrest until his death in Ürümqi Ürümqi, , is the capital of the Xinjiang, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. Wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kashgar
Kashgar () or Kashi ( zh, c=喀什) is a city in the Tarim Basin region of southern Xinjiang, China. It is one of the westernmost cities of China, located near the country's border with Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. For over 2,000 years, Kashgar was a strategically important oasis on the Silk Road between China, the Middle East, and Europe. It is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world and has a population of 711,300 people (). Kashgar's urban area covers , although its administrative area extends over . At the convergence point of widely varying cultures and empires, Kashgar has been under the rule of the Chinese, Turkic, Mongol and Tibetan empires. The city has also been the site of a number of battles between various groups of people on the steppes. Now administered as a county-level city, Kashgar is the administrative centre of Kashgar Prefecture, which has an area of and a population of approximately 4 million . Kashgar was declared a Special Economic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xinjiang
Xinjiang,; , SASM/GNC romanization, SASM/GNC: Chinese postal romanization, previously romanized as Sinkiang, officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the China, People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the Northwest China, northwest of the country at the crossroads of Central Asia and East Asia. Being the List of Chinese administrative divisions by area, largest province-level division of China by area and the List of the largest country subdivisions by area, 8th-largest country subdivision in the world, Xinjiang spans over and has about 25 million inhabitants. Xinjiang Borders of China, borders the countries of Afghanistan, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, and Tajikistan. The rugged Karakoram, Kunlun Mountains, Kunlun and Tian Shan mountain ranges occupy much of Xinjiang's borders, as well as its western and southern regions. The Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract regions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ürümqi
Ürümqi, , is the capital of the Xinjiang, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwestern China. With a census population of 4 million in 2020, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's northwestern interior after Xi'an, also the second-largest in Central Asia in terms of population, right after Kabul, Afghanistan. Ürümqi has seen significant economic development since the 1990s and currently serves as a List of transport topics#Nodes, regional transport node and a cultural, political and commercial center. Etymology The name Ürümqi comes from the Mongolic languages, Mongolic Oirat language and means "beautiful pasture" (, ). It was originally the name of a small town founded by the Mongolic peoples, Mongolic, Oirat-speaking Dzungar people, Dzungars. The Qing dynasty took Ürümqi by force in 1755, during Dzungar–Qing Wars, its conquest of the Dzungar Khanate. Qing forces expanded the town into a walled city from 1763 to 1767, and upon completing the expan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uyghur Language
Uyghur or Uighur (; , , or , , ), formerly known as Turki or Eastern Turki, is a Turkic languages, Turkic language with 8 to 13 million speakers (), spoken primarily by the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of Western China. Apart from Xinjiang, significant communities of Uyghur speakers are also located in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan, and various other countries. Uyghur is an official language of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; it is widely used in both social and official spheres, as well as in print, television, and radio. Other Ethnic minorities in China, ethnic minorities in Xinjiang also use Uyghur as a Lingua franca, common language. Uyghur belongs to the Karluk languages, Karluk branch of the Turkic languages, Turkic language family, which includes languages such as Uzbek language, Uzbek. Like many other Turkic languages, Uyghur displays vowel harmony and agglutination, lacks noun classes or grammatical gender, and is a Branchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simplified Chinese Characters
Simplified Chinese characters are one of two standardized Chinese characters, character sets widely used to write the Chinese language, with the other being traditional characters. Their mass standardization during the 20th century was part of an initiative by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to promote literacy, and their use in ordinary circumstances on the mainland has been encouraged by the Chinese government since the 1950s. They are the official forms used in mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore, while traditional characters are officially used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. Simplification of a component—either a character or a sub-component called a Radical (Chinese characters), radical—usually involves either a reduction in its total number of Chinese character strokes, strokes, or an apparent streamlining of which strokes are chosen in what places—for example, the radical used in the traditional character is simplified to to form the simplified charac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uyghurs
