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Tabinshwehti
Tabinshwehti (, ; 16 April 1516 – 30 April 1550) was King of Burma from 1530 to 1550, and the founder of the First Toungoo Empire. His military campaigns (1534–1549) created the largest kingdom in Burma since the fall of the Pagan Empire in 1287. His administratively fragile kingdom proved to be the impetus for the eventual reunification of the entire country by his successor and brother-in-law Bayinnaung. Based out of their small landlocked principality in the Sittaung valley, Tabinshwehti and his deputy Bayinnaung began their military campaigns in 1534 against the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and had conquered the wealthier but disunited kingdom by 1541. He then leveraged the coastal kingdom's wealth, manpower and access to Portuguese mercenaries and firearms, and extended his rule to the ancient capital of Pagan (Bagan) in 1544. However, his attempts to build an East-West empire fell short in Arakan (1545–1547) and in Siam (1547–1549). He actively courted the support ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Burmese–Siamese War (1547–1549)
The Burmese–Siamese War (1547–1549) (; ), also known as the Shwehti war () was the first war fought between the Toungoo dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Thailand, Siam, and the first of the Burmese–Siamese wars that would continue until the middle of the 19th century. The war is notable for the introduction of early modern warfare to the region. It is also notable in history of Thailand, Thai history for the death in battle of Siamese Sri Suriyothai, Queen Suriyothai on her war elephant; the conflict is often referred to in Thailand as the War that Led to the Loss of Queen Suriyothai (). The casus belli have been stated as a Burmese attempt to expand their territory eastwards after a political crisis in Ayutthaya as well as an attempt to stop Siamese incursions into the upper Tenasserim coast. The war, according to the Burmese, began in January 1547 when Siamese forces conquered the frontier town of Dawei, Tavoy (Dawei). Later in the year, the Royal Burmese Ar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayinnaung
, title = King of Toungoo , image = Bayinnaung.JPG , caption = Statue of Bayinnaung in front of the National Museum of Myanmar , reign = 30 April 1550 – 10 October 1581 , coronation = 11 January 1551 at Taungoo, Toungoo 12 January 1554 at Bago, Myanmar, Pegu , succession = , predecessor = Tabinshwehti , successor = Nanda Bayin , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = Chief Minister , regent = Binnya Dala (minister-general), Binnya Dala (1559–1573) , succession1 = List of rulers of Lan Na, Suzerain of Lan Na , reign1 = 2 April 1558 – 10 October 1581 , predecessor1 = ''New office'' , successor1 = Nanda Bayin , reg-type1 = King , regent1 = Mekuti (1558–1563) Wisutthithewi, Visuddhadevi (1565–1579) Nawrahta Minsaw (1579–1581) , succession2 = List of Thai monarchs, Suzerain of Siam , reign2 = 18 February 1564 – 10 October 1581 , predecessor2 = ''New office'' , successor2 = Nanda B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toungoo–Mrauk-U War (1545–1547)
The Toungoo–Mrauk-U War () was a military conflict that took place in Arakan (present-day Rakhine State of Myanmar) from 1545 to 1547 between the Toungoo Dynasty and the Kingdom of Mrauk U. The western kingdom successfully fended off the Toungoo invasions, and kept its independence. The war had a deterrence effect: Mrauk U would not see another Toungoo invasion until 1580. The war's origins can be traced back to 1542 when King Min Bin of Mrauk U provided military support on the side of the Kingdom of Ava in the Toungoo–Ava War (1538–45). Although Min Bin left the alliance in the same year, King Tabinshwehti of Toungoo was determined to repay the favor. In 1545, Tabinshwehti agreed to aid Min Aung Hla, the former Viceroy of Thandwe, who had been removed from office by Min Bin. In October 1545, Tabinshwehti sent a 4000-strong army but it was promptly driven back. A much larger naval and land forces (combined 19,000 troops) of Toungoo tried again in the following dry seas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toungoo–Ava War (1538–45)
