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Timeline Of Cairo
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Cairo, Egypt. Prior to 19th century * 1st C. BCE – Babylon Fortress built (approximate date). * 33 CE – Origins of the Coptic Orthodox Church. * 4th–5th C. CE – Saints Sergius and Bacchus Church (Abu Serga) built. * 6th C. – Church of Saint Menas established. * 642 – Mosque of Amr ibn al-As built. * 873 – Ahmad ibn Tulun founds El-Katai. * 879 ** Mosque of Ibn Tulun built. ** Church of St. George built (approximate date). ** Church of the Virgin Mary (Haret Zuweila) built (approximate date). * 970 ** Misr al-Qahira settlement founded by Fatimid Al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah. ** Al-Azhar University established. * 972 – Al-Azhar Mosque established. * 978 –The Hanging Church rebuilt (approximate date). * 979 – Saint Mercurius Church in Coptic Cairo rebuilt (approximate date). * 992 – Al-Hakim Mosque built. * 11th C. – Church of the Holy Virgin (Babylon El-Darag) built. * 1016 – Lulua Mosque built. * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The Hanging Church
Virgin Mary's Coptic Orthodox Church ( ''Church of Mother of God Saint Mary in Egyptian Babylon''), also known as the Hanging Church (, ), is one of the oldest churches in Egypt which dates to the third century. It belongs to the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria. Name and description The Hanging Church is named for its location above a gatehouse of Babylon Fortress, the Roman fortress in Coptic Cairo (Old Cairo); its nave is suspended over a passage. The church is approached by twenty-nine steps; early travelers to Cairo dubbed it "the Staircase Church". The land surface has risen by some six metres since the Roman period, so the Roman tower is mostly buried below ground, reducing the visual impact of the church's elevated position. The entrance from the street is through iron gates under a pointed stone arch. The nineteenth-century facade with twin bell towers is then seen beyond a narrow courtyard decorated with modern art biblical designs. Up the steps and through the en ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fustat
Fustat (), also Fostat, was the first capital of Egypt under Muslim rule, though it has been integrated into Cairo. It was built adjacent to what is now known as Old Cairo by the Rashidun Muslim general 'Amr ibn al-'As immediately after the Muslim conquest of Egypt in AD 641, and featured the Mosque of Amr, the first mosque built in Egypt. The city reached its peak in the 12th century, with a population of approximately 200,000.Williams, p. 37 It was the centre of administrative power in Egypt, until it was ordered burnt in 1168 by its own vizier, Shawar, to keep its wealth out of the hands of the invading Crusaders. The remains of the city were eventually absorbed by nearby Cairo, which had been built to the north of Fustat in 969 when the Fatimids conquered the region and created a new city as a royal enclosure for the Caliph. The area fell into disrepair for hundreds of years and was used as a rubbish dump. Today, Fustat is a suburb that lies within the modern district of O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque
The Mosque of al-Salih Tala'i () is a late Fatimid-era mosque built by the vizier Tala'i ibn Ruzzik in 1160. It is located south of Bab Zuweila, just outside the southern entrance to the old walled city of Cairo. History Construction and context The mosque was commissioned by Tala'i ibn Ruzzik, the vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate, in 1160. Tala'i was one of the last powerful and competent viziers who maintained a level of stability in the Fatimid empire in its last decades. As the Fatimid Caliphate was abolished in 1171, this mosque is the last major Fatimid monument to have been built (and which still survives). Some of the mosque's original decorative elements continued to appear in post-Fatimid architecture in Cairo.O'Kane, Bernard (with contributions by Mohamed Abbas and Iman R. Abdulfattah). 2012. ''The Illustrated Guide to the Museum of Islamic Art in Cairo''. Cairo, New York: The American University in Cairo Press, p. 80. The Fatimid dynasty were Isma'ili Shi'a M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Hussein Mosque
The al-Hussein Mosque or al-Husayn Mosque, also known as the Mosque of al-Imam al-Husayn () and the Mosque of Sayyidna al-Husayn, is a mosque and mausoleum of Husayn ibn Ali, originally built in 1154, and then later reconstructed in 1874. The mosque is located in Cairo, Egypt, near the Khan El-Khalili bazaar, near-by the famous Al Azhar Mosque, in an area known as Al-Hussain. It is considered to be one of the holiest Islamic sites in Egypt. Some Shias believe that Husayn's head (''ra's mubarak'') is buried on the grounds of the mosque where a shrine currently stands. History Fatimid period According to Fatimid tradition, in the year 985, the fifth Fatimid caliph, al-Aziz Billah, located the site of his great-grandfather's head through the office of a contemporary in Baghdad. It remained buried in the Shrine of Husayn's Head in Palestine for approximately 250 years, until 1153. It was "rediscovered" in 1091 at a time when Badr al-Jamali, the vizier and ''de facto'' regent ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aqmar Mosque
The Aqmar Mosque (), was built in Cairo, Egypt, as a neighborhood mosque by the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid vizier al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi in 1125-6 Common Era, CE (519 Islamic calendar, Hijri). The mosque is situated on what was once the main avenue and ceremonial heart of Cairo, known today as Muizz Street, al-Mu'izz Street, in the immediate neighborhood of the former Fatimid Great Palaces, Fatimid caliphal palaces. The mosque is an important monument of Fatimid architecture and of Islamic Cairo, historic Cairo due to the exceptional decoration of its exterior façade and the innovative design of its floor plan. History The mosque was built by the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid vizier al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi, who served in this position from 1121 to 1125 under the Al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah, Caliph al-Amir. He served during a period of great political and spiritual crisis for the Fatimid Caliphate, not long after the sudden incursion of the First Crusade. He initiated a number of reforms a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bab Al-Nasr, Cairo
