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Tri-state District
The Tri-State district was a historic lead-zinc mining district located in present-day southwest Missouri, southeast Kansas and northeast Oklahoma. The district produced lead and zinc for over 100 years. Production began in the 1850s and 1860s in the Joplin - Granby area of Jasper and Newton counties of southwest Missouri. Production was particularly high during the World War I era and continued after World War II, but with declining activity. As jobs left the area, the communities declined in population. The Picher, Oklahoma mines were finally closed in 1967, and the "Swalley" mine near Baxter Springs, Kansas in 1970.Brockie, Douglas C., et al., ''The Geology and Ore Deposits of the Tri-State District of Missouri, Kansas and Oklahoma,'' in Ridge, John D., ''Ore Deposits of the United States, 1933-1967;'' Vol 1, Ch. 20, pp. 400 - 430, 1968, American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, Inc. Because of extensive toxic environmental wastes produced fro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cardin OK In 1922
Cardin is a surname. A branch of a family called Cardin then Cardim in Portugal proceeds from England, from where came Rubel or Robert Cardin then Roberto Cardim, whom it is supposed to have been part of the entourage of Queen Philippa of Lancaster, wife of John I of Portugal. He married in Portugal with Joana Fernandes, daughter of António Fernandes Menage, as understands Diogo Rangel, of which matrimony came the ones of the surname Cardim. They are their arms the following: or, a thistle flowered vert; crest: a lion or, with a thistle green in the claws."Armorial Lusitano", Afonso Eduardo Martins Zúquete, Editorial Enciclopédia, 3rd Edition, Lisbon, 1987, p. 137 Notable people with the surname include: *Alberto Cardín (1948–1992), Spanish essayist and anthropologist * Annie Cardin (born 1938), French artist * Arthur Cardin (1879–1946), Canadian politician *Ben Cardin (born 1943), American politician from Maryland *Charlotte Cardin (born 1994), Canadian pop singer * Claud ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baxter Springs, Kansas
Baxter Springs is a city in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States, and located along Spring River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 3,888. History Indigenous settlement For thousands of years, indigenous peoples had lived along the waterways throughout the west. The Osage migrated west from the Ohio River area of Kentucky, driven out by the Iroquois. They settled in Kansas by the mid-17th century, adopting Plains Indian traditions. They competed with other tribes and by 1750 they dominated much of what is now the region of Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. One of the largest Osage bands was led by Chief Black Dog (''Manka - Chonka''). His men completed what became known as the Black Dog Trail by 1803. It started from their winter territory east of Baxter Springs and extended southwest to their summer hunting grounds at the Great Salt Plains in present-day Alfalfa County, Oklahoma. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mining In Kansas
Mining is the Resource extraction, extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agriculture, agricultural processes, or feasibly created Chemical synthesis, artificially in a laboratory or factory. Ores recovered by mining include Metal#Extraction, metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk mining, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. The ore must be a rock or mineral that contains valuable constituent, can be extracted or mined and sold for profit. Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even fossil water, water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and final mine reclamation, reclamation or restoration of the land after the mine is closed. Mining ma ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mining In Missouri
Mining is the extraction of valuable geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through agricultural processes, or feasibly created artificially in a laboratory or factory. Ores recovered by mining include metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. The ore must be a rock or mineral that contains valuable constituent, can be extracted or mined and sold for profit. Mining in a wider sense includes extraction of any non-renewable resource such as petroleum, natural gas, or even water. Modern mining processes involve prospecting for ore bodies, analysis of the profit potential of a proposed mine, extraction of the desired materials, and final reclamation or restoration of the land after the mine is closed. Mining materials are often obtained from ore bodies, lodes, veins, seams, reefs, or placer deposits. The exploitation of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ore Deposits
Ore is natural rock or sediment that contains one or more valuable minerals, typically including metals, concentrated above background levels, and that is economically viable to mine and process. The grade of ore refers to the concentration of the desired material it contains. The value of the metals or minerals a rock contains must be weighed against the cost of extraction to determine whether it is of sufficiently high grade to be worth mining and is therefore considered an ore. A complex ore is one containing more than one valuable mineral. Minerals of interest are generally oxides, sulfides, silicates, or native metals such as copper or gold. Ore bodies are formed by a variety of geological processes generally referred to as ore genesis and can be classified based on their deposit type. Ore is extracted from the earth through mining and treated or refined, often via smelting, to extract the valuable metals or minerals. Some ores, depending on their composition, may pose t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lead And Zinc Mines In The United States
Lead () is a chemical element; it has symbol Pb (from Latin ) and atomic number 82. It is a heavy metal that is denser than most common materials. Lead is soft and malleable, and also has a relatively low melting point. When freshly cut, lead is a shiny gray with a hint of blue. It tarnishes to a dull gray color when exposed to air. Lead has the highest atomic number of any stable element and three of its isotopes are endpoints of major nuclear decay chains of heavier elements. Lead is a relatively unreactive post-transition metal. Its weak metallic character is illustrated by its amphoteric nature; lead and lead oxides react with acids and bases, and it tends to form covalent bonds. Compounds of lead are usually found in the +2 oxidation state rather than the +4 state common with lighter members of the carbon group. Exceptions are mostly limited to organolead compounds. Like the lighter members of the group, lead tends to bond with itself; it can form chains and polyhedral ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Superfund Sites In The United States
