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Toll Roads In Norway
Road tolling to finance bridges, tunnels and roads has a long history in Norway. The cities Oslo, Bergen and Trondheim introduced toll rings between 1986 and 1991 as a means to discourage urban traffic and to finance infrastructure projects around those cities. Today toll rings circumscribe Oslo, Kristiansand (town), Kristiansand, Stavanger (city), Stavanger, Haugesund (town), Haugesund, Bergen (city), Bergen, Askøy Municipality, Askøy, Bodø (town), Bodø, Harstad (town), Harstad, Grenland, Førde (town), Førde and Trondheim (city), Trondheim. Besides toll rings, road tolls are installed to finance certain road projects, and often also on the existing road to discourage people from using it. Some tolls use congestion pricing and/or environmentally differentiated toll rates. There is an ongoing reform of the road toll sector, proposed by Prime minister Solberg's Cabinet. The toll reform has four parts: a reduction of the number of toll road operators, separation of the toll ser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NO Road Sign 765
No or NO may refer to: Linguistics and symbols * Yes and no, ''Yes'' and ''no'', responses * No, an English determiner in noun phrases * No (kana) (, ), a letter/syllable in Japanese script * No symbol (🚫), the general prohibition sign * Numero sign ( or No.), a typographic symbol for the word "number" * Norwegian language (ISO 639-1 code "no") Places * Niederösterreich (''NÖ''), Lower Austria * Norway (ISO 3166-1 country code NO, internet top level domain .no) * No, Denmark, a village in Denmark * Nō, Niigata, a former town in Japan * No Creek (other), several streams * Lake No, in South Sudan * New Orleans, Louisiana, US or its professional sports teams: ** New Orleans Saints of the National Football League ** New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association * Province of Novara (Piedmonte, Italy), province code NO Arts and entertainment Film and television * No (2012 film), ''No'' (2012 film), a 2012 Chilean film * Nô (film), ''Nô'' (film), a 1998 C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gasoline
Gasoline ( North American English) or petrol ( Commonwealth English) is a petrochemical product characterized as a transparent, yellowish, and flammable liquid normally used as a fuel for spark-ignited internal combustion engines. When formulated as a fuel for engines, gasoline is chemically composed of organic compounds derived from the fractional distillation of petroleum and later chemically enhanced with gasoline additives. It is a high-volume profitable product produced in crude oil refineries. The ability of a particular gasoline blend to resist premature ignition (which causes knocking and reduces efficiency in reciprocating engines) is measured by its octane rating. Tetraethyl lead was once widely used to increase the octane rating but is not used in modern automotive gasoline due to the health hazard. Aviation, off-road motor vehicles, and racing car engines still use leaded gasolines. Other substances are frequently added to gasoline to improve chemical st ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diesel Engine
The diesel engine, named after the German engineer Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which Combustion, ignition of diesel fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to Mechanics, mechanical Compression (physics), compression; thus, the diesel engine is called a compression-ignition engine (CI engine). This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine (gasoline engine) or a gas engine (using a gaseous fuel like natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas). Introduction Diesel engines work by compressing only air, or air combined with residual combustion gases from the exhaust (known as exhaust gas recirculation, "EGR"). Air is inducted into the chamber during the intake stroke, and compressed during the compression stroke. This increases air temperature inside the Cylinder (engine), cylinder so that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites. The torque a dies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plug-in Hybrid
A plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) or simply plug-in hybrid is a type of hybrid electric vehicle equipped with a rechargeable battery pack that can be directly replenished via a charging cable plugged into an external electric power source, in addition to charging internally by its on-board internal combustion engine-powered generator. While PHEVs are predominantly passenger cars, there are also plug-in hybrid variants of sports cars, commercial vehicles, vans, utility trucks, buses, trains, motorcycles, mopeds, military vehicles and boats. Similar to battery electric vehicles (BEVs), plug-in hybrids can use centralized generators of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind or hydroelectric) to be largely emission-free, or a fossil plant in which case they displace greenhouse gas emissions from the car tailpipe exhaust to the power station. As opposed to conventional hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), PHEVs generally have a larger battery pack that can be recharged (the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zero-emissions Vehicle
A zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) is a vehicle that does not emit exhaust gas or other pollutants from the onboard source of power. The California definition also adds that this includes under any and all possible operational modes and conditions. This is because under cold-start conditions for example, internal combustion engines tend to produce the maximum amount of pollutants. In a number of countries and states, transport is cited as the main source of greenhouse gases (GHG) and other pollutants. The desire to reduce this is thus politically strong. Terminology Harmful pollutants to the health and the environment include particulates ( soot), hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, ozone, lead, and various oxides of nitrogen. Although not considered emission pollutants by the original California Air Resources Board (CARB) or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) definitions, the most recent common use of the term also includes volatile organic compounds, several toxic airborne com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
NO Road Sign 792
No or NO may refer to: Linguistics and symbols * ''Yes'' and ''no'', responses * No, an English determiner in noun phrases * No (kana) (, ), a letter/syllable in Japanese script * No symbol (🚫), the general prohibition sign * Numero sign ( or No.), a typographic symbol for the word "number" * Norwegian language (ISO 639-1 code "no") Places * Niederösterreich (''NÖ''), Lower Austria * Norway (ISO 3166-1 country code NO, internet top level domain .no) * No, Denmark, a village in Denmark * Nō, Niigata, a former town in Japan * No Creek (other), several streams * Lake No, in South Sudan * New Orleans, Louisiana, US or its professional sports teams: ** New Orleans Saints of the National Football League ** New Orleans Pelicans of the National Basketball Association * Province of Novara (Piedmonte, Italy), province code NO Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''No'' (2012 film), a 2012 Chilean film * ''Nô'' (film), a 1998 Canadian film * Julius No, the titula ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EasyGo
EasyGo is a joint venture between Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Austria, that enables use of a single electronic toll tag on toll roads, ferries and bridges in all the member countries. The purpose of EasyGo is to enable the use of one OBE for payment when driving through any toll facility one might encounter on the way through Northern Europe and Austria. EasyGo is based on DSRC 5.8 GHz microwave technology and there are major differences between the operators. The toll stations have different design and there is no common EasyGo signage, although there are some common features. History EasyGo was Europe's first commercial cross-border toll collection service. Initial discussions began in 2004, when the Svinesund Bridge between Norway and Sweden was being built. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration and the Swedish Transport Agency, together with Sund & Bælt (operator of the Great Belt Fixed Link) and Øresundsbro Konsortiet (Danish/Swedish joint venture, operator of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Windscreen
The windshield (American English and Canadian English) or windscreen (Commonwealth English) of an aircraft, car, bus, motorbike, truck, train, boat or streetcar is the front window, which provides visibility while protecting occupants from the elements. Modern windshields are generally made of laminated safety glass, a type of treated glass, which consists of, typically, two curved sheets of glass with a plastic layer laminated between them for safety, and bonded into the window frame. Motorcycle windshields are often made of high-impact polycarbonate or acrylic plastic. Usage Windshields protect the vehicle's occupants from wind and flying debris such as dust, insects, and rocks, and provide an aerodynamically formed window towards the front. UV coating may be applied to screen out harmful ultraviolet radiation. However, this is usually unnecessary since most auto windshields are made from laminated safety glass. The majority of UV-B is absorbed by the glass itself, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kapsch
The Kapsch Group, headquartered in Vienna, Austria, is an international corporation specializing in telematics, information technology and telecommunication. History and operations In September 1892, Johann Kapsch (1845–1921) founded a precision engineering workshop in Vienna, with the state-owned and operated ''Post- und Telegraphenverwaltung'' (Mailing- and Telegraph-Administration) among its first clients. In 1916, the company changed its name to ''Telefon- und Telegrafen-Fabriks-Aktiengesellschaft Kapsch & Söhne in Wien'' ("Telephone and Telegraph Manufacturing Stock Company Kapsch & Sons in Vienna"). During World War I, the company produced night sights for the Austrian Model 1895 rifle and carbine. With the growing number of inventions, Kapsch expanded its product range by adding the manufacturing of capacitors, tin tubes and dry batteries. In 1923, Kapsch started to manufacture radios, with the first TV sets following in 1955. After the Second World War, Kapsch was heavi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Q-Free
Q-Free ASA (Q-Free) is a supplier of Tolling, Traffic Management and Connected ITS (C-ITS)/Connected Vehicle solutions with headquarters in Trondheim, Norway. The company has approximately 380 employees with 17 offices around the world and traded under the ticker QFR on the Oslo Stock Exchange from 2002 to December 2023 when private ownership removed the listing. History With offices in most European countries, Asia, Australia and Americas, Q-Free sells applications mainly within electronic toll collection for road financing, congestion charging, truck-tolling and parking/access control, and supplies DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) technology, OCR (image processing), ALPR (Automatic License Plate Recognition) and GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) based products as well as traffic management systems such as Kinetic Mobility platform, traffic controllers and related software. The company was established as Micro Design AS in 1984. In 1988, Q-Free ETC technology w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
