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Treaty Of Alton
The Treaty of Alton was an agreement signed in 1101 between Henry Beauclerc and his older brother Robert Curthose in which Robert agreed to recognize Henry as the king of England in exchange for a yearly stipend and other concessions. The agreement temporarily ended a crisis in the succession of the Anglo-Norman kings. King William II of England died in a hunting accident in 1100. His elder brother, Robert Curthose, had at one point been acknowledged as his heir presumptive. Robert's absence in the First Crusade at the time of William's death, as well as his poor reputation among the Anglo-Norman barons, allowed the youngest brother, Henry Beauclerc, to claim the throne with popular support. Robert returned from the Holy Land after Henry's coronation. Encouraged by his advisor Ranulf Flambard, he invaded the Kingdom of England in order to claim the throne. He landed secretly at Portsmouth and was met by Henry at the town of Alton. Henry had solidified his popularity with the noble ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Beauclerc
Henry I ( – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in 1087, Henry's elder brothers Robert Curthose and William Rufus inherited Normandy and England, respectively; Henry was left landless. He purchased the County of Cotentin in western Normandy from Robert, but his brothers deposed him in 1091. He gradually rebuilt his power base in the Cotentin and allied himself with William Rufus against Robert. Present in England with his brother William when William died in a hunting accident, Henry seized the English throne, promising at his coronation to correct many of William's less popular policies. He married Matilda of Scotland and they had two surviving children, Empress Matilda and William Adelin; he also had many illegitimate children by his numerous mistresses. Robert, who invaded from Normandy in 1101, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alton, Hampshire
Alton ( ) is a market town and civil parish in East Hampshire, England, near the source of the northern branch of the River Wey. It had a population of 19,425 at the 2021 census. Alton was recorded in the Domesday Survey of 1086 as ''Aoltone''. During the Saxon period Alton was known as ''Aweltun''. The Battle of Alton occurred in the town during the English Civil War. It also has connections with Sweet Fanny Adams and Jane Austen. History Early history The Alton Hoard of Iron Age coins and jewellery found in the vicinity of the town in 1996 is now in the British Museum. There is evidence of a Roman posting station at Neatham near Alton, probably called Vindomis, and a ford (crossing), ford across the River Wey on the line of a Roman road that ran from Chichester to Silchester. An Anglo-Saxon settlement was established in the area and a 7th-century cemetery was discovered during building excavations. It contained grave goods including the ''Alton Buckle'' which is on displa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treaties Of Medieval England
A treaty is a formal, legally binding written agreement between sovereign states and/or international organizations that is governed by international law. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms; however, only documents that are legally binding on the parties are considered treaties under international law. Treaties may be bilateral (between two countries) or multilateral (involving more than two countries). Treaties are among the earliest manifestations of international relations; the first known example is a border agreement between the Sumerian city-states of Lagash and Umma around 3100 BC. International agreements were used in some form by most major civilizations and became increasingly common and more sophisticated during the early modern era. The early 19th century saw developments in diplomacy, foreign policy, and international law reflected by the widespread use of tre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
History Of Hampshire
Hampshire is a county in Southern England with some notable archaeology and many notable historic buildings. The chalk downland of the South Downs and southern edges of Salisbury Plain were settled in the Neolithic, and these settlers built hill forts such as Winklebury and may have farmed the valleys of Hampshire. Hampshire was part of an Ancient British kingdom the Celts called ''Gwent'' (not be confused with the county in Wales) or ''Y Went'', describing the county's open downs, which also covered areas that would later belong to Somerset and Wiltshire. In the Roman invasion of Britain, Hampshire was one of the first areas to fall to the invading forces. During the period of Anglo-Saxon settlement, modern Hampshire and the Isle of Wight were occupied by Jutish tribes – a people separate initially from the Saxons and Angles. Jutes founded kingdoms known as ''Wihtwara'' (Wight), ''Meonwara'' (Meon Valley) and '' Ytene'' (in an area similar to the later site of the Ne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1101 In England
Events from the 1100s in England. Incumbents *Monarch – William II (until 2 August 1100), then Henry I Events * 1100 ** 2 August – King William II dies in a hunting accident in the New Forest; his brother Henry I claims the throne. ** 5 August – coronation of Henry I at Westminster Abbey. He issues the Charter of Liberties to mark his coronation. ** 23 September – Archbishop of Canterbury Anselm returns from exile at the invitation of Henry I. ** 11 November – Henry I marries Matilda of Scotland, daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland, at Westminster Abbey. * 1101 ** 3 February – Ranulf Flambard, bishop of Durham, escapes from the Tower of London and flees to Normandy where he joins Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy, who has just returned from the Crusades. ** 20 July – Robert Curthose lands at Portsmouth to claim the English throne. ** 2 August – By the Treaty of Alton, ratified at Winchester, Robert recognises his younger brother Henry I as King of England. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1101
Year 1101 ( MCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. It was the 2nd year of the 1100s decade, and the 1st year of the 12th century. Events By place Byzantine Empire * Crusade of 1101 – A second wave of European crusaders attempts to cross Anatolia, to reach the Kingdom of Jerusalem. They are defeated by the Seljuk troops under Sultan Kilij Arslan I, at Heraclea. A handful of crusaders under Raymond IV manage to reach the Byzantine port of Bafra, at the mouth of the River Halys. * Summer – The Byzantine fleet under Admiral Eustathios recaptures the ports of western Cilicia, Seleucia and Corycus. Eustathios extends his power over Cilician territory (belonging to Bohemond I) further east – occupying Tarsus, Adana and Mamistra. Levant * Spring – King Baldwin I concludes an alliance with the Genoese fleet, offering them commercial privileges and booty. He captures the towns of Arsuf and Caesarea. Baldwin's cr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Battle Of Tinchebray