The Uyghurs,. alternatively spelled Uighurs, Uygurs or Uigurs, are a Turkic peoples, Turkic ethnic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the general region of Central Asia and East Asia. The Uyghurs are recognized as the titular nationality of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in Northwest China. They are one of Ethnic minorities in China, China's 55 officially recognized ethnic minorities. The Uyghurs have traditionally inhabited a series of Oasis, oases scattered across the Taklamakan Desert within the Tarim Basin. These oases have historically existed as independent states or were controlled by many civilizations including History of China, China, the Mongol Empire, Mongols, the Tibetan Empire, Tibetans, and various Turkic polities. The Uyghurs gradually started to become Islamized in the 10th century, and most Uyghurs identified as Muslims by the 16th century. Islam has since played an important role in Uyghur culture and identity. An estimated 80% ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poet
A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator (thought, thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral tradition, oral or literature, written), or they may also performance, perform their art to an audience. The work of a poet is essentially one of communication, expressing ideas either in a literal sense (such as communicating about a specific event or place) or metaphorically. Poets have existed since prehistory, in nearly all languages, and have produced works that vary greatly in different cultures and periods. Throughout each civilization and language, poets have used various styles that have changed over time, resulting in countless poets as diverse as the literature that (since the advent of writing systems) they have produced. History Ancient poets The civilization of Sumer figures prominently in the history of early poetry, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wang Lequan
Wang Lequan (born 21 December 1944) is a Chinese retired politician, most notable for being the Party Secretary of Xinjiang, the autonomous region's top political office, between 1994 and 2010. From 2002 to 2012, Wang was also a member of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party. From 2010 to 2012 he was a Deputy Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission. He retired from active politics in 2012, and served President of the China Law Society from November 2013 to March 2019. Life and career Shandong Wang Lequan was born in Shouguang, Shandong in December 1944. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1966. He was a post-graduate at the Central Party School of the CCP Central Committee. From 1982 to 1986, he held the position of deputy secretary of the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League. In 1986, he became deputy secretary of the Liaocheng Prefecture Committee of Shandong Province. In 1988, he ascended to the role of secre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Azadliq (newspaper)
''Azadliq'' (; English: 'freedom') a daily political newspaper, is one of the most popular newspapers in Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by .... ''Azadliq'' was founded in 1989 as a weekly newspaper aligned with the Azerbaijani Popular Front Party. The first issue was released on 24 December 1989, with Najaf Najafov as its first editor. In 1991, Ganimat Zahid (born 10 February 1963) took over as editor. ''Azadliq'' has been published daily since 1996. References External links * Newspapers published in Azerbaijan Newspapers published in the Soviet Union Azerbaijani-language newspapers Free Media Awards winners {{Azerbaijan-newspaper-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Uyghurlar
''Uyghurlar'' (in English: ''The Uyghurs'') is a book by historian Turghun Almas on the history of the "6,000 year history" of the Uyghur ethnic group of the Xinjiang region of China. It was published in the People's Republic of China in 1989, at a high point of liberalization of academic freedom and ethnic minority policy in China. It was one of the books of the period that presented an " alternative Uyghur history", based on Soviet historiography during the Sino-Soviet split, that advanced the thesis that the Uyghurs are the historical owner of Xinjiang and should have an independent state.Bellér-Hann, Ildikó ''Situating the Uyghurs between China and Central Asia'' Ashgate 21 Dec 2007 p.42 It was also one of the first books to publicize the term East Turkestan, which suggests a kinship to a "West Turkestan" in the independent Central Asian states. In contrast to the official Chinese history of Xinjiang, which states that the region was an integral part of China since the Han ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
House Arrest
House arrest (also called home confinement, or nowadays electronic monitoring) is a legal measure where a person is required to remain at their residence under supervision, typically as an alternative to imprisonment. The person is confined by the authorities to their residence. Travel is usually restricted and may require prior approval. Since the introduction of electronic tagging a person under house arrest may be monitored electronically, and their movements are typically tracked. House arrest is also used in some cases for individuals convicted of minor offenses. In certain situations, such as in authoritarian regimes, house arrest may be used to restrict the freedom of political governments against political dissidents, sometimes limiting or monitoring their communication with the outside world. If electronic communication is allowed, conversations may be monitored. There is much criticism of the effectiveness of house arrest. History Judges have imposed sentences ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1924 Births
Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20–January 30, 30 – Kuomintang in China holds its 1st National Congress of the Kuomintang, first National Congress, initiating a policy of alliance with the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist Party. * January 21 – Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone, The Earl of Athlone is appointed Governor-General of the Union of South Africa, and High Commissioner for Southern Africa.Archontology.org: A Guide for Study of Historical Offices: South Africa: Governors-General: 1910-1961 (Accessed on 14 April 2017) * January 22 – R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
