Titanoeca Gyirongensis
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Titanoeca Gyirongensis
''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquilensis'' is endemic (ecology), endemic to Ecuador. The species formerly known as ''Titanoeca obscura'' was renamed to ''Titanoeca quadriguttata, T. quadriguttata''. Species * ''Titanoeca altaica'' Song & Zhou, 1994 — China * ''Titanoeca americana'' James Henry Emerton, Emerton, 1888 — North America * ''Titanoeca asimilis'' Song & Zhu, 1985 — Russia, Mongolia, China * ''Titanoeca brunnea'' Emerton, 1888 — United States, Canada * ''Titanoeca caucasica'' Dunin, 1985 — Azerbaijan * ''Titanoeca decorata'' Yin & Bao, 2001 — China * ''Titanoeca eca'' Marusik, 1995 — Kazakhstan * ''Titanoeca flavicoma'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic * ''Titanoeca guayaquilensis'' Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador * ''Titanoeca gyirongensis'' Hu, 2001 — China ...
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Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell
Tord Tamerlan Teodor Thorell (3 May 1830 – 22 December 1901) was a Sweden, Swedish arachnologist. Thorell studied spiders with Giacomo Doria at the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale de Genoa. He corresponded with other arachnologists, such as Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, Eugène Simon and Thomas Workman (entomologist), Thomas Workman. He described more than 1,000 spider species during his time from the 1850s to 1900. Thorell wrote: ''On European Spiders'' (1869) and ''Synonym of European Spiders'' (1870-73). Taxonomic honors The Orb-weaver spider genus ''Thorellina'' and the jumping spider genus ''Thorelliola'' are named after him, as well as about 30 species of spiders: * ''Araneus thorelli'' (Roewer, 1942) (Myanmar) (Araneidae) * ''Gasteracantha thorelli'' Keyserling, 1864 (Madagascar) (Araneidae) * ''Leviellus thorelli'' (Ausserer, 1871) (Europe) (Araneidae) * ''Mandjelia thorelli'' (Raven, 1990) (Queensland) (Barychelidae) * ''Clubiona thorelli'' Roewer, 1951 (Sumatra) (Club ...
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to the China–Kazakhstan border, east, Kyrgyzstan to the Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan border, southeast, Uzbekistan to the Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan border, south, and Turkmenistan to the Kazakhstan–Turkmenistan border, southwest, with a coastline along the Caspian Sea. Its capital is Astana, while the largest city and leading cultural and commercial hub is Almaty. Kazakhstan is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, ninth-largest country by land area and the largest landlocked country. Steppe, Hilly plateaus and plains account for nearly half its vast territory, with Upland and lowland, lowlands composing another third; its southern and eastern frontiers are composed of low mountainous regions. Kazakhstan has a population of 20 mi ...
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Titanoeca Minuta
''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquilensis'' is endemic to Ecuador. The species formerly known as ''Titanoeca obscura'' was renamed to '' T. quadriguttata''. Species * '' Titanoeca altaica'' Song & Zhou, 1994 — China * '' Titanoeca americana'' Emerton, 1888 — North America * '' Titanoeca asimilis'' Song & Zhu, 1985 — Russia, Mongolia, China * ''Titanoeca brunnea'' Emerton, 1888 — United States, Canada * '' Titanoeca caucasica'' Dunin, 1985 — Azerbaijan * '' Titanoeca decorata'' Yin & Bao, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca eca'' Marusik, 1995 — Kazakhstan * '' Titanoeca flavicoma'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic * '' Titanoeca guayaquilensis'' Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador * ''Titanoeca gyirongensis'' Hu, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca hispanica'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Spain, ...
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Central Asia
Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian language, Persian suffix "-stan" (meaning ) in both respective native languages and most other languages. The region is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the southwest, European Russia to the northwest, China and Mongolia to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the south, and Siberia to the north. Together, the five Central Asian countries have a total population of around million. In the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras ( and earlier) Central Asia was inhabited predominantly by Iranian peoples, populated by Eastern Iranian-speaking Bactrians, Sogdians, Khwarezmian language, Chorasmians, and the semi-nomadic Scythians and Dahae. As the result of Turkic migration, Central Asia also became the homeland for the Kazakhs, Kyrgyzs, Volga Tatars, Tatars, Turkmens, ...
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Titanoeca Lehtineni
''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquilensis'' is endemic to Ecuador. The species formerly known as ''Titanoeca obscura'' was renamed to '' T. quadriguttata''. Species * '' Titanoeca altaica'' Song & Zhou, 1994 — China * '' Titanoeca americana'' Emerton, 1888 — North America * '' Titanoeca asimilis'' Song & Zhu, 1985 — Russia, Mongolia, China * ''Titanoeca brunnea'' Emerton, 1888 — United States, Canada * '' Titanoeca caucasica'' Dunin, 1985 — Azerbaijan * '' Titanoeca decorata'' Yin & Bao, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca eca'' Marusik, 1995 — Kazakhstan * '' Titanoeca flavicoma'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic * '' Titanoeca guayaquilensis'' Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador * ''Titanoeca gyirongensis'' Hu, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca hispanica'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Spain, ...
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Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turkish people, Turks, while ethnic Kurds in Turkey, Kurds are the Minorities in Turkey, largest ethnic minority. Officially Secularism in Turkey, a secular state, Turkey has Islam in Turkey, a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya. First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to List of ancient peoples of Anatolia, various ancient peoples. The Hattians ...
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern portion of the Balkans directly south of the Danube river and west of the Black Sea. Bulgaria is bordered by Greece and Turkey to the south, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and Romania to the north. It covers a territory of and is the tenth largest within the European Union and the List of European countries by area, sixteenth-largest country in Europe by area. Sofia is the nation's capital and List of cities and towns in Bulgaria, largest city; other major cities include Burgas, Plovdiv, and Varna, Bulgaria, Varna. One of the earliest societies in the lands of modern-day Bulgaria was the Karanovo culture (6,500 BC). In the 6th to 3rd century BC, the region was a battleground for ancient Thracians, Persians, Celts and Ancient Macedonians, Macedonians; stability came when the Roman Empire conquered the region in AD 45. After the Roman state splintered, trib ...
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Titanoeca Incerta
''Titanoeca'' is a genus of spiders that occurs mainly in Eurasia, with three species found only in North America (''T. americana'', ''T. brunnea'', ''T. nigrella''). One species (''T. nivalis'') has a holarctic distribution, and ''T. guayaquilensis'' is endemic to Ecuador. The species formerly known as ''Titanoeca obscura'' was renamed to '' T. quadriguttata''. Species * '' Titanoeca altaica'' Song & Zhou, 1994 — China * '' Titanoeca americana'' Emerton, 1888 — North America * '' Titanoeca asimilis'' Song & Zhu, 1985 — Russia, Mongolia, China * ''Titanoeca brunnea'' Emerton, 1888 — United States, Canada * '' Titanoeca caucasica'' Dunin, 1985 — Azerbaijan * '' Titanoeca decorata'' Yin & Bao, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca eca'' Marusik, 1995 — Kazakhstan * '' Titanoeca flavicoma'' L. Koch, 1872 — Palearctic * '' Titanoeca guayaquilensis'' Schmidt, 1971 — Ecuador * ''Titanoeca gyirongensis'' Hu, 2001 — China * '' Titanoeca hispanica'' Wunderlich, 1995 — Spain, ...
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