The Toungoo–Ava War (1538–1545) () was a military conflict that took place in present-day Lower and Central Burma (Myanmar) between the Toungoo Dynasty, and the Ava-led Confederation of Shan States, Hanthawaddy Pegu, and Arakan (Mrauk-U). Toungoo's decisive victory gave the upstart kingdom control of all of central Burma, and cemented its emergence as the largest polity in Burma since the fall of Pagan Empire in 1287.Aung-Thwin and Aung-Thwin 2012: 130–132Lieberman 2003: 151 The war began in 1538 when Ava, through its vassal Prome, threw its support behind Pegu in the four-year-old war between Toungoo and Pegu. After its troops broke the siege of Prome in 1539, Ava got its Confederation allies agreed to prepare for war, and formed an alliance with Arakan. But the loose alliance crucially failed to open a second front during the seven dry-season months of 1540–41 when Toungoo was struggling to conquer Martaban (Mottama). The allies were initially unprepared when Toung ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Toungoo Empire
The First Toungoo Empire (, , lit. "Toungoo Period"; also known as the Second Burmese Empire in traditional historiography, or simply the Taungoo dynasty) was the dominant power in mainland Southeast Asia in the second half of the 16th century. At its peak, Toungoo "exercised suzerainty from present-day Assam, Manipur to the Cambodian marches and from the borders of Arakan to Yunnan" and was the largest empire and the only great power country in the history of Southeast Asia." The "most adventurous and militarily successful" dynasty in Burmese history was also the "shortest-lived." The empire grew out of the principality of Toungoo, a minor vassal state of Ava until 1510. The landlocked petty state began its rise in the 1530s under Tabinshwehti who went on to found the largest polity in Myanmar since the Pagan kingdom by 1550. His more celebrated successor Bayinnaung then greatly expanded the empire, conquering much of mainland Southeast Asia by 1565. He spent the next dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War (1534–1541)
The Toungoo–Hanthawaddy War (1534–1541) () was a military conflict between the Toungoo Kingdom, and the Hanthawaddy Kingdom and its allies the Prome Kingdom and the Confederation of Shan States that took place in present-day Lower Burma (Myanmar) between 1534 and 1541. In a series of improbable events, the upstart Burmese-speaking kingdom defeated the Mon-speaking Hanthawaddy, the most prosperous and powerful of all post- Pagan kingdoms before the war.Harvey 1925: 153–157 In the following years, Toungoo used the newly acquired kingdom's wealth and manpower to reunify the various petty states that had existed since the fall of Pagan Empire in 1287. Background Since its founding in 1279 as an outpost of the Pagan Kingdom, Toungoo, located in a remote, hard-to-reach corner east of the Pegu Yoma (Bago Yoma) range, had always been a troublesome province for its overlord. During the Ava period, its governors and viceroys raised multiple rebellions (1427–1428, 1437–14 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toungoo Dynasty
''taungnguumainn saat'' , conventional_long_name = Toungoo dynasty , common_name = Taungoo dynasty , status = Empire/Monarchy, Kingdom , event_start = Independence from Kingdom of Ava, Ava Kingdom , year_start = 1510 , date_start = 16 October , event_end = Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom, Hanthawaddy conquest , year_end = 1752 , date_end = 23 March , event_pre = , date_pre = 1485 , event1 = , date_event1 = 1510–1599 , event2 = , date_event2 = 1599–1752 , p1 = Kingdom of Ava , p2 = Hanthawaddy Kingdom , p3 = Confederation of Shan States , p4 = Lan Na Kingdom , p5 = Ayutthaya Kingdom , p6 = Lan Xang , p7 = Manipur (kingdom) , s1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mon People
