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Talaromyces Islandicus
''Penicillium islandicum'' is an anamorph species of the genus of ''Penicillium'' which produces luteoskyrin Luteoskyrin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin with the molecular formula C30H22O12 which is produced by the mold ''Penicillium islandicum''. Luteoskyrin has strong cytotoxic effects. Luteoskyrin can cause the yellow rice disease Yellow is the ..., simatoxin, cyclochlorotine, rugulosin, islanditoxin and chitosanase. Further reading * * * * * * * * * References {{Taxonbar, from=Q10622959 islandicum Fungi described in 1912 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anamorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the Biological life cycle, life cycles of fungi in the Phylum, phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota: *Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a Ascocarp, fruiting body. *Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often Mold (fungus), mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs. *Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph. Dual naming of fungi Fungus, Fungi are classified primarily based on the structures associated with sexual reproduction, which tend to be evolutionarily conserved. However, many fungi reproduce only asexually, and cannot easily be classified based on sexual characteristics; some produce both asexual and sexual states. These problematic species are often members of the Ascomycota, but a few of them belong to the Basidiomycota. Even among fungi that reproduce both sexual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Penicillium
''Penicillium'' () is a genus of ascomycetous fungi that is part of the mycobiome of many species and is of major importance in the natural environment, in food spoilage, and in food and drug production. Some members of the genus produce penicillin, a molecule that is used as an antibiotic, which kills or stops the growth of certain kinds of bacteria. Other species are used in cheesemaking. According to the ''Dictionary of the Fungi'' (10th edition, 2008), the widespread genus contains over 300 species. Taxonomy The genus was first described in the scientific literature by Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link in his 1809 work ''Observationes in ordines plantarum naturales''; he wrote, "''Penicillium. Thallus e floccis caespitosis septatis simplicibus aut ramosis fertilibus erectis apice penicillatis''", where ''penicillatis'' means "having tufts of fine hair". Link included three species—'' P. candidum'', '' P. expansum'', and '' P. glaucum''—all of which pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luteoskyrin
Luteoskyrin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin with the molecular formula C30H22O12 which is produced by the mold ''Penicillium islandicum''. Luteoskyrin has strong cytotoxic effects. Luteoskyrin can cause the yellow rice disease Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of light. It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 575585 nm. It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing. In the RG .... References Further reading * * * * Mycotoxins Polycyclic organic compounds {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyclochlorotine
Cyclochlorotine (CC), also known as islanditoxin is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus ''Penicillium islandicum'' that causes liver damage and has carcinogenic properties. Japanese researchers confirmed that it was one of three strains of ''Penicillin'' fungi responsible for yellowed rice. It is listed as an IARC Group 3 carcinogen. Chemically, it is a dichlorinated cyclic peptide. Structurally, the only thing that differentiates cyclochlorotine from the plant-derived astins of ''Aster tataricus'', is replacement of a serine Serine (symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α- amino group (which is in the protonated − form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated − for ... with a second 2-aminobutyrate. Cyclochlorotine are one of the toxins usually found in foods in the grains group like rice , wheat, soybeans, peanuts , beans, bread and flour etc. Such foods serve as mediu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rugulosin
Rugulosin is an anthraquinoid mycotoxin with the molecular formula C30H22O10 which is produced by ''Penicillium'' species. Rugulosin is hepatotoxic Hepatotoxicity (from ''hepatic toxicity'') implies chemical-driven liver damage. Drug-induced liver injury is a cause of acute and chronic liver disease caused specifically by medications and the most common reason for a drug to be withdrawn f ... and is cancerogenic. References Further reading * * * * * * * * Mycotoxins {{organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islanditoxin
Cyclochlorotine (CC), also known as islanditoxin is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus ''Penicillium islandicum'' that causes liver damage and has carcinogenic properties. Japanese researchers confirmed that it was one of three strains of ''Penicillin'' fungi responsible for yellowed rice. It is listed as an IARC Group 3 carcinogen. Chemically, it is a dichlorinated cyclic peptide. Structurally, the only thing that differentiates cyclochlorotine from the plant-derived astins of ''Aster tataricus'', is replacement of a serine Serine (symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α- amino group (which is in the protonated − form under biological conditions), a carboxyl group (which is in the deprotonated − for ... with a second 2-aminobutyrate. Cyclochlorotine are one of the toxins usually found in foods in the grains group like rice , wheat, soybeans, peanuts , beans, bread and flour etc. Such foods serve as mediu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chitosanase
Chitosanase () is an enzyme with systematic name ''chitosan N-acetylglucosaminohydrolase''. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction : Endohydrolysis of beta-(1->4)-linkages between D-glucosamine residues in a partly acetylated chitosan Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine (deacetylated unit) and ''N''-acetyl-D-glucosamine (acetylated unit). It is made by treating the chitin shells of shrimp and other crustacean ... A whole spectrum of chitosanases are known. References External links * {{Portal bar, Biology, border=no EC 3.2.1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
