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Tidewater Glacier
The tidewater glacier cycle is the typically centuries-long behavior of tidewater glaciers that consists of recurring periods of advance alternating with rapid retreat and punctuated by periods of stability. During portions of its cycle, a tidewater glacier is relatively insensitive to climate change. Calving rate of tidewater glaciers While climate is the main factor affecting the behavior of all glaciers, additional factors affect calving (iceberg-producing) tidewater glaciers. These glaciers terminate abruptly at the ocean interface, with large pieces of the glacier fracturing and separating, or calving, from the ice front as icebergs. Climate change causes a shift in the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) of a glacier. This is the imaginary line on a glacier, above which snow accumulates faster than it ablates, and below which, the reverse is the case. This altitude shift, in turn, prompts a retreat or advance of the terminus toward a new steady-state position. However, this ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taku Icefield
Taku may refer to: Places North America * the Taku River, in Alaska and British Columbia ** Fort Taku, also known as Fort Durham and as Taku, a former fort of the Hudson's Bay Company near the mouth of the Taku River ** the Taku Glacier, in Alaska near Juneau ** Taku Towers, in Alaska, near Juneau ** Taku Harbor, in Alaska, near Juneau ** Taku Inlet, in Alaska ** the Taku Plateau, in British Columbia * Taku Arm of Tagish Lake in British Columbia ** Taku, British Columbia, a locality on Tagish Lake Asia * Taku Forts, forts on the south bank of the Hai He, in Tanggu District, Tianjin municipality, in northeastern China * Taku, Saga, a city in Saga prefecture on the island of Kyūshū, Japan * Taku, India, a town in India Oceania * Taku, Kiribati, a village in Kiribati. Peoples * The Taku people, an Alaska Native group, who are a ''kwaan'' or tribe of the Tlingit *Taku River Tlingit First Nation, government in British Columbia People Surname * Moses Taku, a rabbi, 13th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shoal
In oceanography, geomorphology, and Earth science, geoscience, a shoal is a natural submerged ridge, bank (geography), bank, or bar that consists of, or is covered by, sand or other unconsolidated material, and rises from the bed of a body of water close to the surface or above it, which poses a danger to navigation. Shoals are also known as sandbanks, sandbars, or gravelbars. Two or more shoals that are either separated by shared crest and trough, troughs or interconnected by past or present sedimentary and hydrographic processes are referred to as a shoal complex.Neuendorf, K.K.E., J.P. Mehl Jr., and J.A. Jackson, eds. (2005) ''Glossary of Geology'' (5th ed.). Alexandria, Virginia, American Geological Institute. 779 pp. The term ''shoal'' is also used in a number of ways that can be either similar to, or quite different from, how it is used in geologic, geomorphic, and oceanographic literature. Sometimes, the term refers to either any relatively shallow place in a stream ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. Chile had a population of 17.5 million as of the latest census in 2017 and has a territorial area of , sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. The country also controls several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández Islands, Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas Islands, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city of Chile is Santiago, and the national language is Spanish language, Spanish. Conquest of Chile, Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Incas in Central Chile, Inca rule; however, they Arauco War ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
San Rafael Glacier
The San Rafael Glacier is one of the major outlet glaciers of the Northern Patagonian Ice Field in southern Chile and is the tidewater glacier nearest the equator. It calves into the Laguna San Rafael and is contained within Laguna San Rafael National Park. See also *List of glaciers References External links Patagonian ice in rapid retreatBBC News OnlineSpace Radar Image of San Rafael Glacier, ChileNASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ... Visible Earth Glaciers of Aysén Region {{chile-glacier-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alaskan Pipeline
The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) is an oil transportation system spanning Alaska, including the trans-Alaska Petroleum, crude-oil Pipeline transport, pipeline, 12 Pumping station, pump stations, several hundred miles of feeder pipelines, and the Valdez Marine Terminal. TAPS is one of the world's largest pipeline systems. The core pipeline itself, which is commonly called the Alaska pipeline, trans-Alaska pipeline, or Alyeska pipeline, (or the pipeline as referred to by Alaskan residents), is an long, diameter pipeline that conveys oil from Prudhoe Bay, on Alaska's Alaska North Slope, North Slope, south to Valdez, Alaska, Valdez, on the shores of Prince William Sound in southcentral Alaska. The crude oil pipeline is privately owned by the Alyeska Pipeline Service Company. Oil was first discovered in Prudhoe Bay in 1968 and the 800 miles of 48" steel pipe was ordered from Japan in 1969 (U.S. steel manufacturers did not have the capacity at that time). However, constructi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Valdez, Alaska
