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The Left Faction (Bundestag)
The Left Party parliamentary group in the Bundestag (short Linksfraktion, own spelling ''Fraktion DIE LINKE. im Bundestag'') is the parliamentary group of the party Die Linke in the Bundestag. It existed from 2005 to 2023, but was dissolved in 2023 following the Bundnis Sahra Wagenknecht split. After the 2025 election, the faction was formed again. History The Left parliamentary group was constituted on 23 September 2005. Before the merger of Labour and Social Justice (WASG) and the Party of Democratic Socialism(PDS) to form ''Die Linke'' on 16 June 2007, the Left parliamentary group was the joint parliamentary group of independent members of the German Bundestag and members of the two source parties in the German Bundestag. The parliamentary group chairmanship was initially shared by Gregor Gysi and Oskar Lafontaine. After the 2009 German federal election, Gysi was elected the sole chairman due to Lafontaine's withdrawal due to illness. After Gysi decided not to run for par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heidi Reichinnek
Heidi Reichinnek (; born 19 April 1988) is a German politician and Member of the German Bundestag, Member of the Bundestag for the left-wing party Die Linke. Since 2024, she has been serving as the Leader of Die Linke in the Bundestag, alongside Sören Pellmann. Biography Reichinnek became interested in politics as a teenager, opposing the Hartz IV, Hartz reforms and supporting women's equality and social welfare. At university, she spent a semester abroad in Cairo in the midst of the Arab Spring and witnessed the 2011 Egyptian revolution, Egyptian revolution, which furthered her interest in politics. Reichinnek joined Die Linke (The Left) in 2015 and was elected to the city council of Osnabrück the following year. She ran in the 2017 Lower Saxony state election, and placed seventh on the party list, but was not elected. In 2019, she became chairwoman of The Left's Lower Saxony branch. She contested the List of Bundestag constituencies, constituency of Osnabrück City in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dietmar Bartsch
Dietmar Gerhard Bartsch (born 31 March 1958) is a German politician who has served as co-chair of The Left (Germany), The Left parliamentary group in the Bundestag since 2015. Prior, he served as federal treasurer of The Left from 2006 to 2009 and federal managing officer from 2005 to 2010. He was a prominent member of The Left's predecessor party, the Party of Democratic Socialism (Germany), PDS, of which he served as treasurer from 1991 to 1997 and federal managing officer from 1997 to 2002. He has been a member of the Bundestag since 2005, and previously served from 1998 to 2002. In his capacity as Bundestag co-leader, he served with Sahra Wagenknecht from 2015 to 2019, and with Amira Mohamed Ali since 2019. Bartsch has served as federal co-lead candidate for his party on three occasions: 2002 German federal election, 2002, 2017 German federal election, 2017, and 2021 German federal election, 2021. Early life and education Bartsch was born and raised in Stralsund, East Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance
The Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance – Reason and Justice ( , BSW) is a List of political parties in Germany, political party in Germany founded on 8 January 2024. It has been described as a Left-wing politics, left-wing to Far-left politics, far-left party with Left-wing populism, populist and Left-wing nationalism, nationalist tendencies. The BSW is sceptical of green politics, criticises support for Ukraine in the Russo-Ukrainian War, and holds Euroscepticism, Eurosceptic and anti-American views on foreign policy. The party is considered "left-conservative" or "left-authoritarian", as it combines economically Socialism, socialist values with cultural conservatism and social conservatism on social issues. The party originated as a split from the party The Left (Germany), The Left (''Die Linke''). In September 2023, Sahra Wagenknecht, Amira Mohamed Ali, Christian Leye, Lukas Schön, and several other long time Left party members announced their intention to form a new party. It was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Second Vote
In Germany, the second vote ( ''German'': ''Zweitstimme'') is generally the decisive vote for the allocation of seats to the political parties. With it, the voter chooses a party whose candidates are put together on a state list. In addition to the second vote, the voter can cast a first vote ( ''German'': ''Erststimme''), with which he or she votes for a candidate in the constituency. The validity of the second vote remains unaffected by any invalidity of the first voteSection 39of the Federal Election Law). In some German state electoral systems, the vote corresponding to the second vote is called the list vote (Saxony) or the state vote (Thuringia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Hesse). It has been proposed that the second vote in the federal election be renamed the list vote. Background The two-vote system has existed in Germany since 1953. The change to personalized proportional representation with first and second votes took place together with the introduction of the nationwide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parliamentary Group (Germany)
A parliamentary group ( ''German'': Gruppe) in Germany is an association of several members of a parliament, especially in the Bundestag, whose number does not reach the minimum size of a fraktion. The rights of a group are usually limited compared to a parliamentary group, but the group has more rights than an . Until March 2025, there were two groups in the German Bundestag, the Die Linke group with 28 members and the BSW group with ten members. Until 2024 there were two groups in the German state parliaments, the FDP group in Thuringia and the BVB/FW group in Brandenburg. In Italy they are known as ''Gruppo.'' Description The minimum number of MPs required to form a group and the rights of the group are regulated differently in each legislature. The legal provisions can be found in the respective rules of procedure of the respective parliament or in a separate parliamentary group law. Legislators who do not reach the size of a parliamentary group can join to form a group ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2021 German Federal Election
