|
Taman Languages
The Taman or Tamaic languages form a putative branch of the Eastern Sudanic language family spoken in Chad and Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi ..., though ''Glottolog'' notes that "no conclusive, methodologically sound basis for assigning Tama to Eastern Sudanic" has been presented. The languages are: *Tama ** Mararit (Ibiri, Abu Charib) ** *** Miisiirii ***Tama–Sungor **** Sungor (Assangori, incl. Erenga) **** Tama (Damut) Claude Rilly (2010)Rilly, Claude. 2010. ''Le méroïtique et sa famille linguistique''. Leuven: Peeters Publishers. includes reconstructions for Proto-Taman. See also * List of Northern Eastern Sudanic reconstructions (Wiktionary) References Language families Northern Eastern Sudanic languages {{Ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chad
Chad, officially the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North Africa, North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to Chad–Libya border, the north, Sudan to Chad–Sudan border, the east, the Central African Republic to Central African Republic–Chad border, the south, Cameroon to Cameroon–Chad border, the southwest, Nigeria to Chad–Nigeria border, the southwest (at Lake Chad), and Niger to Chad–Niger border, the west. Chad has a population of 19 million, of which 1.6 million live in the Capital city, capital and largest city of N'Djamena. With a total area of around , Chad is the fifth-largest country in Africa and the List of countries and dependencies by area, twentieth largest nation by area. Chad has several regions: the Sahara desert in the north, an arid zone in the centre known as the Sahel, and a more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the country is named, is the second-largest wetl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sudan
Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the southeast, and South Sudan to the south. Sudan has a population of 50 million people as of 2024 and occupies 1,886,068 square kilometres (728,215 square miles), making it Africa's List of African countries by area, third-largest country by area and the third-largest by area in the Arab League. It was the largest country by area in Africa and the Arab League until the 2011 South Sudanese independence referendum, secession of South Sudan in 2011; since then both titles have been held by Algeria. Sudan's capital and most populous city is Khartoum. The area that is now Sudan witnessed the Khormusan ( 40000–16000 BC), Halfan culture ( 20500–17000 BC), Sebilian ( 13000–10000 BC), Qadan culture ( 15000–5000 BC), the war of Jebel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eastern Sudanic Languages
In most classifications, the Eastern Sudanic languages are a group of nine families of languages that may constitute a branch of the Nilo-Saharan languages, Nilo-Saharan language family. Eastern Sudanic languages are spoken from southern Egypt to northern Tanzania. Old Nubian language, Nubian (and possibly Meroitic language, Meroitic) gives Eastern Sudanic some of the earliest written attestations of African languages. However, the largest branch by far is Nilotic languages, Nilotic, spread by extensive and comparatively recent conquests throughout East Africa. Before the spread of Nilotic, Eastern Sudanic was centered in present-day Sudan. The name "East Sudanic" refers to the eastern part of the Sudan (region), region of Sudan where the country of Sudan is located, and contrasts with Central Sudanic languages, Central Sudanic and Western Sudanic (modern Mande languages, Mande, in the Niger–Congo languages, Niger–Congo family). Lionel Bender (linguist), Lionel Bender (1980) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Northern Eastern Sudanic Languages
The Northern Eastern Sudanic, Eastern ''k'' Sudanic, ''Ek'' Sudanic, NNT or Astaboran languages may form a primary division of the proposed Eastern Sudanic family. They are characterised by having a / k/ in the first person singular pronoun "I/me", as opposed to the Southern Eastern Sudanic languages, which have an / n/. Nyima has yet to be conclusively linked to the other languages, and would appear to be the closest relative of ''Ek'' Sudanic rather than ''Ek'' Sudanic proper. The most well-known language of this group is Nubian. According to Claude Rilly, the ancient Meroitic language appears on limited evidence to be closely related to the languages of this group. A reconstruction of Proto-Northern Eastern Sudanic has also been proposed by Rilly (2010). Internal classification Rilly (2009:2) provides the following internal structure for the Northern Eastern Sudanic languages. *Northern East Sudanic ** Nyima: Nyimang, Afitti ** Taman: Tama, Mararit **Nara-Nubian ***Nar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Darfur Linguistic Map
Darfur ( ; ) is a region of western Sudan. ''Dār'' is an Arabic word meaning "home f – the region was named Dardaju () while ruled by the Daju, who migrated from Meroë , and it was renamed Dartunjur () when the Tunjur ruled the area. Darfur was an independent sultanate for several hundred years until 1874, when it fell to the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. The region was later invaded and incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916. Richard Cockett Sudan: Darfur and the failure of an African state. 2010. Hobbs the Printers Ltd., Totten, Hampshire. As an administrative region, Darfur is divided into five federal states: Central Darfur, East Darfur, North Darfur, South Darfur and West Darfur. Because of the War in Darfur between Sudanese government forces and the indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency and genocide since 2003. The factors include religious and ethnic rivalry, and the rivalry between farmers a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glottolog