Valdez ( ; Alutiiq language, Alutiiq: ) is a city in the Chugach Census Area, Alaska, Chugach Census Area in the U.S. state of Alaska. In 2020, the population of Valdez was 3,985, up slightly from 3,976 in 2010. It is the List of cities in Alaska, third most populated city in Alaska's Unorganized Borough, Alaska, Unorganized Borough. Valdez was named in 1790 after the Spanish Navy Minister Antonio Valdés y Fernández Bazán. A former Gold Rush town, it is located at the head of Port Valdez on the eastern side of Prince William Sound. Valdez was incorporated in 1901, and flourished after the road link to Fairbanks, Alaska, Fairbanks was constructed in 1910. It suffered catastrophic damage during the 1964 Alaska earthquake, and is located near the site of the disastrous 1989 ''Exxon Valdez'' Exxon Valdez oil spill, oil tanker spill. Today, it is one of the most important ports in Alaska, a commercial fishing port as well as a freight terminal. Valdez is the terminus for the Trans- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Columbia Glacier (Alaska)
__NOTOC__ The Columbia Glacier, a glacier in Prince William Sound on the south coast of the U.S. state of Alaska, is one of the fastest moving glaciers in the world, and has been retreating since the early 1980s. It was named after Columbia University, one of several glaciers in the area named for elite U.S. colleges by the Harriman Alaska Expedition in 1899. The head of the main branch of the glacier originates at the saddle between Mount Witherspoon and Mount Einstein. The Alaska Marine Highway System, Alaska Marine Highway vessel M/V Columbia, M/V ''Columbia'' is named after the Columbia Glacier. Size The glacier twists its way through western Alaska's Chugach Mountains. The bald streak at the bottom of the mountains, called the trimline, shows this glacier has lost of thickness. It has also retreated since that measurement was taken. Retreat The glacier's speed of retreat at the terminus reached a maximum of nearly per day in 2001, when it was discharging icebergs at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States Geological Survey
The United States Geological Survey (USGS), founded as the Geological Survey, is an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology, geography, geology, and hydrology. The agency was founded on March 3, 1879, to study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural hazards that threaten it. The agency also makes maps of planets and moons, based on data from U.S. space probes. The sole scientific agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior, USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility. It is headquartered in Reston, Virginia, with major offices near Lakewood, Colorado; at the Denver Federal Center; and in NASA Research Park in California. In 2009, it employed about 8,670 people. The current motto of the USGS, in use since August 1997, is "science for a changing world". The agency's previous slogan, adopted on its hundredth anniversary, was "Earth Science in the Pub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baird Glacier
Baird may refer to: Places United States * Baird, Mississippi, an unincorporated community * Baird, Missouri, an unincorporated community * Baird, Texas, a city * Baird, Washington, a community * Baird Mountains, Alaska * Baird Inlet, Alaska Elsewhere * Baird, Hastings, a local government ward in the county of East Sussex, England * Baird Island, Queensland, Australia * Baird Peninsula, Nunavut, Canada People * Baird (surname) * Baird (given name) Historic American buildings * Baird Cottage, Harrietstown, New York * Baird Hardware Company Warehouse, Gainesville, Florida, also known as the Baird Center *Baird House (other), two houses * Baird Law Office, Green Bay, Wisconsin *Baird's Tavern, in the town of Warwick, New York Brands and organizations * Baird Ornithological Club, in Reading, Pennsylvania, founded in 1921 * Robert W. Baird & Co., a financial services company *A brand of television sold by BrightHouse Other * Baird baronets, five titles, three in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brady Glacier
Brady Glacier is a long glacier located in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins at and trends south to Taylor Bay, 46 miles (74 km) northwest of Hoonah. It was named by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey for missionary and later governor Rev. Mr Brady O'Keefe. When George Vancouver first set eyes on the Brady Glacier in 1794, it was a calving tidewater glacier that dumped ice into the Taylor Bay. The following century, the glacier advanced eight kilometers. This advance was taken by Bengston (1962) as a sign of the glacier changing from a tidal to non-tidal one. Bengston also stated that the huge outwash plain at the glacier's terminus allows it to preserve itself even as most glaciers in the region retreated. The Brady Glacier has an ELA (the line above which snow remains even after summer's end) of only 800 meters, one of the lowest in Alaska. See also * List of glaciers A glacier ( ) or () is a persistent body of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hubbard Glacier
__NOTOC__ Hubbard Glacier ( Lingít: ''Sít' Tlein'') is a glacier located in Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve in eastern Alaska and Kluane National Park and Reserve in Yukon, Canada, and named after Gardiner Hubbard. Geography The longest source for Hubbard Glacier originates from its snout and is located at about , approximately west of Mount Walsh with an elevation around . A shorter tributary glacier begins at the easternmost summit on the Mount Logan ridge at about at about . Before it reaches the sea, Hubbard is joined by the Valerie Glacier to the west, which, through forward surges of its own ice, has contributed to the advance of the ice flow that experts believe will eventually dam the Russell Fjord from Disenchantment Bay waters. The Hubbard Glacier ice margin has continued to advance for about a century. In May 1986, the Hubbard Glacier surged forward, blocking the outlet of Russell Fjord and creating Russell Lake. All that summer, the n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
