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Tilocálar
Tilocálar is a group of volcanoes south of the Salar de Atacama, in Chile. It developed during the Pleistocene and consists of a small lava dome, two vents with numerous thick lava flows that reach lengths of several kilometres, and an explosion crater that was mistaken for an impact crater in the past. There are similar volcanoes nearby. Geography and geomorphology Tilocálar is located south of the Salar de Atacama, within the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes at an elevation of approximately . It is a group of small volcanoes: * The southern vent (Tilocálar Sur) is the larger. It produced six or four lava flows with a total volume of about . Pyroclastic deposits cover an area of , forming a roughly circular area where the lava flows were emplaced. It has three volcanic craters aligned on a graben and the lava flows probably emanated from a lava lake. * The northern vent of Tilocálar produced only one long flow, which covers an area of about and consists of three separ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cerro Tujle
Cerro Tujle (also known as Cerro Tucle or Cerro Tugle) is a mafic volcanic centre in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, Chile. It forms a maar that may have formed half a million years ago. Its eruption products are aphyric. Previously in 1977, this crater has been identified as a meteor crater with diameters of . The crater lies between the Salar de Atacama and the Western Cordillera at an elevation of on the Cordón de Tujle ridge, south-east of Peine. The crater is wide, elliptical and surrounded by volcanic deposits. The crater appears to have formed, after an initial lava flow eruption turned phreatomagmatic. It is embedded in the Tucúcaro Ignimbrite, which overlies an Ordovician basement and Paleozoic-Mesozoic volcanic and Neozoic mixed sediments. There are other volcanic systems in the vicinity, forming an extended area of monogenetic volcanoes. See also * Tilocálar Tilocálar is a group of volcanoes south of the Salar de Atacama, in Chile. It developed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcano
A volcano is commonly defined as a vent or fissure in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates are diverging or converging, and because most of Earth's plate boundaries are underwater, most volcanoes are found underwater. For example, a mid-ocean ridge, such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, has volcanoes caused by divergent tectonic plates whereas the Pacific Ring of Fire has volcanoes caused by convergent tectonic plates. Volcanoes resulting from divergent tectonic activity are usually non-explosive whereas those resulting from convergent tectonic activity cause violent eruptions."Mid-ocean ridge tectonics, volcanism and geomorphology." Geology 26, no. 455 (2001): 458. https://macdonald.faculty.geol.ucsb.edu/papers/Macdonald%20Mid-Ocean%20Ridge%20Tectonics.pdf Volcanoes can also form where there is str ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dike (geology)
In geology, a dike or dyke is a sheet of rock that is formed in a fracture of a pre-existing rock body. Dikes can be either magmatic or sedimentary in origin. Magmatic dikes form when magma flows into a crack then solidifies as a sheet intrusion, either cutting across layers of rock or through a contiguous mass of rock. Clastic dikes are formed when sediment fills a pre-existing crack.Essentials of Geology, 3rd Ed, Stephen Marshak Magmatic dikes A magmatic dike is a sheet of igneous rock that cuts across older rock beds. It is formed when magma fills a fracture in the older beds and then cools and solidifies. The dike rock is usually more resistant to weathering than the surrounding rock, so that erosion exposes the dike as a natural wall or ridge. It is from these natural walls that dikes get their name. Dikes preserve a record of the fissures through which most mafic magma (fluid magma low in silica) reaches the surface. They are studied by geologists for the clues they ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
El Tatio
El Tatio is a geothermal field with many geysers located in the Andes Mountains of northern Chile at above mean sea level. It is the third-largest geyser field in the world and the largest in the Southern Hemisphere. Various meanings have been proposed for the name "El Tatio", including "oven" or "grandfather". The geothermal field has many geysers, hot springs, and associated sinter deposits. The water from these hot springs eventually forms the Rio Salado, a major tributary of the Rio Loa, significantly increasing the amount of arsenic in the river. The geothermal vents are sites of populations of extremophile microorganisms such as hyperthermophiles, and El Tatio has been studied as an analogue for the early Earth and possible past life on Mars. El Tatio lies at the western foot of a series of stratovolcanoes which runs along the border between Chile and Bolivia. This series of volcanoes is part of the Central Volcanic Zone (one of several volcanic belts in the Andes), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Apacheta-Aguilucho Volcanic Complex
Apacheta-Aguilucho volcanic complex (also known as Cerro Pabellón) is a volcanic group, volcanic complex in Chile. It consists of two volcanoes Cerro Apacheta and Cerro Aguilucho, which are constructed mainly by lava flows and surrounded by outcrops of lava. A sector collapse and its landslide deposit are located on Apacheta's eastern flank. Two lava domes are associated with the volcanic complex, Chac-Inca and Pabellón. The volcanic complex was active from the Miocene to the Pleistocene, but ongoing fumarolic activity has been observed and a Geothermal activity, geothermal system is present. A geothermal power plant was being built in 2015 and became active in late 2017, with another unit coming into service in 2022. It is the first geothermal power plant in Chile. Geography and geomorphology The Apacheta-Aguilucho volcanic complex lies in northern Chile, close to the border with Bolivia. The city of Calama, Chile, Calama lies - southwest of Apacheta-Aguilucho and El Tatio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