''Glottolog'' is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials ( grammars, articles, dictionaries) describing individual languages, the database also contains the most up-to-date language affiliations based on the work of expert linguists. Glottolog was first developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and between 2015 and 2020 at the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology in Jena, Germany. Its main curators include Harald Hammarström and Martin Haspelmath. Overview Sebastian Nordhoff and Harald Hammarström established the Glottolog/Langdoc project in 2011. The creation of ''Glottolog'' was partly motivated by the lack of a comprehensive language bibliography, especially in ''Ethnologue''. Glottolog provides a catalogue of the world's languages and language families and a bibliography on individual languages. It differs from ''Ethnologue ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mararit Language
The Mararit language is a Taman language of the Eastern Sudanic branch spoken in eastern Chad and western Sudan Sudan, officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in Northeast Africa. It borders the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, Libya to the northwest, Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the east, Eritrea and Ethiopi .... There are two dialects, Ibiri and Abou Charib, which Blench (2006) counts as distinct languages. The majority speak the Abou Charib dialect. Mararit is reportedly not mutually intelligible with Tama and Sungor despite being part of the same Taman language group. Mararit people live in Argid Mararit, Abid Mararit, Wadah area, Donkey Kuma, Sani Kiro, in North Darfur State; in Silala area in South Darfur State and in Gienena province in West Darfur State. The Talgai, Mirakawi, Wilkawi, and Tirgawi are tribes of the Mararit people. Dialects There are three dialects according to Rilly (2010:175):Rilly, Claude. 2010. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miisiirii Language
Miisiirii (also called Mileri or Jabal) is a language of western Sudan and Chad, spoken by the Mileri community of Jebel Mun (Jebel Moon) in Darfur who claim a dubious Messiria The Messiria (), also known as Misseriya Arabs, are a branch of the Baggara ethnic grouping of Arab tribes.Adam, Biraima M. (2012)''Baggara of Sudan: Culture and Environment'' Amazon online Books. Their language is primarily Sudanese Arabic, wh ... Arab descent,Edgard, John. 1989. ''Masalit Grammar: With Notes on other languages of Darfur and Wadai''. Dietrich Reimer. they also have a few speakers scattered in Chad. Rilly, Claude. 2010. ''Le méroïtique et sa famille linguistique''. Leuven: Peeters Publishers. Milerinkiya belongs to the Taman language family. It is often considered a dialect of Tama, though it is not particularly close. References Taman languages Languages of Chad Languages of Sudan {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sungor Language
Sungor (also ''Assangorior, Assangor, Assangori'', ''Songor, Asongor'') is an Eastern Sudanic language of eastern Chad and western Sudan and a member of the Taman branch. It is closely related to Tama with some researchers speaking of a Tama-Assangori continuum. Sungor is spoken in an area located to the south of Biltine and to the north of Adré ( Ouaddaï) in Chad, as well as in Darfur in Sudan.Rilly, Claude. 2010. ''Le méroïtique et sa famille linguistique''. Leuven: Peeters Publishers. It is spoken by the Sungor people, of which a majority are Muslim. The number of speakers was estimated at 23,500 according to the 1993 census of Chad. Phonology So far, Sungor phonology is not well attested in literature and research. Vowels Sungor is most likely a tonal language with a high and low tone, e.g. 'worm' ''dút'' and 'big' ''dùt''. It has seven vowels and height assimilations. Examples for height assimilation include plural suffixes ''-u,-uk,'' and -''uɲ'' which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tama Language
Tama, or Tamongobo, is the primary language spoken by the Tama people in Ouaddai Region, Ouaddai, eastern Chad and in Darfur, western Sudan. It is a Taman languages, Taman language which belongs to the Eastern Sudanic languages, Eastern Sudanic branch of the Nilo-Saharan languages, Nilo-Saharan language family. Miisiirii language, Miisiirii is often considered a dialect, though it is not particularly close. Demographics Tama is spoken by 63,000 people in Dar Tama, a well irrigated area near Guéréda that extends from Kebkebiya village to nearby Sudan. There are two nearly identical dialects, one spoken in the northern and central areas, and another one spoken in the south. Phonology Consonants Vowels Vowel length is also distinctive. References External links Tama basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database Taman languages Languages of Chad Languages of Sudan {{ns-lang-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