The Battle of Tinchebray (alternative spellings: Tinchebrai or Tenchebrai) took place on 28 September 1106, in Tinchebray (today in the Orne ''département'' of France), Normandy, between an invading force led by King Henry I of England, and the Norman army of his elder brother Robert Curthose, the Duke of Normandy.C. Warren Hollister, ''Henry I'', ed. Amanda Clark Frost (New Haven; London, Yale University Press, 2003), p. 199. Henry's knights won a decisive victory: they captured Robert, and Henry imprisoned him in England (in Devizes Castle) and then in Wales until Robert's death (in Cardiff Castle) in 1134. Prelude Henry invaded Normandy in 1105 in the course of an ongoing dynastic dispute with his brother. He took Bayeux and Caen, but broke off his campaign because of political problems arising from an investiture controversy.David Crouch, ''The Normans; The History of a Dynasty'' (London. New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), pp. 176–177. With these settled, he returned t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Duchy Of Normandy
The Duchy of Normandy grew out of the 911 Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between Charles the Simple, King Charles III of West Francia and the Viking leader Rollo. The duchy was named for its inhabitants, the Normans. From 1066 until 1204, as a result of the Norman Conquest of England, the dukes of Normandy were usually also kings of England, the only exceptions being Dukes Robert Curthose (1087–1106), Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, Geoffrey Plantagenet (1144–1150), and Henry II of England, Henry II (1150–1152), who became king of England in 1154. In 1202, Philip II of France declared Normandy forfeit to him and Invasion of Normandy by Philip II of France, seized it by force of arms in 1204. It remained disputed territory until the Treaty of Paris (1259), Treaty of Paris of 1259, when the English sovereign ceded his claim except for the Channel Islands. With the mainland portions of the Duchy absorbed into the Royal domain of France, French Royal Domain, the now much ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mark (currency)
The mark was a currency or unit of account in many states. It is named for the mark unit of weight. The word ''mark'' comes from a merging of three Germanic words, Latinised in 9th-century post-classical Latin as ', ', ' or '. It was a measure of weight mainly for gold and silver, commonly used throughout Europe and often equivalent to . Considerable variations, however, occurred throughout the Middle Ages. the only circulating currency named "mark" is the Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark. List of currencies named "mark" or similar "Mark" can refer * to one of the following historical German currencies: ** Since the 11th century: the , used in the Electorate of Cologne; ** 1319: the , minted and used by the North German Hanseatic city of Stralsund and various towns in Pomerania; ** 1502: the , a uniform coinage for the '' Wends'' () Hanseatic cities of Lübeck, Hamburg, Wismar, Lüneburg, Rostock, Stralsund, Anklam, among others, who joined the Wends Coinage Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charter Of Liberties
The Charter of Liberties, also called the Coronation Charter, or Statutes of the Realm, was a written proclamation by Henry I of England, issued upon his accession to the throne in 1100. It sought to bind the King to certain laws regarding the treatment of nobles, church officials, and individuals. The nineteenth-century historians Frederic William Maitland, Frederick Maitland and Sir Frederick Pollock, 1st Baronet, Frederick Pollock considered it a landmark document in English legal history and a forerunner of Magna Carta. The document addressed abuses of royal power by his predecessor William II of England, William II (his brother William Rufus), as perceived by the nobility, specifically the over-taxation of the barons, the abuse of vacant Episcopal see, sees, and the practices of simony and benefice#Pluralism, pluralism. The Charter of Liberties was generally ignored by monarchs, until in 1213 Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, reminded the nobles that their libertie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portsmouth
Portsmouth ( ) is a port city status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Hampshire, England. Most of Portsmouth is located on Portsea Island, off the south coast of England in the Solent, making Portsmouth the only city in England not located primarily on the Great Britain, mainland. The city is located south-east of Southampton, west of Brighton and Hove and south-west of London. With a population last recorded at 208,100, it is the most densely populated city in the United Kingdom. Portsmouth forms part of the South Hampshire urban area with Gosport, Borough of Fareham, Fareham, Borough of Havant, Havant, Borough of Eastleigh, Eastleigh and Southampton. Portsmouth's history can be traced to Roman Britain, Roman times and has been a significant Royal Navy dockyard and base for centuries. Portsmouth was founded by Anglo-Norman merchant Jean de Gisors in the south-west area of Portsea Island, a location now known as Old Portsmouth. Around this time, de Gis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Curthose
Robert Curthose ( – February 1134, ), the eldest son of William the Conqueror, was Duke of Normandy as Robert II from 1087 to 1106. Robert was also an unsuccessful pretender to the throne of the Kingdom of England. The epithet "Curthose" originated in the Norman French word ''courtheuse'' ("short stockings"). The chroniclers William of Malmesbury and Orderic Vitalis wrote that his father had derisively called him ''brevis-ocrea'' ("short boot"). Robert's reign is noted for the discord with his brothers, the English kings William II and Henry I. He mortgaged his duchy to finance his participation in the First Crusade, where he was an important commander. In 1106, his disagreements with Henry led to defeat in the Battle of Tinchebray and lifelong captivity, with Normandy temporarily absorbed into England's possession. Early life Robert was the eldest son of William the Conqueror, the first Norman king of England and Matilda of Flanders. Estimates of Robert's birth-dat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