The 2021 German federal election was held in Germany on 26 September 2021 to elect the members of the 20th Bundestag. State elections in Berlin and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern were also held. Incumbent chancellor Angela Merkel, first elected in 2005, chose not to run again, marking the first time that an incumbent Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany did not seek re-election. With 25.7% of total votes, the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) recorded their best result since 2005, and emerged as the largest party for the first time since 2002. The ruling CDU/CSU, which had led a grand coalition with the SPD since 2013, recorded their worst ever result with 24.1%, a significant decline from 32.9% in 2017. Alliance 90/The Greens achieved their best result in history at 14.7%, while the Free Democratic Party (FDP) made small gains and finished on 11.4%. The Alternative for Germany (AfD) fell from third to fifth place with 10.4%, a decline of 2.3 percentage points. The Le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unofficial Collaborator
An unofficial collaborator or IM (; both from German ''inoffizieller Mitarbeiter''), or euphemistically informal collaborator (''informeller Mitarbeiter''), was an informant in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) who delivered private information to the Ministry for State Security (MfS / Stasi). At the end of the East German government, there was a network of around 189,000 informants, working at every level of society. Ilko-Sascha Kowalczuk: ''Stasi konkret. Überwachung und Repression in der DDR.'' Beck, München 2013, History Before 1968 the term "Secret Informer" (''"Geheimer Informator"'') was used. The network of secret informers, commonly known in German sources by the initials IM, was one of the most important instruments of repression and also one of the most critical pillars of power supporting the one-party state that ran East Germany. The terms "Informal Collaborator" ''"Inoffizieller Mitarbeiter"'' and, before 1968, "Secret Informer" (''"Geheimer In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stasi
The Ministry for State Security (, ; abbreviated MfS), commonly known as the (, an abbreviation of ), was the Intelligence agency, state security service and secret police of East Germany from 1950 to 1990. It was one of the most repressive police organisations in the world, infiltrating almost every aspect of life in East Germany, using torture, intimidation and a vast network of informants to crush dissent. The function of the Stasi in East Germany (the GDR) resembled that of the KGB in the Soviet Union, in that it served to maintain state authority and the position of the ruling party, in this case the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED). This was accomplished primarily through the use of a network of civilian informants (called Unofficial collaborator, unofficial collaborators) who contributed to the arrest of approximately 250,000 people in East Germany. It also had a large elite paramilitary force, the Felix Dzerzhinsky Guards Regiment, that served as its armed wing. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Die Welt
(, ) is a German national daily newspaper, published as a broadsheet by Axel Springer SE. is the flagship newspaper of the Axel Springer publishing group and it is considered a newspaper of record in Germany. Its leading competitors are the , the ''Süddeutsche Zeitung'' and the '' Frankfurter Rundschau''. The modern paper takes a self-described "liberal cosmopolitan" position in editing, but it is generally considered to be conservative."The World from Berlin" '''', 28 December 2009. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2009 Kunduz Airstrike
The 2009 Kunduz airstrike took place on Friday 4 September 2009 at roughly 2:30 am local time, southwest of Kunduz City, Kunduz province in northern Afghanistan. Responding to a call by German forces, an American F-15E fighter jet struck two fuel tankers, killing over 100 civilians in the attack. Because of the high civilian death toll, the airstrike had political repercussions, especially in Germany. In June 2010 Germany announced it would pay $5,000 to each of the families of over 100 civilian victims, as an ''ex gratia'' payment without admitting liability. The former Afghan Commerce Minister Amin Farhang described the $5,000—equivalent to about 20,000 Afghanis—as a "laughable" sum. Earlier, in February 2010, Germany had reclassified the Afghanistan deployment as an "armed conflict within the parameters of international law", allowing German forces to act without risk of prosecution under German law. Stolen tankers Kunduz province, the site of the airstrike ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norbert Lammert
Norbert Lammert (born 16 November 1948) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He served as the 12th president of the Bundestag from 2005 to 2017. Early life and education The son of a baker, Lammert attended gymnasium in Bochum where he studied classics. He obtained his abitur in 1967. He carried out military service in the Bundeswehr from 1967 to 1969. Following his military service he went on to the Ruhr University Bochum, which included a period abroad at the University of Oxford, where he studied political science and modern history. He went on and obtained his doctorate ( Dr. rer. soc.) from the Ruhr University Bochum in 1975. Political career Having joined the CDU in 1966, he was deputy chairman of the Bochum branch of the CDU. From 1978–1984, he was deputy leader of a part (Westfalen-Lippe) of the North Rhine-Westphalian branch of the Junge Union, the CDU youth organization. In the 1980 national elections, he was elected to the Bundestag a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of The Bundestag
The president of the Bundestag ( or ; Grammatical gender in German#Professions, when the office is held by a man) presides over the sessions of the Bundestag, the federal parliament of Germany, with functions similar to that of a speaker (politics), speaker in other countries. In the German order of precedence, the office is ranked second after the President of Germany, president and before the Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic), chancellor. The current office-holder is Julia Klöckner (Christian Democratic Union of Germany, CDU), who was elected during the first session of the 21st Bundestag on 25 March 2025. Election and customs The president of the Bundestag is elected during the constituent session of each election period after the Elections in Germany, federal elections or in a later session, if the office has fallen vacant, by all members of the Bundestag. The president has to be a member of the Bundestag. Until the election of the president, the session is chair ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