Superfund sites are polluted locations in the United States requiring a long-term response to clean up hazardous material contaminations. Sites include landfills, mines, manufacturing facilities, processing plants where toxic waste has either been improperly managed or dumped. They were designated under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) of 1980. CERCLA authorized the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to create a list of such locations, which are placed on the National Priorities List (NPL). The NPL guides the EPA in "determining which sites warrant further investigation" for environmental remediation. , there were 1,340 Superfund sites in the National Priorities List in the United States. Thirty-nine additional sites have been proposed for entry on the list, and 457 sites have been cleaned up and removed from the list. New Jersey, California, and Pennsylvania have the most sites. Lists of Superfund sites U.S. s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tar Creek Superfund Site
Tar Creek Superfund site is a United States Superfund site, declared in 1983, located in the cities of Picher, Douthat and Cardin, Ottawa County, in northeastern Oklahoma. From 1900 to the 1960s lead mining and zinc mining companies left behind huge open chat piles that were heavily contaminated by these metals, cadmium, and others. Metals from the mining waste leached into the soil, and seeped into groundwater, ponds, and lakes. Because of the contamination, Picher children have suffered elevated lead, zinc and manganese levels, resulting in learning disabilities and a variety of other health problems. The EPA declared Picher to be one of the most toxic areas in the United States."Pollution busts Okla. mining town" Associated Press (c/o NBC News), 12 May 2008Juozapavicius, Justi [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Superfund
Superfund is a United States federal environmental remediation program established by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA). The program is administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and is designed to pay for investigating and cleaning up sites contaminated with hazardous substances. Sites managed under this program are referred to as Superfund sites. Of the tens of thousands of sites selected for possible action under the Superfund program, 1178 (as of 2024) remain on the National Priorities List (NPL)The EPA and state agencies use the ''Hazard Ranking System (HRS)'' to calculate a site score (ranging from 0 to 100) based on the actual or potential release of hazardous substances from a site. A score of 28.5 places a site on the National Priorities List, eligible for cleanup under the Superfund program. that makes them eligible for cleanup under the Superfund prog ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Environmental Protection Agency
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is an independent agency of the United States government tasked with environmental protection matters. President Richard Nixon proposed the establishment of EPA on July 9, 1970; it began operation on December 2, 1970, after Nixon signed an executive order. The order establishing the EPA was ratified by committee hearings in the House and Senate. The agency is led by its administrator, who is appointed by the president and approved by the Senate. The current administrator is Lee Zeldin. The EPA is not a Cabinet department, but the administrator is normally given cabinet rank. The EPA has its headquarters in Washington, D.C. There are regional offices for each of the agency's ten regions, as well as 27 laboratories around the country. The agency conducts environmental assessment, research, and education. It has the responsibility of maintaining and enforcing national standards under a variety of environmental laws, in consultat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chat (mining)
Chat is a local term in the Tri-State Mining District for gravel-like waste created by ore crushing in lead-zinc mining operations there in the late 1800s and mid-1900s. Chat is mainly composed of chert, dolomite, and sulfide minerals, but is contaminated with lead, zinc, cadmium, and other metals. The contamination of chat piles varies, lessening each time the pile is re-milled. Most of the heavy metals are present in fine particles in the chat, rather than the gravel-sized stones which are what it is mostly sold for. These fine particles can be blown by wind (20% of fine particles were subject to wind transport in one Oklahoma town studied). Once airborne, they can be inhaled by humans (6% were of appropriate size in that town) or deposited into soil or water. As of 2006, about 100 million tons of chat were present in the Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri tri-state mining region. A 2020 study of showed that Picher, a town surrounded by chat piles but not currently engaging in i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Picher, Oklahoma
Picher is a ghost town and former city in Ottawa County, Oklahoma, Ottawa County, northeastern Oklahoma, United States. It was a major national center of lead and zinc mining for more than 100 years in the heart of the Tri-State district, Tri-State Mining District. Decades of unrestricted subsurface excavation dangerously undermined most of Picher's town buildings and left giant piles of toxic metal-contaminated mine tailings (known as Chat (mining), chat) heaped throughout the area. The discovery of cave-in risks, groundwater contamination and health effects associated with the chat piles and subsurface shafts resulted in the site being included in 1983 in the Tar Creek Superfund site by the US United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Protection Agency. The state collaborated on mitigation and remediation measures, but a 1994 study found that 34% of the children in Picher suffered from lead poisoning due to these environmental effects, which could result ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