Bab al-Nasr (), is one of three remaining gates in the historic city wall of Cairo, the capital of Egypt. The gate's construction is dated to 1087 and was ordered by Badr al-Jamali, a Fatimid vizier. It is located at the northern end of ''Shari'a al-Gamaliya'' (al-Gamaliya Street) in the old city of Cairo and slightly east of another contemporary gate, Bab al-Futuh. History The original Bab al-Nasr was built south of the present one by Fatimid general Jawhar as-Siqilli during the reign of the Fatimid caliph al-Mu'izz, when the city was first laid out in 969. Later, the vizier Badr al-Jamali, under Caliph al-Mustansir, enlarged the city and rebuilt the walls in the late 11th century. He replaced the first gate with the present one, naming it Bab al-'Izz ('Gate of Prosperity'). Despite this, the inhabitants have shown preference to the original name meaning "Gate of Victory", which has remained in use to this day. An inscription on the gate dates its construction to the year 10 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bab Zuweila
Bab Zuwayla or Bab Zuweila () is one of three remaining gates in the city walls of historic Cairo in Egypt. It was also known as Bawabat al-Mitwali or Bab al-Mitwali. The gate was built in 1092 by the Fatimid vizier Badr al-Jamali. The two minaret towers on top of it were added between 1415 and 1422 as part of the construction of the adjacent Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad. Today it remains one of the major landmarks of Cairo. Name Its name comes from ''Bab'', meaning "gate", and ''Zuwayla'', a Berber tribe originally from the town of Zawila in the Fezzan. This name was given because Fatimid soldiers from this tribe were lodged in this area when the gate was first created during the Fatimid founding of Cairo in 969. In Coptic tradition, the name was associated with Biblical Zebulun (). The gate later acquired the popular name Bab al-Mitwalior Bawabbat al-Mitwali. According to art historian Caroline Williams, this name dates from the Ottoman period. According to historian Nairy Ha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gates Of Cairo
The fortifications of the historic city of Cairo, Egypt, include defensive walls and gates that were built, rebuilt, and expanded in different periods. The first set of walls were built during the foundation of Fatimid Cairo in the 10th century. These were rebuilt in the late 11th century on the orders of the Fatimid vizier Badr al-Jamali. In the 12th century, the Ayyubid sultan Salah ad-Din (Saladin) restored the walls and began a major extension to the south. He also began construction on the Citadel of Cairo, a military complex that would serve as the center of power in Egypt for centuries afterwards. Some sections of the historic walls are still preserved today, mainly on the north and east sides of the city, as well as much of the Citadel. Only three gates are fully preserved, all dating from the late 11th-century Fatimid reconstruction: Bab al-Nasr, Bab al-Futuh, and Bab Zuwayla. Some other gates have been partially recovered through archeological excavations, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Juyushi Mosque
The Juyushi Mosque () is a historic monument in Cairo, Egypt. The mosque is dated to 1085 CE, during reign of the Fatimid Caliphate, Fatimid Imam-Caliph al-Mustansir Billah. Its construction was sponsored by Badr al-Jamali, the vizier of al-Mustansir, who was ''Amir al-Juyush'' (). It is located on the Mokattam, Muqattam hills above the City of the Dead (Cairo), Southern Cemetery of Cairo. Historical background The building's construction is dated by an Arabic foundation inscription to 1085, during the Fatimid period and the reign of al-Mustansir Billah. The inscription identifies the structure as a ''Mazar (mausoleum), mashhad'' (), meaning a commemorative shrine or mausoleum. It is not clear whom the ''mashhad'' commemorates or what its exact function was. The most plausible theory is that the monument commemorates the victories of Badr al-Jamali, the powerful Fatimid Vizier (Fatimid Caliphate), vizier whose title, ''Amir al-Juyush'' ("Commander of the Armies"), is invoked in t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saint Barbara Church In Coptic Cairo
The Coptic Orthodox Church of St. Barbara ( or ''Sitt Barbara'') () is one of the many famous Coptic Orthodox parishes that can be found in the district of Coptic Cairo. The building is located on the eastern part of the Babylon Fortress and is one of the oldest buildings in Cairo, dating back to the 5th or 6th century AD.Tour Egypt ''The Church of Saint Barbara.'' Accessed August 25, 2008 However, like many other buildings of , it was rebuilt several times, most notably by the end of the 11th century.Ask Aladdin ''The Church of St. Barbar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lulua Mosque
The Lulua Mosque or al-Lu'lu'a Mosque () is a mosque in Cairo, Egypt, that was built in 1015–16 AD. It was constructed during the reign of the third Fatimid caliph, al-Hakim, in the Fatimid architectural style. The mosque was almost-fully collapsed in 1919, but was later refurbished in 1998 by the Dawoodi Bohras, who trace their religious lineage to the Fatimid Caliphate's Shia Islam. It is located in the southern cemetery in the Moqattam hills. Geography The mosque is located near the southern cemetery of the Muqattam Hills, a low range of hills to the east of Cairo. It has an average height of with the highest peak at above sea level. It is divided into three sections. The highest segment is a low mountain landform called Moqattam Mountain. It was an important ancient Egyptian quarry site for limestone, used in construction of mosques and churches. The Lulua Mosque was also built with this limestone. The mosque is close to this hill range. The mosque is about from t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