The Mon (; Thai Mon: ဂကူမည်; , ; , ) are an ethnic group who inhabit Lower Myanmar's Mon State, Kayin State, Kayah State, Tanintharyi Region, Bago Region, the Irrawaddy Delta, and several areas in Thailand (mostly in Pathum Thani province, Phra Pradaeng and Nong Ya Plong). The native language is Mon, which belongs to the Monic branch of the Austroasiatic language family and shares a common origin with the Nyah Kur language, which is spoken by the people of the same name that live in Northeastern Thailand. A number of languages in Mainland Southeast Asia are influenced by the Mon language, which is also in turn influenced by those languages. The Mon were one of the earliest to reside in Southeast Asia, and were responsible for the spread of Theravada Buddhism in Mainland Southeast Asia. The civilizations founded by the Mon were some of the earliest in Thailand as well as Myanmar and Laos. The Mon are regarded as a large exporter of Southeast Asian cultur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mingyi Nyo
Mingyi Nyo (; also spelled Minkyi-nyo; ; 1459–1530) was the founder of the Toungoo dynasty of Burma (Myanmar). Under his 45-year leadership (1485–1530), Toungoo (Taungoo), grew from a remote backwater vassal state of Ava Kingdom to a small but stable independent kingdom. In 1510, he declared Toungoo's independence from its nominal overlord Ava. He skillfully kept his small kingdom out of the chaotic warfare plaguing Upper Burma. Toungoo's stability continued to attract refugees from Ava fleeing the repeated raids of Ava by the Confederation of Shan States (1490s–1527). Nyo left a stable, confident kingdom that enabled his successor Tabinshwehti to contemplate taking on larger kingdoms on his way to founding the Toungoo Empire. Early life Mingyi Nyo was born to Maha Thinkhaya of Toungoo, Maha Thinkhaya and Min Hla Nyet of Toungoo, Min Hla Nyet.Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 173 His father was a descendant of Kyawswa I of Pinya, who himself was a descendant of kings Narathihapate of Bag ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanthawaddy Mibaya
, image = , caption = , reign = 10 November 1581 – , coronation = , succession = Chief queen consort of Burma , predecessor = Sanda Dewi , successor = Thiri Maha Dhamma Yaza Dipadi Dewi , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = , regent = , spouse = Nanda Bayin , issue = 1. Thakin GyiYazawin Thit Vol. 2 2012: 239 2. Min Htwe (daughter) 3. Mingyi Swa 4. Khin Ma Hnaung (daughter) 5. Khin Pu (daughter) 6. Minye Kyawswa II 7. Thado Dhamma Yaza III , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , house = Toungoo , father = Tabinshwehti , mother = Dhamma Dewi? , birth_date = 1536 898 ME , birth_place = Toungoo (Taungoo) , death_date = June 1606 1st Waso 968 ME , death_place = Toungoo , date of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khin Myat Of Toungoo
, image = , caption = , reign = 24 November 1530 – 30 April 1550 , coronation = , succession = Queen of the Northern Palace , predecessor = Thiri Maha Sanda Dewi , successor = Sanda Dewi , suc-type = Successor , reg-type = , regent = , spouse = Tabinshwehti , issue = none , issue-link = , full name = , house = Toungoo , father = Thado Dhamma Yaza I , mother = , birth_date = 1516 , birth_place = Toungoo (Taungoo) , death_date = , death_place = ? , date of burial = , place of burial = , religion = Theravada Buddhism , signature = Khin Myat (, ) was a principal queen consort of King Tabinshwehti of Toungoo Dynasty of Burma Myanmar, officially the Republic o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smim Sawhtut
Smim Sawhtut (, ; died August 1550) was a pretender to the Hanthawaddy throne, who assassinated King Tabinshwehti of Toungoo. The ethnic Mon governor of Sittaung was a minister in the court of Tabinshwehti, who had conquered the Mon-speaking Hanthawaddy Pegu in 1539. He became a close confidant of the king. On 30 April 1550, he lured the king to the region near Pantanaw in the Irrawaddy delta to search for a white elephant—considered auspicious by the Burmese, and there assassinated him. After the assassination, Smim Sawhtut returned to Sittaung, and proclaimed himself king. About a month a half later, the ethnic Mon ministers at the capital Pegu (Bago) then drove out Minkhaung, Bayinnaung's brother who was there as the interim governor while Tabinshwehti and Bayinnaung were away. (Bayinnaung was away in the delta, chasing Smim Htaw, another pretender to the throne.) The ministers then invited Sawhtut, though not of royal lineage, to take the throne, thus restoring the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
